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This paper aims to extend the scope of cultural criminological research through an investigation of gender representation in 21st Century Bollywood films focusing on portrayals of Sexually Transgressive Behaviour (STB). A sample of nine films released between 2000 and 2016 was analysed against a set criterion that includes: off-screen gender demographics, three tests to analyse the scope of the female character, incidents of Sexually Transgressive Behaviour (STB) and the male gaze. The results demonstrate that Bollywood continues to be a male-dominated industry and that female narratives are largely neglected. The majority of films analysed (six films) demonstrate a blatant objectification of women and seven of these demonstrated clear manifestations of STB. Only two of the nine films pass the Bechdel-Wallace test (a test which indicates the number of female characters, their interactions, and nature thereof), only three films show an independent female character arc and five films have replaceable female characters. This paper concludes that Bollywood films show the potential of being criminogenic (tending to produce crime) and the overall results are indicative that there is ample scope for further academic studies of Bollywood through a cultural criminological lens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The maritime sector plays a crucial role in global trade and economics. The competitive and rapidly growing sector requires a highly trained workforce with specific skills, especially for the twenty-first-century revolutions. Since, industry 4.0 entails the modernisation of work, which is likely to impact individuals' required skills, especially for seafarers in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, discussions on future maritime operations competencies frequently emphasize technology as a prerequisite for seafarers' ability to adapt to change. The paper seeks to explore seafarers' required skills, especially for the twenty-first century, using the modified Delphi method and Best Worst Method (BWM), which is a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) technique. Ten skills have been identified from the derived outcomes, divided into two segments: hard skills and soft skills. Technical and theoretical knowledge has been identified as the most influential hard skill, and communication skill as the most critical soft skill. The study will benefit seafarers and organisations related to training and hiring seafarers for making their decisions on the training and hiring process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical relevance: The scientific foundations for clinical contact lens practice are rooted in the ophthalmic literature. This analysis of contact lens papers celebrates contemporary research achievements in the contact lens field.Background: This work aims to assemble contact lens-related publication metrics so as to identify the most impactful papers published so far this century, as well the top countries, authors, institutions and journals.Methods: A search was undertaken of the titles of papers on the Scopus database to identify contact lens-related articles published this century. The ten most highly cited papers were determined from the total list of 4,164 papers found. Rank-order lists by count were assembled for the 'top 25' in each of four categories: authors, institutions, countries and journals. A 20-year subject-specific contact lens h-index (hCL-20-index) was derived for each author, institution, country and journal to serve as a measure of impact in the field. The top 10 constituents (of the top 25) of each category were ranked by hCL-20-index and tabulated for consideration.Results: The most highly cited paper this century is entitled 'Soft contact lens polymers: An evolution', by Nicholson and Vogt. Lyndon Jones is the most impactful author, with a hCL-20-index of 32. The University of New South Wales (Australia) produces the most impactful contact lens-related papers, and the United States is the most highly-ranked country. Optometry and Vision Science is the most impactful journal in the contact lens field.Conclusions: Contact lens materials and lens-associated keratitis are topics of high interest in the contemporary contact lens literature, with an emerging interest in orthokeratology for myopia control and glucose monitoring. Impactful 21st century authors, institutions, countries and journals are identified. Optometry is revealed as the leading profession in relation to the publication of impactful contact lens-related papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the process of designing, building, commissioning and testing a small full size operational Newcomen engine built over three years by the Auckland Steam Engine Society Inc. of New Zealand. This project was to celebrate the 2012 tercentenary of the first recorded Newcomen engine in the year of 1712. Designed for educational display purposes and the need to be disassembled for transport, the construction of the engine's main framework was of bolt-together steel and timber sections supporting the principal components. These consist of cast iron cylinder, coal fired boiler, main water tank, main and auxiliary water pumps, rocking beam, valve gear, auxiliary tanks and plumbing. The engine ran even though not fully completed from the start with only minor adjustments needed during the final completion stage when a waterwheel was added to the engine making it a returning engine. Subsequent tests and experiments have proved that the buoy float system commonly fitted to the first generation of Newcomen engines with limited boiler capacity will operate the engine in single cycle operation and that it is also a useful indication of boiler pressure for the engine operator. Other tests have shown that the cylinder temperature does not vary during the engine operating cycle. This project has proven that small Newcomen engines can be made to work successfully and suggest that more ongoing research into the design of the valve gear of the early engines is required in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares how urban-themed black British playwriting can be understood within mainstream and applied theatre contexts. The paper first examines the focus of the mainstream theatre's education packs for productions of Kwame Kwei-Armah's Elmina's Kitchen and Roy Williams's Fallout before exploring how black men's participation in Synergy Theatre Project's productions of the same two plays at Her Majesty's Prison, Brixton impacts on participants and audiences in line with some of the key principles of applied theatre practice in prisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a case study on how an established, mature engineering faculty, with a large population of students can make the successful, high risk, step change transition towards the delivery of CDIO objectives: "Graduating engineers who can conceive-design-implement-operate complex value-added engineering systems in a modern team-based environment" (Crawley et al, 2011). The successful results of the project demonstrated the effectiveness of the systems thinking and CDIO approach, and endorsed this as the basis for a major change strategy. Not only did it demonstrate the quality of all the students on the course, their potential and commitment to engineering, but it also demonstrated willingness of the faculty to take a risk and to embrace change. The project scenario opened up an otherwise overlooked teaching resource: that of practitioner lecturers with many years of experience of implementation and operation of major projects. These skills were essential to the scoping, design, planning and implementation of the project as well as giving the backdrop of best practice from industry. Auckland's experience of introducing a major step change may be used as a template for other universities who may wish to follow Auckland's example. This project shows the value of a hearts and minds approach to change as it brought together students, staff and best practice under a multidisciplinary systems thinking and CDIO approach; all united in the interests of reconstructing Christchurch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Professor Jacques Rilling presents his Rinker International Conference paper outlining the research programmes in the European Community, confirming that the implementation of the European Construction Product Directive has been identified as the priority action area to be supported by EC funding. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Andrew Lemer discusses in his Rinker International conference paper, the role of research leading to the 21st century and analyses the various aspects of the construction industry in the United States comparing them with the higher profile of research in Germany, and particularly, Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

School counselors are an important cornerstone in addressing inequities and supporting student success. A thorough review of the literature promotes the unification of contemporary school counselor practice, restorative practices, and the development of students' 21st-century skills. This article sheds light on this concept, illustrating how school counselors can infuse skill-building within the restorative practices framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher education exists today in a context of rapid globalization, which affects the systems in which future teachers will work, the governance of teachers' work, the students teachers will be teaching, as well as the policies, programs, curricula and students in teacher education itself. Several ideas recently have gained traction internationally and are shaping the working landscape of teaching and teacher education in many countries. This essay critically examines the circulation of what appear to be a small set of 'core' ideas that are influencing national and institutional policies of teacher education. I explore the emergence of new players in teacher education internationally, including individuals, corporations, and international bodies. Using policy documents, influential research studies, university program statements, and interviews, the essay provides a discursive analysis of the contradictory voices in what is becoming a global conversation of teacher education. In many ways, these ideas marginalize the voices of teachers and teacher educators. They tend to narrow the definitions of education and teaching. As a counterpoint to these widely circulating arguments, I explore how reciprocal teacher education exchange programs in China and the US create opportunities for alternative constructions of visions of teaching and teacher learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gender roles of masculinity and femininity are considered not only to be descriptive of behaviour, but also to prescribe how men and women should behave. To assess the prescriptive nature of gender roles, previous research asked participants to assign masculine (agentic) and feminine (communal) traits to men and women of differing occupational roles. The current study, conducted in Australia, sought to establish whether previous results still apply to contemporary prescriptions of masculine and feminine traits of men and women in different occupational roles (specifically, employee and homemaker roles). Participants (N = 327) completed an online questionnaire, where masculine and feminine traits (as identified by the Bem Sex Role Inventory short-form) were ascribed to men and women of different occupational roles (that is, employee and homemaker). Compared to previous results, those of this current differ in fundamental ways that we posit reflect the social changes of women. Results are discussed in relation to both previous research and in response to social change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much has been written about the social and scientific problems that face the world in the 21st century, including climate change and economic inequality. In this context, the development of talented individuals who can tackle these problems is most important. In this article, the authors discuss the implications of 21st-century challenges for the development of talent based on their megamodel (Subotnik, Olszewski-Kubilius, & Worrell, 2011), with a particular focus on the psychosocial skills that will be important for 21st-century learning and working environments. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The world will face major ecological and social problems in the coming century, including population pressure, pollution, water shortage, urbanization, etc. To solve these problems requires changing human behaviour. What is the role of ergonomics? Can we design constraints that are perceived as freedom? Can there be a metaphysics of ergonomics in which we can find ethical values for design which transcend cultural bases? [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An authoritative account of current thinking in Japan by a distinguished contributor presented at the second Rinker International conference. Toshihiko Ota discusses the social responsibilities and contributions of the construction industry, drawing on the example of the effective performance of Japan's R & D and highlighting a number of responsibilities for the twenty‐first century. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]