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Objectives: To investigate whether intensified cooperation between general practitioner (GP), care manager and rehabilitation coordinator (RC) for patients sick-listed for stress-related mental disorder, combined with a person-centred dialogue meeting with employer, could reduce sick-leave days compared with usual care manager contact. Design: Pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial, randomisation at primary care centre (PCC) level. Setting: PCCs in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden, with care manager organisation. Participants: Of 30 invited PCCs, 28 (93%) accepted the invitation and recruited 258 patients newly sick-listed due to stress-related mental disorder (n = 142 intervention, n = 116 control PCCs). Intervention: Cooperation between GP, care manager and rehabilitation coordinator from start of illness notification plus a person-centred dialogue meeting between patient and employer within 3 months. Regular contact with care manager was continued at the control PCCs. Main outcome measures: 12-months net and gross number of sick-leave days. Secondary outcomes: Symptoms of stress, depression, anxiety; work ability and health related quality of life (EQ-5D) over 12 months. Results: There were no significant differences between intervention and control groups after 12 months: days on sick-leave (12-months net sick-leave days, intervention, mean = 110.7 days (95% confidence interval (CI) 82.6 − 138.8); control, mean = 99.1 days (95% CI 73.9 − 124.3)), stress, depression, or anxiety symptoms, work ability or EQ-5D. There were no significant differences between intervention and control groups concerning proportion on sick-leave after 3, 6, 12 months. At 3 months 64.8% were on sick-leave in intervention group vs 54.3% in control group; 6 months 38% vs 32.8%, and12 months 16.9% vs 15.5%. Conclusion: Increased cooperation at the PCC between GP, care manager and RC for stress-related mental disorder coupled with an early workplace contact in the form of a person-centred dialogue meeting does not reduce days of sick-leave or speed up rehabilitation. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03250026 CO-WORK-CARE First Posted: August 15, 2017. Recruitment of PCCs: September 2017. Inclusion of patients from December 2017 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Expanding the use of surface electromyography-biofeedback (EMG-BF) devices in different therapeutic settings highlights the gradually evolving role of visualizing muscle activity in the rehabilitation process. This review evaluates their concepts, uses, and trends, combining evidence-based research. Areas covered: This review dissects the anatomy of EMG-BF systems, emphasizing their transformative integration with machine-learning (ML) and deep-learning (DL) paradigms. Advances such as the application of sophisticated DL architectures for high-density EMG data interpretation, optimization techniques for heightened DL model performance, and the fusion of EMG with electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have been spotlighted for enhancing biomechanical analyses in rehabilitation. The literature survey also categorizes EMG-BF devices based on functionality and clinical usage, supported by insights from commercial sectors. Expert opinion: The current landscape of EMG-BF is rapidly evolving, chiefly propelled by innovations in artificial intelligence (AI). The incorporation of ML and DL into EMG-BF systems augments their accuracy, reliability, and scope, marking a leap in patient care. Despite challenges in model interpretability and signal noise, ongoing research promises to address these complexities, refining biofeedback modalities. The integration of AI not only predicts patient-specific recovery timelines but also tailors therapeutic interventions, heralding a new era of personalized medicine in rehabilitation and emotional detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Occupational balance (OB) is a desirable outcome of rehabilitation because it is related to various health indices. The Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ) is a self-report measure of occupational balance. Aims/Objectives: To examine the test-retest reliability, participant-level content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and convergent validity of an Arabic occupational balance questionnaire (OBQ11-A). Materials and Methods: A total of 103 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Test-retest reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients, participant-level content validity using percentage of agreement in survey questions, construct validity using factor analysis, internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha, and convergent validity by examining associations with quality-of-life. Results: Intraclass Correlation Coefficient values for the total OBQ11-A scores and individual items were greater than 0.7 between the test and retest. The majority of respondents endorsed the relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility of the OBQ11-A. Cronbach's alpha for the OBQ11-A total score was 0.899. Nine of the 11 OBQ11-A items had factor loadings greater than 0.7. Moderate associations were found between the total OBQ11-A scores and physical health (n=101; ρ = .52, p < .001), psychological health (n=101; ρ = .49, p < .001), social relationships (n=101; ρ = .36, p < .001), and environmental domains (n=101; ρ = .57, p < .001) of the quality-of-life measure. Conclusions: OBQ11-A demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties for research purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Yoga may reduce negative cancer- and treatment-related effects and help improve a range of outcomes, including flexibility, mindfulness, and quality of life among adults affected by cancer. Yet there is little evidence for the role of yoga among young adults (18-39 years) affected by cancer. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of young adults affected by cancer in an 8-week yoga intervention delivered by videoconference. Methods: Young adults who were diagnosed with cancer between the ages of 18 and 39 years, at any stage of the cancer trajectory, who were living in Canada, and who completed an 8-week yoga intervention were approached to complete a semi-structured interview. A social constructivist paradigm was adopted. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Twenty-eight young adults (Mean age = 34.67±5.11 years; n=25 female) with varied cancer diagnoses participated. Participants' perspectives were represented across 6 themes: (1) I was juggling a number of challenges and changes throughout the yoga intervention; (2) I noticed some improvements in my mental and physical health; (3) I made time to discover new strategies to take care of myself; (4) I was able to see what my body is capable of; (5) I was held accountable and I appreciated that, and; (6) I was able to be around similar others in a safe (virtual) space. Conclusions: Findings suggest that an 8-week yoga intervention may offer some benefits for young adults affected by cancer. Self-care, self-compassion, mindfulness, feelings of physical competence, establishing a routine, and being around similar others were viewed as important components of the intervention and may have contributed to the benefits experienced. Findings underscore the potential utility of yoga as a supportive care intervention for young adults affected by cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) describes chronic disturbances in self-organization (i.e. affect dysregulation; negative self-concept; severe difficulties in relationships) which are frequently observed in survivors of prolonged, repeated or multiple traumatic stressors. So far, evidence of psychodynamic treatment approaches for CPTSD is scarce. Methods: In this single-centre observational pilot study, symptom change during a 6-week psychodynamic inpatient treatment in a multimodal psychosomatic rehabilitation centre was evaluated using repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs). Patients completed questionnaires on PTSD and CPTSD symptoms (ITQ), anxiety, depression and somatization (BSI-18), functional impairment (WHODAS) and epistemic trust, mistrust and credulity (ETMCQ) before (T1) and at the end of treatment (T2). A hierarchical linear regression analysis was calculated to identify factors associated with improved CPTSD symptoms. Results: A total of n = 50 patients with CPTSD were included in the study, of whom n = 40 (80%) completed treatment. Patients reported a significant reduction of CPTSD symptoms during treatment with a large effect size (−3.9 points; p < .001; η² = .36), as well as a significant reduction of psychological distress (p < .001; η² = .55) and functional impairment (p < .001; η² = .59). At the end of treatment, 41.0% of patients no longer fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for CPTSD. Changes in epistemic stance included improved epistemic trust (β = –.34, p = .026) and decreased epistemic credulity (β = .37, p = .017), which together with lower age (β = .43, p = .012) and lower depression levels at baseline (β = .35, p = .054) were significantly associated with baseline adjusted mean change of CPTSD symptoms during therapy and explained 48% of its variance. Discussion: In our study, patients reported a significant reduction of CPTSD symptoms and comorbid symptoms during a multimodal psychodynamic inpatient rehabilitation treatment. Improved epistemic trust may facilitate the establishment of a trusting therapeutic relationship, thus fostering an environment of openness for knowledge transfer (i.e. social learning) and the exploration of diverse viewpoints and perspectives in the therapeutic process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the occurrence of polyarticular contractures. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) affect 25% of patients with arthrogryposis. In this case report, the authors describe rehabilitation of a child between 8 and 24 months of age with AMC accompanied by Pierre-Robin Sequence. Physiotherapy directed to the TMJ included manual therapy, food intake training, and sensory training. Increase in the mobility of the TMJ and improvement in food intake, swallowing, speech, and breathing were achieved. Further research is necessary for investigating the effects of the proposed protocol of physiotherapy on a larger number of children with AMC and co-occurrence of TMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the factors that promote and facilitate rehabilitation as well as challenges and possible barriers perceived by people with spinal cord injury (SCI). This study was part of a larger, mixed-method Finnish Spinal Cord Injury (FinSCI) study. We interviewed 45 persons with SCI representing participants from the FinSCI study and used a qualitative approach and a deductive-inductive content analysis to analyse the data. We identified 28 facilitators and 19 barriers in the rehabilitation process. The majority of the facilitators and barriers were related to the rehabilitation planning phase. There were more barriers than facilitators in applying for and accessing treatment or rehabilitation and during the implementation of rehabilitation. Facilitators consisted of successful, realized, or planned treatments or rehabilitation events; clear goals; multidisciplinary teamwork; support and monitoring in various changing situations; and the rehabilitees' own capabilities and activities, among other things. The barriers included delays, challenges and deficiencies in the planning and implementation of treatment or rehabilitation; the lack of different skills; and resources of rehabilitation professionals; and different personal factors, which made the rehabilitation process cumbersome. Good communication and interaction between stakeholders are crucial for the progress of rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke rehabilitation presents a complex challenge, necessitating innovative approaches to optimise functional recovery. Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation (VRBR) has emerged as a promising intervention that capitalises on immersive technology to engage stroke survivors in their recovery journey. This review aims to examine the efficacy of VRBR in stroke rehabilitation, focusing on its advantages and challenges. A comprehensive search of relevant literature was conducted to gather evidence on the efficacy of VRBR in stroke survivors. Studies that investigated the impact of VRBR on patient engagement, functional recovery, and overall rehabilitation outcomes were included. The review also assessed the ability of VRBR to simulate real-life scenarios and facilitate essential daily activities for stroke survivors. The review highlights that VRBR offers a unique immersive experience that enhances patient engagement and motivation during rehabilitation. The immersive nature of VRBR fosters a sense of presence, which can positively impact treatment adherence and outcomes. Moreover, VRBR's capacity to replicate real-world scenarios provides stroke survivors with opportunities to practice vital daily activities, promoting functional independence. In contrast, conventional rehabilitation methods lack the same level of engagement and real-world simulation. VRBR holds promise as an efficacious intervention in stroke rehabilitation. Its immersive nature enhances patient engagement and motivation, potentially leading to better treatment adherence and outcomes. The ability of VRBR to simulate real-life scenarios offers a unique platform. However, challenges such as cost, equipment, patient suitability, data privacy, and acceptance must be addressed for successful integration into stroke rehabilitation practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Life after stroke is a comprehensive area that involves engagement in meaningful everyday activities, including work, and can be adversely affected by post-stroke fatigue. This study investigates post-stroke fatigue, its development over time, and its impact on return to work and other everyday life activities. In addition, we investigated whether post-stroke fatigue could predict functioning in everyday life activities one year after stroke. This prospective registry-based study includes 2850 working age (18 – 63 years) patients registered in the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke) during year 2017 and 2018. Post-stroke fatigue and everyday activities were analyzed 3- and 12-months post-stroke. The mean age of the included participants was 54 years and the majority, 65%, were men. Three months post-stroke, 43% self-reported fatigue, at 12-months the proportion increased to 48%. About 90% of the patients were independent in basic ADL at 3-month. Dependence in complex activities one year post-stroke was significantly associated with fatigue. Not experiencing fatigue one year after stroke could predict positive functioning in everyday activities, increasing the chance of returning to work (OR = 3.7) and pre-stroke life and everyday activities (OR = 5.7). Post-stroke fatigue is a common persistent disability that negatively impacts complex activities; therefore, fatigue needs to be acknowledged and addressed long term after discharge. People of working age who experience post-stroke fatigue encounter difficulties with complex rather than basic activities. Post-stroke fatigue may be developed when reclaiming complex activities; thus, long term routine assessments after discharge are recommended. Interventions addressing post-stroke fatigue are warranted, as the absence of post-stroke fatigue increases the chance of returning to everyday life, including work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Community-based hospitals in China lack physicians, especially rehabilitation physicians. Recently, several financial resources have been developed to prepare general doctors for community-based hospitals. These doctors seem to be the best choices for assuming the role of a rehabilitation physician. However, their willingness and in-depth information from their perspectives have not been previously investigated. We conducted a general investigation of rehabilitation resources in Yunnan, a province located in Southwest China with a population of more than 40 million. Our investigation covered the entire Yunnan Province from December 2020 to May 2022. The questionnaire was administered to 670 general doctors in 112 community hospitals randomly selected in Yunnan Province based on their willingness to assume the role of rehabilitation physicians and obstructive factors to process the rehabilitation services. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated, and items regarding their general condition were analyzed. Cronbach's alpha and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin values were 0.748 and 0.729, respectively. The measure comprises four factors: common disease, demand for training to improve skills, subjective/objective factors, and proactivity to recommend rehabilitation therapy. More than 20% of general doctors were unwilling to take on the role of rehabilitation physicians, and their willingness was related to satisfaction with their current job, comprehension of community-based rehabilitation, and comprehension of government support (p <.05). From the perspective of general doctors, the reimbursement rate for medical insurance, which burdens patients, is the greatest problem in the process of developing community-based hospital rehabilitation services. Offering professional training to increase their capacity and developing common practices to increase doctors' proactivity to recommend rehabilitation therapy may help increase the future support of medical insurance and increase general doctors' willingness to take on the role of a rehabilitation physician. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exercise is an effective component in rehabilitation of a range of chronic conditions. There is a growing interest in the use of exercise-based nature interacted rehabilitation (EBNIR), but an overview of current evidence is missing. The objective of this scoping review was to map existing exercise-based rehabilitation interventions conducted with incidental or intentional nature interaction focusing on its populations, types of outcomes, and theoretical rationale for people with physical and mental disabilities. This scoping review identified peer-reviewed publications, registered upcoming trials and grey literature. To map all available knowledge, a comprehensive search of selected databases (MEDLINE; EMBASE; CINAHL; Cochrane; Web of Science; Pedro) from inception to October 2022. Data were synthesized in a thematic presentation guided by TIDieR, supplemented by a checklist developed for this study accounting nature incidental or intentional interaction. Twelve studies including 856 participants met the inclusion criteria. Eleven were completed trials and one was registered in clinicaltrials.gov to be run in 2023. A total of 856 patients were enrolled in the 12 studies (range 18–262, median 50). The included studies had great variation. The incidental or intentional interacted exercise-based interventions consisted of outdoor walks, neck exercises and surfing interventions in patients with physical or mental health conditions. This scoping review presents an overview of limited and diverse evidence within the field of EBNIR, in patients with physical or mental health conditions. Our review provides an overview that will be helpful in the design of future EBNIR trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To describe the experiences of multi-professional teams of implementation of group-based adaptation training intervention for patients with chronic somatic illnesses or disabilities in specialized healthcare. Multi-professional teams (n = 7) implementing adaptation training courses for chronically ill patients in specialised healthcare were interviewed between 09/2020 and 12/2021. The themes for thematic group interviews were based on the standard protocol implementation of adaptation training in specialised healthcare, including planning, implementation and evaluation of the adaptation training courses. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. The data were analysed using inductive content analysis. The experiences of multi-professional teams involved using pedagogical methods, providing guidance and counselling to support the rehabilitation process, ensuring opportunities for peer support, and supporting the course participants' involvement and activities in everyday life. Healthcare professionals should use pedagogical methods in reflective guidance and counselling to promote client-oriented approach in supporting adaptation. Their competence in pedagogy needs to be build and maintained by continuous education. Multi-professional teams need to ensure sufficient and versatile conditions for peer support and involvement of family members by creating open and trusting atmosphere, unhurried encounters, discussions, different and varying ways of working. Adaptation training can strengthen the self-efficacy of participants and help them shift their attention from illness and disability to thoughts of the future. Adaptation training can support active and meaningful daily life in a changed life situation. Pedagogical methods are useful in multi-professional group rehabilitation interventions. Multi-professionalism is essential to providing meaningful guidance and counselling to support the rehabilitation process of patients with long-term illnesses and disabilities. Application of provided knowledge and counselling to everyday life as well as the involvement of family members and taking advantage of the possibilities of peer support, enables active agency in daily life and rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The integration of mental health rehabilitees into the labour market is an important policy objective everywhere in the world. The international Clubhouse organization is a thirdsector actor that offers community-based psychosocial rehabilitation and supports and promotes rehabilitees' state of acting and exerting power over their lives, including their (re)employment. In this article, we adopt the perspective of discursive psychology and ask how mental health rehabilitees' agency is constructed and ideally also promoted in the Clubhouse-based Transitional Employment (TE) programme. Methods: The data consisted of 26 video-recorded TE meetings in which staff and rehabilitees of one Finnish Clubhouse discussed ways to further their contacts with potential employers. The analysis was informed by discursive psychology, which has been heavily influenced by conversation analysis. Results: The analysis demonstrated how rehabilitees adopt agentic positions in respect to TErelated future activities, and how Clubhouse staff promote and encourage but also discourage and invalidate these agentic positionings. The analysis demonstrated the multifaceted nature of agency and agency promotion in the TE programme. Conclusions: Although ideally, Clubhouse activities are based on equal opportunities, in everyday interaction practices, the staff exercise significant power over the question whose agency is promoted and validated in the TE programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim was to illuminate the experiences of stroke survivors returning to everyday life in the year following stroke, in the context of client-centred rehabilitation. Methods: Four men who participated in a client-centred rehabilitation program were followed during the first year after stroke. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, allbut the first in the participants' home. The data were analysed using a grounded theory approach. Results: The results revealed a process with the overarching core category; The "new" self becomes reality through challenging everyday experiences, and five main categories driving the process: 1) Striving for structure in a "new" chaotic world, 2) Homecoming an ambiguous experience, 3) Reaching the "new" self through reflections of self-understanding, 4) Socialising in new circumstances, and 5) Realising a new reality. Conclusions: While in hospital, stroke survivors can have unrealistic expectations. When at home they can begin to realise their actual capacity . To find a "new" self after a stroke can involve time-consuming and taxing processes of reflections of self-understanding. Engagement in self-selected meaningful and valued activities can support stroke survivors' reconstruction of the "new" self but not all stroke survivors may succeed in finding their "new" self during the first year after stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The impact of a stroke is particularly evident during the transition home, with reported unmet needs. However, little is known about post-stroke adaptation in Portugal. This study aimed to understand how Portuguese people with stroke and their informal carers/family adapt over time, and how health professionals support their adaptation. Methods: A multi-perspective, longitudinal qualitative study was conducted using in-depth semi-structured interviews one and six months after inpatient discharge. A purposive sample of 24 participants (8 triads) participated. Thematic and narrative analysis strategies were used. Results: Three themes were identified: Managing change over time; Balancing support over time; Changing priorities. These suggest the importance of time and gradual adjustment of health professionals' approach throughout the rehabilitation process tailored to people with stroke' and carers' needs. Both valued positive thoughts and support from others to adjust life goals and find a balance between a mutual/bidirectional support and time for themselves. Conclusions: Findings show that the manner in which changes after a stroke are approached may be positively transformed to provide strength. As a result of the deeper understanding gained from this study, health professionals may be better placed to acknowledge the needs of people with stroke and carers and find effective ways of supporting them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Exercise prescriptions by clinicians to patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) often disagree with recommendations, thus requiring improvement. Aim: To assess whether exercise prescriptions by physiotherapists to patients with CVD are better in agreement with European (ESC/EAPC) recommendations when the EXPERT (EXercise Prescription in Everyday practice & Rehabilitative Training) Training tool is used for digital educational training. Design: In a prospective non-randomized intervention study. Methods: Twenty-three belgian physiotherapists first prescribed exercise intensity, frequency, session duration, program duration and exercise type (endurance or strength training) for the same three patient cases, from which the agreement with ESC/EAPC recommendations (based on a maximal score of 60/per case: agreement score) was assessed. Next, they completed a onemonth digital training by using the EXPERT Training tool and completed 31 ± 13 training cases. The EXPERT tool is a training and decision support system that automatically generates a (personalised) exercise prescription according to the patient's characteristics, thus integrating the exercise prescriptions for different CVDs and risk factors, all based on ESC/EAPC recommendations. Thereafter, the same three patient cases as at entry of study were filled out again, with reassessment of level of agreement with ESC/EAPC recommendations. Results: After using the EXPERT Training tool, the physiotherapists prescribed significantly greater exercise frequencies, program durations and total exercise volumes in all three patient cases (p < 0.05). In cases 1, 2 and 3, the agreement score increased from 29 ± 9 (out of 60), 28 ± 9, and 34 ± 7 to 41 ± 9, 41 ± 10, and 45 ± 8, respectively (p < 0.001). Hence, the total agreement score increased from 91 ± 17 (out of 180) to 127 ± 19 (p < 0.001, +44 ± 32%). A lower starting agreement score and younger age correlated with a greater improvement in total agreement score (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Exercise prescriptions to patients with CVD, generated by physiotherapists, are significantly better in agreement with European recommendations when the EXPERT Training tool is used, indicating its educational potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eleven Indigenous communities served by the File Hills Qu'Appelle Tribal Council (FHQTC) in Saskatchewan, Canada have experienced a progressive reduction in access to physical and occupational therapy services. A community-directed needs assessment facilitated by FHQTC Health Services was undertaken in the summer of 2021 to identify experiences and barriers of community members in accessing rehabilitation services. Sharing circles were conducted according to FHQTC COVID-19 policies; researchers connected to community members via Webex virtual conferencing software. Community stories and experiences were collected via sharing circles and semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using an iterative thematic analysis approach with NVIVO qualitative analysis software. An overarching theme of culture contextualised five primary themes: 1) Barriers to Rehabilitation Care, 2) Impacts on Family and Quality of Life, 3) Calls for Services, 4) Strength Based Supports, and 5) What Care Should Look Like. Each theme is comprised of numerous subthemes amassed by stories from community members. Five recommendations were developed to enhance culturally responsive access to local services in FHQTC communities: 1) Rehabilitation Staffing Requirements, 2) Integration with Cultural Care, 3) Practitioner Education and Awareness, 4) Patient and Community-Centered Care, and 5) Feedback and Ongoing Evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to translate the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) into the Arabic language and to assess the reliability and validity of the translated version of the scale among a sample of the Saudi population. The internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the translated BRS were analyzed. Factor analyses were conducted to examine the factor structure of the scale. Convergent validity was measured by correlating BRS scores with those from the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and WHO-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5). A total of 1072 participants were included in the analysis. The score of the Arabic version showed excellent internal consistency (alpha = 0.98) and good test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82–0.92, p ≤ 0.0001). The results of factor analyses showed that the two-factor model is a good model fit with [CMIN/DF = 9.105; GFI = 0.97; CFI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.09]. The BRS scores were negatively correlated with levels of anxiety (r = −0.61), depression (r = −0.6), and stress (r = −0.53) and positively correlated with levels of satisfaction with life (r = 0.44) and mental well-being (r = 0.58). Our findings firmly support the reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the BRS to be used in research and clinical settings with the Saudi population. Resilience, defined as the ability to bounce back from stressors, is a psychological factor that may buffer the harmful effects of health-related stress. The Arabic version of the BRS demonstrates strong reliability and validity for assessing resilience among the Arabic-speaking Saudi population. The scale will provide the rehabilitation field in the Arabic-speaking population and other health communities with a tool for research and clinical practice. The scale will also guide the development of strategic plans and psychological protective and rehabilitative intervention protocols for those in health-related stressful circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tested the efficacy of digital-health home intervention for people within the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-continuum. Thirty people within the AD continuum were randomly assigned to a telerehabilitation (ABILITY; 6 males, Mage=78.2 ± 3.95) or treatment as usual (TAU; 8 males, Mage=77.13 ± 6.38), performing cognitive and physical activities at home for six weeks. The ABILITY intervention additionally included a digital platform enabling communication between the hospital and the patient's home. Efficiency, such as adherence, perceived fit of demands and skills, usability, and effectiveness measures, including neuropsychological level, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and autonomy in daily living, were collected before (T0), after the treatment (T1), and at the 1-year-follow-up (T2). The ABILITY program was efficient, with a higher adherence (81% vs. 62%), a higher perceived fit of demands and skills than TAU (p<.05), and a good level of technology usability. In terms of effectiveness, a treatment effect (ABILITY > TAU) emerged on the global cognitive level, especially in language, executive functions, and memory domains. Moreover, a treatment carry-over effect (1-year follow-up) was observed in global cognitive functions (especially language) (ABILITY > TAU), behavioral symptoms, and caregiver distress (TAU > ABILITY). Our preliminary findings suggest that ABILITY is a promising eHealth intervention to improve at-home treatment adherence and to preserve cognitive and behavioral abilities. People in the Alzheimer's Disease continuum facing chronic cognitive disabilities represent an emergency for the healthcare system given the substantial need for long-term rehabilitation; This study evaluates a new model of rehabilitation in the continuity of care for people with cognitive disabilities, adopting an asynchronous approach; The asynchronous telerehabilitation model may be considered a new frontier for continuity of care, capable of answering the unmet need of scaling up rehabilitation services to the broad population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cochlear implantation (CI) recipients in Saudi Arabia. The impact was measured using the results of an online survey that investigated challenges related to access to re/habilitation and programming services, increased dependence on virtual interaction, and emotional impact. The cross-sectional online survey reached 353 pediatric and adult CI recipients between April 21st and May 3rd 2020, during the first weeks of implementing the lockdown strategy and the transitioning to virtual settings. It was revealed that overall access to aural re/habilitation was considerably affected during the pandemic, and that the impact of this disruption was significantly greater for pediatric recipients than for adults. On the other hand, overall access to programming services was not affected. Results also revealed that CI recipients' performance at school or work was negatively impacted by the transition to a virtual communication. In addition, participants noticed a decline in their auditory performance, language skills, and speech understanding. They also registered feelings of anxiety, social isolation, and fear related to sudden changes in their CI function. Finally, the study revealed a gap between CI clinical/non-clinical support provided during the pandemic and the expectations of CI recipients. Collectively, outcomes from this study highlight the importance of shifting towards a more patient -centered model that offers empowerment and self-advocacy. In addition, the outcomes also emphasize the importance of developing and adapting emergency protocols. This will ensure continuation of services provided to CI recipients during scenario disasters like a pandemic. Pediatric aural re/habilitation was subjected to a significantly greater interruption, compared to adult aural re/habilitation, duringthe COVID-19 shutdown. Cochlear Implant (CI) recipients expressed feelings of anxiety, social isolation, and fear. These feelings were related to sudden changes in their CI functioning, caused by interruption of support services during the pandemic. Patient -centered model can offer emergency protocols that ensure a smooth continuation of cochlear implant-related re/habilitation and services during disaster scenarios such as the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in significant changes to health care delivery and the patient's experience in hospital. Changes for those who contracted COVID-19 or were close contacts included isolation and quarantine, visitor restrictions and changes to usual models of care to reduce viral transmission. Traditional models of inpatient rehabilitation utilise communal spaces (e.g. shared gyms and dining rooms) and involve a multidisciplinary team interacting with the patient daily. To report the experience of COVID-19 related isolation and quarantine among rehabilitation inpatients and their family members who experienced a nosocomial outbreak and to make recommendations for rehabilitation units. A qualitative phenomenological methodology using semi-structured telephone interviews. 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted comprising of 13 general rehabilitation inpatients and 6 family members. Five themes were established: (1) the impact of social and physical isolation; (2) boredom and limited access to therapy; (3) the impact of technology; (4) inadequate information sharing and (5) positive experiences and things done well. Several novel insights were identified including: the desire for increased social interaction from staff to compensate for a lack of visitors; the impact of physical and cognitive deficits on a patient's ability to reach basic items around their room or call for help, and the unique impact of isolation and quarantine on individuals who have a history of trauma, discrimination or mental illness. This study establishes key areas that should be considered by rehabilitation units globally to adjust traditional models which are not suitable in this pandemic. Strategies to mitigate the impact of isolation include providing training to increase use of technologies such as tablet devices, increased staff social engagement to reduce isolation and tailoring the environment to suit specific patient groups. COVID-19 related isolation and quarantine has a significant and unique impact on patients with cognitive and physical impairments such as those in inpatient rehabilitation. Patients who are required to isolate in inpatient settings expressed a desire for compensatory increased social interaction from staff and required specific assistance with basic daily tasks while isolated. The study makes key recommendations for other rehabilitation units to integrate into their approach for managing patients required to isolate or quarantine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To delineate and discuss the literature about TMD in the context of dental implantology. The PRISMA-ScR and Joanna Briggs guidelines for scoping reviews were used as methodological parameters. In vivo studies published in the English language showing interplay between dental implant therapy and TMD were included. A systematic screen strategy was applied in two platforms to obtain a broad range of relevant literature published in English. The literature review indicated that prolonged surgical procedure may be a risk for TMD. Conversely, implant-supported prostheses were found to contribute to the mitigation of some TMD aspects. Empirical principles for the best practice in implant dentistry concerning the TMD were discussed in the present study. The included clinical studies suggest that factors associated with the implant placement, such as long duration of surgical procedures, may represent risk factors for TMD. They also indicate long-term benefits of implant-supported restorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to investigate the background and discharge outcomes of the forensic patient population rehabilitated through a low secure forensic psychiatric rehabilitation inpatient unit. Currently within Australia and internationally there is a scarcity of research completed within this setting. A quantitative methodology was selected coupled with descriptive statistics to investigate a total of 23 patients and analyse their demographics, historical information, length of stay and post-discharge outcomes including readmission and breach of forensic orders. This study provides insights into this unique patient group and further clarifies their psychiatric treatment and biopsychosocial needs. A significant variance was found within patient length of stay throughout each stage of the forensic system. Low rates of readmissions and breaches of forensic orders were found. Additional research is needed in this low secure psychiatric rehabilitation setting to clarify the forensic pathways of care and needs amongst this cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the position and pose control requirement of the ankle rehabilitation robot, two schemes of 3-PRS (Prismatic-Revolute-Spherical) parallel ankle rehabilitation robots are proposed, and the analysis and simulation of the control strategy are carried out. Two schemes of 3-PRS ankle rehabilitation robots are statically analysed by the finite element method. Through the stress comparison of the two schemes, the stable one is determined. Three control strategies including the traditional PID control, PID control based on the genetic algorithm and adaptive fuzzy PID control are proposed. A multidisciplinary co-simulation platform is established by the combination of ADAMS, SOLIDWORKS and MATLAB, and the three control strategies are verified. The best control strategy for the rehabilitation robots is determined by comparing control effects. This study lays a solid foundation for research on the control of the rehabilitation robots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The young people on the wrong side of the law are incarcerated at specific penitentiaries known as Young Offenders' Rehabilitation Centres (YORCs) in Malawi. Using the good lives model and risk needs responsivity principles, this study sought to explore the perspectives of young offenders and correctional officers on the nature and meaningfulness of the offenders' rehabilitation at the five YORCs in Malawi. The study involved 340 participants in mixed-methods research utilising a convergent design. Specifically, the study involved randomly selected 290 young offenders (mean age = 19.8) in a descriptive survey, 25 ex-offenders and 25 correctional officers in semi-structured interviews. The key findings were that although most inmates were socio-economically disadvantaged, signalling the need for comprehensive rehabilitation, the study found that both inmates and correctional offenders viewed correctional activities in the YORCs as not inadequate. Thus, a few rehabilitative activities, such as education, farming and skills training, were haphazardly accessible at various YORCs. Many young offenders were forced to work in prison farms at three facilities disregarding their educational statuses. It was concluded that offender rehabilitation was not handled as a constitutionally mandated obligation in Malawi since the rehabilitation centres focused on security and agricultural productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatial neglect remains an underdiagnosed and undertreated consequence of stroke that imposes significant disability. A growing appreciation of brain networks involved in spatial cognition is helping us to develop a mechanistic understanding of different therapies under development. This review focuses on neuromodulation of brain networks for the treatment of spatial neglect after stroke, using evidence-based approaches including 1) Cognitive strategies that are more likely to impact frontal lobe executive function networks; 2) Visuomotor adaptation, which may depend on the integrity of parietal and parieto- and subcortical-frontal connections and the presence of a particular subtype of neglect labeled Aiming neglect; 3) Non-invasive brain stimulation that may modulate relative levels of activity of the two hemispheres and depend on corpus callosum connectivity; and 4) Pharmacological modulation that may exert its effect primarily via right-lateralized networks more closely involved in arousal. Despite promising results from individual studies, significant methodological heterogeneity between trials weakened conclusions drawn from meta-analyses. Improved classification of spatial neglect subtypes will benefit research and clinical care. Understanding the brain network mechanisms of different treatments and different types of spatial neglect will make possible a precision medicine treatment approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strobe/quad strobe glasses People with PD (and older adults) become increasingly reliant on visuo-cognition for mobility, which may require sensory reweighting training to overcome functional problems and improve performance. The "Senaptec App" is a portable training extension of the SSS assessment/rehabilitation, which can be used on a tablet within any environment and works on both Android and iOS platforms (Figure 1c). Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly affects both visual and cognitive functions, which is complicated by the fact that these functions are inter-related (termed visuo-cognition). If the findings demonstrate that the Senaptec solutions are useful for visuo-cognitive assessments and rehabilitation in PD, this would support their use as a potential means of objectively and comprehensively providing visuo-cognitive care for patients in a variety of settings. [Extracted from the article]

Pakistan's counter-terrorism (CT) strategy represents a combination of kinetic and non-kinetic means. Besides the use of military, intelligence and police force, the state has also employed de-radicalization, rehabilitation and counter-narrative campaigns to counter-extremism in its violent and non-violent manifestations. However, a significant decline in accumulative number of terrorist incidents from 2014 onward led the authorities to slash efforts and resources on soft CT front. Using "Three Levels of Analysis" by Moghadam, which dissects the root causes of extremism and terrorism at the levels of individuals, organizations and the environment, this paper seeks to provide a brief overview of the soft measures adopted by Pakistan at these three levels. Subsequently, through the application of the RAND's de-radicalization framework (individual-level), organizational transformation (organizational-level) and Aristotle's Communication model presented in Rhetoric (environmental level), the paper compares and contrasts these non-kinetic interventions with established practices and cases of soft CT in other parts of the world. It argues that quantitative decline in the incidents of terrorism from 2014 onwards must not lead to counter-terror triumphalism. Post-drawdown (American withdrawal from Afghanistan) spike in the incidents of terrorism in Pakistan attests to importance of sustained CVE efforts to deal with the new character of extremism and terrorism in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robotic-assisted upper limb rehabilitation might improve upper limb recovery in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) with moderate-to-severe disability. In the few existing studies, the training effects have been related to the type of intervention, if intensive, repetitive, or task-oriented training might promote neuroplasticity and recovery. Notably, most of these devices operate within a serious game context providing different feedback. Since feedback is a key component of motor control and thus involved in motor and cognitive rehabilitation, clinicians cannot desist from considering the potential contribution of feedback in the upper limb robot-assisted rehabilitation effects. In this systematic review, we reported the rehabilitation protocols used in the robot-assisted upper limb training in PwMS to provide state-of-the-art on the role of feedback in robotic-assisted Upper Limb rehabilitation. PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database databases were systematically searched from inception to March 2022. After a literature search, the classification systems for feedback and the serious game were applied. There is a need for sharing standard definitions and components of feedback and serious game in technologically assisted upper limb rehabilitation. Indeed, improving these aspects might further improve the effectiveness of such training in the management of PwMS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional methods of prosthesis fabrication are not efficient and user centric and are made for common purposes without focusing on individual demands of user which leads to rejection of prosthesis for long-term use. Utilizing advanced additive manufacturing techniques for fabrication of prosthesis makes the development process user centric and covers all the user demands thus providing better fit, comfort, and more stable gait rehabilitation for the user. The articles reporting fabrication of lower limb prosthesis and its socket are included in the study. Standard fabrication and additive manufacturing method are both systematically assessed by the reviewers. The review also covers the advanced methods of additive manufacturing that are presently being used for fabrication of rehabilitation devices. Additive manufacturing method of fabrication of prosthesis provides more flexibility for manufacturing prosthesis parts as per demand of the user. The fabrication method takes into account the residual limb and thus makes the prosthesis user-specific providing better comfort and fit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resilience contributes to positive adaptation after many health conditions, but little is known about its contribution to long-term recovery after stroke. This study investigated the lived experience of resilience and participation and their relationship to quality of life after stroke in Sweden. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 19 informants (10 male, 9 female), aged from 44–89 years and between 1 and 19 years post-stroke. Stroke severity ranged from mild (n = 8), moderate (n = 9) to severe (n = 2). Interviews were analysed using content analysis. The analysis resulted in an overarching theme; Life with stroke has been adapted to but not accepted, built on five subthemes: 1) Adapting and adjusting life, 2) Meaningful values in life, 3) Inner resources, 4) Support and treatment from social relations, and 5) Support and treatment from external resources. Participants described a tension between adapting and accepting life after stroke. Resilience was a useful framework, highlighting the contribution of inner, social and societal resources to recovery and quality of life, both directly and as enhanced through increased participation. Important factors for adaptation are meaningful values in life, individual strategies for adaptation and support from both social relationship and the society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Family Physicians; Guidelines; Post-Acute Covid; Pulmonary rehabilitation; SARS-COV-2 EN Family Physicians Guidelines Post-Acute Covid Pulmonary rehabilitation SARS-COV-2 1 5 5 11/14/22 20221201 NES 221201 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a frequent respiratory infection disease, as of November 16 SP th sp , 2021, 254728728 COVID-19 infections, and 5125685 COVID-19-related deaths (2.01%) had been reported worldwide (https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/). Therefore, an alternative including the CRR "minimal advice" that a GP should provide to long COVID-19 patients, seems to be necessary to respond to the needs of GPs to face their involvement with long COVID-19 patients. General practitioners should provide the cardiorespiratory rehabilitation' "minimum advice" for long COVID-19 patients Indeed, general practitioners (GPs) are on the front line in the management process of long COVID-19 patients because as the pandemic evolves, more and more long COVID-19 patients will be in need of treatment/assistance [[14]]. [Extracted from the article]

In recent years, a new rehabilitation programme has been developed on the Hudson Bay coast of Nunavik. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the experience of an occupational and physical therapy programme development in an Inuit sociocultural context. To do so, the challenges encountered during the first years following the implementation of rehabilitation services and the strategies implemented by the professionals to overcome them were identified, examined in the light of the literature, and discussed with members of the rehabilitation team. The challenges encountered and strategies implemented were divided into 10 major themes: (1) diverse clinical needs; (2) communication issues; (3) acquisition of cross-cultural interaction and population-specific knowledge; (4) adaptation of clinical practice to Nunavimmiut; (5) client engagement in rehabilitation; (6) professional isolation; (7) lack of awareness around the objectives and scope of rehabilitation practice; (8) use of culturally safe assessment tools; (9) staff turnover; (10) large geographic area to be served. This exercise highlighted the need to adapt clinical rehabilitation practices to Nunavimmiut’s worldviews and culture, as well as to adopt a reflective practice in order to improve the quality, relevance and effectiveness of rehabilitation services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endothelial dysfunction has been proposed to play a key role in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its post-acute sequelae. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is recognized as an accurate clinical method to assess endothelial function. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis of the studies evaluating FMD in convalescent COVID-19 patients and controls with no history of COVID-19. A systematic literature search was conducted in the main scientific databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Using the random effects method, differences between cases and controls were expressed as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The protocol was registered on PROSPERO with reference number CRD42021289684. Twelve studies were included in the final analysis. A total of 644 convalescent COVID-19 patients showed significantly lower FMD values as compared to 662 controls (MD: −2.31%; 95% CI: −3.19, −1.44; p < 0.0001). Similar results were obtained in the sensitivity analysis of the studies that involved participants in either group with no cardiovascular risk factors or history of coronary artery disease (MD: −1.73%; 95% CI: −3.04, −0.41; p = 0.010). Interestingly, when considering studies separately based on enrolment within or after 3 months of symptom onset, results were further confirmed in both short- (MD: −2.20%; 95% CI: −3.35, −1.05; p < 0.0001) and long-term follow-up (MD: −2.53%; 95% CI: −4.19, −0.86; p = 0.003). Meta-regression models showed that an increasing prevalence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 was linked to a higher difference in FMD between cases and controls (Z-score: −2.09; p = 0.037). Impaired endothelial function can be documented in convalescent COVID-19 patients, especially when residual clinical manifestations persist. Targeting endothelial dysfunction through pharmacological and rehabilitation strategies may represent an attractive therapeutic option. The mechanisms underlying the post-acute sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have not been fully elucidated. Impaired endothelial function can be documented in convalescent COVID-19 patients for up to 1 year after infection, especially when residual clinical manifestations persist. Targeting endothelial dysfunction may represent an attractive therapeutic option in the post-acute phase of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In clinical practice, treatment goals are often set up without exploring what patients really want. We, therefore, collected individualised treatment goals of patients with osteoarthritis (OA), categorised and mapped them to the World Health Organisation International Classification for Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). A longitudinal prospective cohort study was conducted (2019–2021). We used descriptive statistics and Chi2/Fisher's Exact Tests, where appropriate, as well as Kruskal-Wallis-Tests for the mean score ranks of the patients' goals. In total, 305 goals reported by 132 participants were analysed (267 women vs. 38 men). The top 3 ICF categories were sensation of pain (ICF:b280), mobility of joint (ICF:b710) and muscle power functions (ICF:b730). Overall, 51% of all individually reported functional goals were achieved after 3 months. Men were more likely to achieve their goals than women (p = 0.009). The majority of the "very important" goals (51%) and "very difficult" goals (57%) was not improved. Goals' mean score ranks significantly differed between baseline and follow-up. As the human lifespan as well as the number of people affected by OA worldwide increase, there is a growing need to identify and evaluate rehabilitation outcomes that are relevant to people with OA. Treat-to-target agreements between patients and health care providers present a step towards more personalised precision medicine, which will eventually lead to better reported functional and health outcomes. In patients with osteoarthritis, the Goal Attainment Scale instrument can be used to measure health outcomes at different time points and its content may be linked to ICF providing a unified language and conceptual scientific basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is associated with progressive dyspnoea and exercise intolerance, but despite the central role of physiotherapy on pulmonary rehabilitation, there is a huge lack of physiotherapy approaches used specifically for LAM patients. to identify the physiotherapeutic strategies used in the treatment of patients with LAM. This is a systematic review of literature. Searches were performed (in PubMed, Lilacs, Embase and PEDro databases) with the keywords "Lymphangioleiomyomatosis" and "Physiotherapy," and its variations. Articles describing physiotherapy interventions were included in the study. Data extracted from the studies were authors, year, country of publication, sample size, physiotherapy intervention, time/frequency/duration of intervention protocols, instruments used to measure results and main findings. Methodological quality of studies was evaluated by PEDro Scale (clinical trials), Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS; observational studies) and CARE checklist (case reports), respectively. A total of 82 articles identified, three duplicates were removed, 71 studies were excluded after title and abstract reading and four after full-text reading, all due to absence of association with the study topic. Four studies were included in the present review. Cardiorespiratory physiotherapy with endurance and resistance training were identified as physiotherapeutic strategies to improve lung function, functional capacity, depression symptoms and quality of life in LAM. Endurance and resistance training is the keystone for physiotherapy in patients with LAM, but despite the reported benefits, there is a huge lack of studies related to the modalities, safety and dosage of physiotherapy prescription for patients with LAM. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), a rare disease, leads to progressive dyspnoea and exercise intolerance; Physiotherapy can improve dyspnoea and exercise intolerance in LAM through endurance and resistance exercises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore how patients in biopsychosocial pain rehabilitation perceive encounters with interprofessional teams. The focus of this article is to explore how interactions can perpetuate or diminish chronic pain stigma. An ethnographic approach was applied to the study. Participant observation of interprofessional encounters and clinical encounters in a pain rehabilitation ward was undertaken in 2016 (19 weeks). Interviews with 12 professionals and seven patients were conducted. Data were analysed in an abductive process using thematic analysis. The patients perceived their encounters with interprofessional teams as supportive, with implications for pain stigma. This is presented as two themes: (1) being seen as credible, involving patients being believed in and a concept of being overactive at the expense of their own health, and (2) being helped to see their situation in a new light, which involves enthusiasm about changing and challenging views in a process with professionals who were supportive and united across professions. Interprofessional biopsychosocial pain rehabilitation may be an intervention that can diminish internalised stigma in patients suffering from chronic pain. The study contributes to increased understanding of patient perceptions of positive encounters with professionals during a learning process in rehabilitation and of the imbued influence on power relations. This appears to be fundamental to diminishing pain stigma, as the occurrence of stigma is dependent on differences in power. Interprofessional biopsychosocial pain rehabilitation can be an intervention for diminishing internalised pain stigma in patients. Knowledge on how encounters with professionals induce personal learning processes among people with chronic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Person-centred care (PCC) has considerable effects on the clinical practice of health professionals. The purpose of this study was to describe the perspectives and perceived barriers and enablers of individuals with stroke regarding the PCC model in stroke rehabilitation. A qualitative exploratory study was conducted based on an interpretive framework. Participants were recruited using non-probabilistic purposeful sampling and a snowball-technique strategy. The inclusion criteria consisted of: (a) individuals > 18 years, (b) diagnosed with moderate or severe stroke according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and (c) in the post-acute or chronic stage of the disease. In total, 31 individuals with stroke were included. In-depth interviews and researchers' field notes were used to collect the data. A thematic analysis was performed. Also, credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability techniques were followed to establish trustworthiness of the data. Thirty-one individuals with stroke (11 women) were included. Three main themes were identified: (a) The person behind the "patient" label, recognizing the person beyond their illness and valuing their identity and individual characteristics, (b) The person at the centre of care, considering themselves as an active agent in their own care and respecting their preferences and expectations for their care process and (c) Training for PCC, providing health professionals with tools to achieve professional skills for the implementation and development of the PCC model. This paper describes relevant aspects that health professionals should consider when providing PCC in the context of the rehabilitation of individuals with stroke. The individuals' perspective regarding person-centred care (PCC) has considerable effects on the clinical practice of health professionals. Individuals with stroke describe how there is a person behind the "patient" label, with identity, needs and desire to participate in decision making. Training in the PCC model helps healthcare professionals identify the needs of individuals with stroke during rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the feasibility, reliability and internal validity of natural language processing (NLP) for automated functional assessment of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in key International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) categories and levels from unstructured text in electronic health records (EHR) from a large teaching hospital. Eight human annotators assigned four ICF categories to relevant sentences: Emotional functions, Exercise tolerance, Walking and Moving, Work and Employment and their ICF levels (Functional Ambulation Categories for Walking and Moving, metabolic equivalents for Exercise tolerance). A linguistic neural network-based model was trained on 80% of the annotated sentences; inter-annotator agreement (IAA, Cohen's kappa), a weighted score of precision and recall (F1) and RMSE for level detection were assessed for the remaining 20%. In total 4112 sentences of non-COVID-19 and 1061 of COVID-19 patients were annotated. Average IAA was 0.81; F1 scores were 0.7 for Walking and Moving and Emotional functions; RMSE for Walking and Moving (5- level scale) was 1.17 for COVID-19 patients. Using a limited amount of annotated EHR sentences, a proof-of-concept was obtained for automated functional assessment of COVID-19 patients in ICF categories and levels. This allows for instantaneous assessment of the functional consequences of new diseases like COVID-19 for large numbers of patients. Hospitalised Covid-19 survivors may persistently suffer from low physical and mental functioning and a reduction in overall quality of life requiring appropriate and personalised rehabilitation strategies. For this, assessment of functioning within multiple domains and categories of the International Classification of Function is required, which is cumbersome using structured data. We show a proof-of-concept using Natural Language Processing techniques to automatically derive the aforementioned information from free-text notes within the Electronic Health Record of a large academic teaching hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Pulmonary rehabilitation is a cornerstone intervention for controlling respiratory symptoms in people with chronic respiratory diseases. Chronic cough affects up to 90% of people with chronic respiratory diseases, however, it is currently unknown whether chronic cough is assessed and/or managed in pulmonary rehabilitation. This study aimed to determine if and how chronic cough is assessed and managed in pulmonary rehabilitation. This was a cross-sectional study. Pulmonary rehabilitation programs in Canada were identified via online websites. A representative from each program was invited to complete an online survey including the following topics: program demographics, assessment and management practices, and barriers and facilitators. Of 133 programs contacted, 31 returned a completed survey (23% response rate). Approximately half (52%) of respondents reported enrolling patients with chronic cough. Of those, 45% reported assessing and 62% reported intervening in chronic cough. Inadequate knowledge of assessment and management techniques was commonly identified to be a barrier and increased education was suggested as a possible facilitator. Based on pulmonary rehabilitation programs that responded to our survey, chronic cough is a prevalent symptom; however, it is scarcely assessed and managed. A need for structured education and the use of standardised strategies were reported as facilitators to the assessment and management of chronic cough in pulmonary rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBackgroundAimResultsConclusionsSignificanceAcquired Brain injury (ABI) causes ripples throughout the occupational and social fabric. It enters people’s lives at a significant personal cost, encroaching on people’s sense of self. Vocational rehabilitation is a viable venue to regain control of their life and support them in forming a new sense of self. From an occupational perspective, little is known about how vocational rehabilitation can support people through transforming their sense of self.This study aims to explore how vocational rehabilitation may influence the relationship between sense of self and occupational engagement for persons with ABI. Material and Methods: Six persons with ABI were purposely sampled. Data were collected using semi-structured individual interviews and analysed using a hermeneutic approach.The analysis resulted in three themes: a new sense of my former self, engaging in occupations as transformation, and the significance of support.Participating in vocational rehabilitation can enable persons with ABI to form a new sense of self. Engaging in occupations and professional support is significant in the transformation process.From an occupational perspective, the knowledge gained in this study stresses the essential role occupational engagement and proper targeted support have for people struggling to return to work after ABI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equinus contracture is a serious disability and attention should be paid to proper and effective treatment. Most attention is given to neurologically impaired patients, but the incidence of equinus contracture is much higher, for example, in post-traumatic patients. In addition to conventional physical therapy, robotic rehabilitation treatment is one of the promising procedures to precede severe contraction cases and the need for surgery. This study aims to cover the description of different types of stationary and wearable ankle rehabilitation devices suitable for the treatment of equinus contracture and point to deficiency in research, clinical trials, and launch of the market. This review provides insight into ankle rehabilitation devices with a focus on equinus contracture. Due to the fact that robotic devices successfully restore the condition of patients, attention should not be paid only to those with neurological impairments. This paper points that future research should be effectively linked to clinical practice with the aim of covering a wider range of disabilities and make an effort to successfully introduce devices from development into the practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the United States, attaining the orthopedic certified specialist (OCS) credential or the orthopedic subspecialty credential of Fellow of the American Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapists (FAAOMPT), may lead to a higher level of orthopedic practice. It is unknown whether attaining these credentials influences physical therapist confidence in and frequency of engagement in prescription opioid medication misuse (POMM) management practices. A national cross-sectional web-based survey of PTs identified whether respondents had an OCS or FAAOMPT credential. Self-report confidence in POMM-related management practices and the frequency of engaging in these practices were assessed. Logistic regression evaluated association between credential status and confidence in, and frequency of, engagement in POMM-related management practices. The analysis included 402 respondents with a mean age of 41.0 (SD = 11.2) and 203 (50.4%) females. There were 91 (22.6%) PTs with a FAAOMPT credential, 143 (35.6%) with an OCS but with no FAAOMPT credential and 168 (41.8%) had neither credential. Compared to those with an OCS credential, FAAOMPTs reported greater confidence in, and greater frequency of engagement in, POMM-related management practices (p<.05). Compared to those without an OCS or FAAOMPT credential and compared to those with an FAAOMPT credential, those with an OCS did not report greater confidence or greater engagement in any POMM-related management practice (p≥.05). Obtain the FAAOMPT credential may increase PTs' confidence in some POMM-related management practices. Research is needed to determine why FAAOMPTs report greater confidence and engagement in POMM-related management practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reexamines the turning point from "confrontation" to "reconciliation" in the rehabilitation movement over the 2.28 Incident which began in the late 1980s, with a special focus on the role and accomplishments of Christians without any party affiliation. The initial action to accuse the Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) and launch a redress campaign against the KMT government was driven by an anti-government movement. Following the establishment of the 228 Peace Day Association in 1987, the "2.28 Justice and Peace Movement" was carried out from 1989. However, the "2.28 Shalom Service" initiated by Su Nan-chou in 1990 opened the initial gate toward reconciliation. The first victims' family association, the World Alliance for Concerned Citizens and Surviving Victims and Families, was set up by Su together with Lin Tsung-yi. Both played a significant role in transforming the rehabilitation movement from "confrontation" to "reconciliation." Lastly, Lin's five requests to President Lee Teng-hui (1. Publish an investigation report, 2. Issue a public apology and compensate families of victims, 3. Build a memorial monument and museum, 4. Establish February 28th as a national memorial day, 5. Establish a foundation) were achieved in the form of government-private sector joint task forces until 1997. As "practical idealists," Lin and Su devoted their efforts to achieve maximum results. What they chose was dialogue, not confrontation, and they transformed the rehabilitation movement from "confrontation to reconciliation," from their standpoint of being practical idealists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the EIA process and its effectiveness in addressing the impacts of a 190 km long national highway project along the Karnataka coast. We analyse the quality and relevance of the environmental clearance conditions established by the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) and discusses their potential implications. The findings underline that most of the conditions that pertained to the prevention of pollution, restoration of mangroves, and protection of biodiversity lacked a scientific basis and specific information required for effective implementation. The MoEF&CC also overlooked the social impact of the project and underplayed its own role in ensuring fair compensation to project affected communities for the loss of their land and other livelihoods. The paper concludes by promulgating a long list of irrelevant and ineffective environmental conditions that represent greenwashing because it could misguide affected communities and other stakeholders by creating the impression the state is exercising due diligence in protecting the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in developed countries. Due to population aging, the number of people requiring rehabilitation after stroke is going to rise in the coming decades. Robot-mediated neurorehabilitation has the potential to improve clinical outcomes of rehabilitation treatments. A statistical analysis of the literature aims to focus on the main trend of this topic. A bibliometric survey on post-stroke robotic rehabilitation was performed through a database collection of scientific publications in the field of rehabilitation robotics. By covering the last 20 years, 17,429 sources were collected. Relevant patterns and statistics concerning the main research areas were analyzed. Leading journals and conferences which publish and disseminate knowledge in the field were identified. A detailed nomenclature study was carried out. The time trends of the research field were captured. Opinions and predictions of future trends that are expected to shape the near future of the field were discussed. Data analysis reveals the continuous expansion of the research field over the last two decades, which is expected to rise considerably in near future. More attention will be paid to the lower limbs rehabilitation and disease/design specific applications in early-stage patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rising prevalence of hearing loss is a global health concern. Professional hearing services are largely absent within low- and middle-income countries where appropriate skills are lacking. Task-shifting to community healthcare workers (CHWs) supported by mHealth technologies is an important strategy to address the problem. To evaluate the feasibility of a community-based rehabilitation model providing hearing aids to adults in low-income communities using CHWs supported by mHealth technologies. Between September 2020 and October 2021, hearing aid assessments and fittings were implemented for adults aged 18 and above in two low-income communities in the Western Cape, South Africa, using trained CHWs. A quantitative approach with illustrative open-ended questions was utilised to measure and analyse hearing aid outcomes. Data were collected through initial face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, and face-to-face visits post-fitting. Responses to open-ended questions were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. The International Outcome Inventory – Hearing Aids questionnaire determined standardised hearing aid outcomes. Of the 152 adults in the community who self-reported hearing difficulties, 148 were successfully tested by CHWs during home visits. Most had normal hearing (39.9%), 24.3% had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, 20.9% had suspected conductive hearing loss, and 14.9% had unilateral hearing loss, of which 5.4% had suspected conductive loss. Forty adults met the inclusion criteria to be fitted with hearing aids. Nineteen of these were fitted bilaterally. Positive hearing aid outcomes and minimal device handling challenges were reported 45 days post-fitting and were maintained at six months. The majority (73.7%) of participants fitted were still making use of their hearing aids at the six-month follow-up. Implementing a hearing healthcare service-delivery model facilitated by CHWs in low-income communities is feasible. mHealth technologies used by CHWs can support scalable service-delivery models with the potential for improved access and affordability in low-income settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are limited non-invasive treatment options in the home environment for children with cerebral palsy (CP); thus, evaluating such treatment options is needed. We aimed to evaluate the effect of an innovative full-body suit approach for noninvasive surface electrical stimulation ES, the electro-dress Mollii®. The full-body suit was primarily designed to reduce spasticity and improve motor function through the mechanism of reciprocal inhibition among children with CP. This study involved seven experimental single-case studies with an ABAB design. Seven studies were performed among children aged 4–17 years. The primary outcome (spasticity) was analyzed using graphed data with a visual inspection, and median values were analyzed for secondary outcomes (mobility, sitting, upper limb activity, sleep, pain, and adherence to treatment). The study protocol was recorded at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04078321). Seven studies were analyzed, and the treatment with the electro-dress had little or no impact on the outcomes: spasticity, mobility, sitting, upper limb activity, sleep, and pain, in any of these seven studies. In conclusion, multiple ES treatment with the innovative electro-dress Mollii® revealed little or no observable changes on primary outcome (spasticity) in any of the seven studies. Further the possible impact on motor function is recommended to be further evaluated in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) remains a significant toxicity in cancer survivors without preventative strategies or rehabilitation. Exercise and physical activity-based interventions have demonstrated promise in reducing existing CIPN symptoms and potentially preventing toxicity, however there is a significant gap in evidence due to the lack of quality clinical trials and appropriate outcome measures. We systematically reviewed outcome measures in CIPN exercise and physical rehabilitation studies with expert panel consensus via the Peripheral Nerve Society Toxic Neuropathy Consortium to provide recommendations for future trials. Across 26 studies, 75 outcome measures were identified and grouped into 16 domains within three core areas – measures of manifestations of CIPN (e.g. symptoms/signs), measures of the impact of CIPN and other outcome measures. This article provides a conceptual framework for CIPN outcome measures and highlights the need for definition of a core outcome measures set. The authors provide recommendations for CIPN exercise and physical rehabilitation trial design and outcome measure selection. The development of a core outcome measure set will be critical in the search for neuroprotective and treatment approaches to support cancer survivors and to address the gap in the identification of effective rehabilitation and treatment options for CIPN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]