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This article discusses comparative effects of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine, with and without probenicid, on Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in children with acute, uncomplicated malaria. The article presents a study in this regard. The treatment of acute, Plasmodium falciparum malaria with pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine is often associated with drug-induced increases in the frequency of gametocyte carriage and the level of gametocytaemia. When pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine is used in combination with other antimalarial drugs, particularly with amodiaquine or the artemisinin derivatives, however, these unwelcome changes may be considerably reduced. The article further focuses on the study.