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We constructed and characterized the chloroplast genome of Viola grypoceras via de novo assembly of Illumina data. The complete circular chloroplast genome is 158,357 bp long and contains four parts: a large single-copy (LSC) region of 86,764 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 17,345 bp, and two inverted-repeat regions (IRa and IRb) of 27,124 bp each. Genome annotation predicted that this genome harbors 111 genes, comprising 77 protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and four ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that V. grypoceras shares a close systematic relationship with V. mirabilis and V. websteri by forming a basal clade in the genus Viola.

We have sequenced the Ziziphus jujuba cv. Bokjo chloroplast genome by de novo assembly using next-generation sequencing. The complete circular chloroplast genome consisted of 161,714 bp and contained four parts: a large single-copy (LSC) region of 89,323 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 19,361 bp, and two inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb) of 26,515 bp each. The genome annotation predicted a total of 110 genes, including 76 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the close taxonomic relationship between Z. jujuba cv. Bokjo and two other members of the Ziziphus genus, Z. spina-christi and Z. mauritiana. We found 135 polymorphic loci, 63 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and 72 insertion–deletion (InDel), from the comparison of Z. jujuba cultivar Bokjo and Z. jujuba reference (NC_030299). The polymorphic loci could be used for the differentiation of Z. jujuba genetic resources and for breeding in the future.

The complete chloroplast genome of Paeonia cv. Hwang-Moran (PHM), a yellow flowering tree peony, was de novo assembled and characterized from high-throughput next-generation sequencing data. The total length of the circular PHM chloroplast genome was 152,519 bp, including a large single-copy (LSC) region of 84,214 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 17,026 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 25,640 bp. The entire chloroplast genome contained 111 genes, including 77 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs, and four rRNAs. A phylogenetic tree constructed using the PHM and related chloroplast genome sequences revealed its close taxonomic relationship with P. ludlowii within the genus Paeonia.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Paeonia lactiflora was obtained by de novo assembly using next-generation sequencing. The circular molecule of the genome constituted of four parts, with 152,731 bp in the complete chloroplast genome, including a large single-copy (LSC) region of 84,402 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 16,969 bp, and two inverted repeat (IRa and IRb) regions of 25,680 bp each. The genome annotation predicted a total of 111 genes, including 77 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed the close taxonomical relationship to P. veitchii.