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AbstractThe mitochondrial genome of Cybister brevis Aubé, 1838, is 16,198 bp long and includes 37 genes that are highly conserved in the family Dytiscidae. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all genera in Dytiscidae, except Hydroporus and Oreodytes, are monophyletic. The Hydroporini tribe was found to be polyphyletic and closely associated with the Hygrotini, Bidessini, and Hyphydrini tribes. Dytiscinae was found to be a highly divergent polyphyletic group comprising three distinct clades. This study also revealed that C. brevis is closely related to Cybister japonicus and that the tribe Cybistrini diverged relatively early compared to other tribes in Hydroporinae. These findings are consistent with those of previous studies and provide new insights into the phylogeny of the Dytiscidae family, which has previously shown discrepancies between morphological characteristics and molecular data. The genome-level analyses conducted in this study serve as a valuable foundation for future investigations into the Dysticidae evolutionary history.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the Jeju ground beetle Carabus smaragdinus monilifer was analyzed to determine its structure, morphology, and other characteristics. The 16,737-bp long mitochondrial genome consisted of 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs. The order, encoding direction, and the initiation and termination codons of the 37 genes of C. smaragdinus monilifer were identical to those of other species in the family Carabidae. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that C. smaragdinus monilifer is clustered with Carabus lafossei. Herein, we have provided the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of C. smaragdinus monilifer to understand the phylogeny of Carabidae.

We determined the complete mitochondrial (mt) sequence of the Cocktail wrasse, Pteragogus flagellifer. The mt genome is 16,807 bp long and consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and two noncoding regions. All its mt protein-coding genes begin with an ATG start codon except for CO1, which begins with GTG. The order of the mt genes is largely identical to that of typical vertebrates, although the position of the TMF-regulated nuclear protein (trnP) is unique among known Labridae gene arrangements. The phylogenetic tree of Labridae showed that P. flagellifer is relatively close to Pseudolabrus.

The mitochondrial genomes of Seriola quinqueradiata and S. lalandi were 16,539 and 16,535 base pairs long, respectively, whose organizations were similar to those of other bony fishes. The sequence similarity of two species was 93% in the mitochondrial whole genome. Between each coding gene, rRNA, and control region, the highest similarity was 98% in ATP8 and lowest similarity was 87% in the control region. Phylogenetic analysis of Carangidae mt 12 protein-coding genes showed that Seriola and Carangoides do not form a monophyletic genus.