Search

A clinical case of somatoform disorder illustrates the process of a type of psychotherapy informed by attachment theory and research that pays heed to motivational systems that differ from attachment, and to the dynamic tensions between attachment and other motivational systems. The multimotivational theory that underpins case formulation and psychotherapy interventions is based, congruently with Bowlby’s attachment theory, on evolutionary thinking and is summarized in the first section of the article. As a necessary premise to understanding the clinical case, the second section of the article briefly outlines current knowledge on infant attachment disorganization and its developmental sequelae, considered from the perspective of the evolutionary multimotivational theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on disorganization of infant attachment provides evidence that it can be caused not only by violent aggression or very early sexual abuse, but also by covert maltreating behavior, which includes the abdication of the caregiver’s responsibility to soothe the infant’s distress. This paper argues that both overtly abusive caregivers and merely “abdicating” caregivers may cause disorganization of infant attachment through a simultaneous and conflicting activation of the motivational systems governing attachment and survival defense in the infant. Other inborn motivational systems—regulating caretaking, competitiveness, and sexuality—are disorderly activated, during personality development, within the intra-family relationships of children whose infant attachment has been disorganized. The paper argues that conflicts and abnormal tensions between different motivational systems explain some paradoxical features of the interactions between abusers and abused, and allow for a better understanding of the interpersonal processes involved in the surfacing and exacerbation of dissociative symptoms in the abused. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]