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Purpose: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities need to participate in the development of health education material to gain connection with and ownership of concepts. This review extracted and synthesized evidence to answer the question: what processes are used to develop health education resources for adult Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, and what makes them effective? Design: A review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. Five databases were searched (OvidSP Medline, CINAHL, Informit, OvidSP Embase and ProQuest) and 438 non duplicate records were screened. Findings: Twenty-two articles were identified; 18 reporting qualitative studies, two reporting mixed-method studies and two discussion papers. No quantitative studies met the inclusion criteria. Synthesis of the evidence revealed five themes: collaborative relationships, community ownership, lack of evaluation, cultural sensitivity, and health literacy. Discussions/Conclusions: Limitations identified include barriers due to distance, time, and funding, and a need for cultural competency in mainstream health.