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Objectives: This article aimed to analyze the relationship between obesity and the efficacy of acute ischaemic stroke patients treated with IVT., Background: Stroke causes morbidity and mortality in large numbers of individuals annually. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT)with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) is currently the only approved by the FDA for treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. Researchers have focused on studying the mechanisms associated with ischaemic stroke. Obesity is an established vascular risk factor with increasing prevalence and a huge impact on public health worldwide. It is an independent predictor for ischaemic stroke with a 4% risk increase for each unit augmentation in body mass index (BMI). Therefore, obese patients will constitute an increasing subgroup of candidates for IVT. However, its impact on prognosis in acute ischaemic stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis did not reach a consensus conclusion., Methods: Systematic literature search of PUBMED databases published before August 2020, was performed to identify studies addressing the role of obesity in acute ischaemic stroke patients treated with IVT. Studies included randomized clinical trials, observational studies, guideline statements, and review articles., Conclusions: Obesity may be related to long-term prognosis of large group of AIS patients treated with IVT. It depends on the scale of clinical study samples, follow-up time, and evaluation criteria.

A large amount of biomedical waste is generated worldwide, and this waste is hazardous and infectious. The ultimate solution for the issue of disposal of such waste is incineration and then landfill. This incinerated waste is called incinerated biomedical waste ash (IBWA). After incineration, the IBWA is still toxic because of the presence of heavy metals and alkaline metals as they get leached out and have a lethal effect on the environment. This study aims at the use of IBWA in concrete as fine aggregate replacement material. The IBWA was given bacterial treatment to stabilise it against alkalinity and heavy metals leaching. Fine aggregate was replaced with IBWA with ratios having replacement levels from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Strength tests performed were compressive strength and splitting tensile strength up to the age of 365 days. United States Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) toxicity characteristic leaching procedure, SEM-EDS, and XRD tests were performed. Leachate generated from the concrete mix incorporating IBWA (with and without bacterial treatment) was studied, and the aim was to bind the metals to ensure that the metals leached out are within permissible limits.

A novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) emerged in China, at the end of December 2019 which posed an International Public Health Emergency, and later declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) named it SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2), while the disease was named COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease- 2019). Many questions related to the exact mode of transmission, animal origins, and antiviral therapeutics are not clear yet. Nevertheless, it is required to urgently launch a new protocol to evaluate the side effects of unapproved vaccines and antiviral therapeutics to accelerate the clinical application of new drugs. In this review, we highlight the most salient characteristics and recent findings of COVID-19 disease, molecular virology, interspecies mechanisms, and health consequences related to this disease.