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A series of new quinoline derivatives has been designed, synthesized and evaluated as antibacterial and antifungal agents functioning as peptide deformylase enzyme (PDF) inhibitors and fungal cell wall disruptors on the basis of computational and experimental methods. The molecular docking and ADMET assessment aided in the synthesis of quinoline derivatives starting from 6-amino-4-methyl-1 H -quinoline-2-one substituted with different types of sulfonyl/benzoyl/propargyl moieties. These newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity. Antibacterial screening of all compounds showed excellent MIC value (MIC, 50 - 3.12 µg/mL) against bacterial strains, viz. Bacillus cerus , Staphylococcus , Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli. Compounds 2 and 6 showed better activity. Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) values of compounds were lowered by 1/2 to 1/128 of the original MIC values when a combinatorial screening with reference drugs was performed. Further, antifungal screening against fungal strains, viz. A. flavus , A. niger , F. oxysporum and C. albicans also showed that all compounds were potentially active and compound 6 being the most potent. Further, the cytotoxicity experiments revealed that compound 6 was the least toxic molecule. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation investigations elucidated the conformational stability of compound 6 -PDF complex with flexible binding pocket residues. The highest number of stable hydrogen bonds with the PDF residues during the entire simulation time illustrated strong binding affinity of compound 6 with PDF.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

To obtain guidelines for improving the quality of animal feed on production performance, rumen fermentation, and microbial population in goats. A total of 16 native-bore crossbred goats were used. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was planned to compare four supplementation forms. There were four different loog-pang kaomark fermented cassava chips and rain tree pods (CRFLK) at proportions 100:0, 60:40, 50:50, and 40:60, respectively. The results of this study found that rice straw intake in terms of kg was higher in goats fed CRFLK 50:50, 60:40, and 40:60. While CP, NDF, and ADF digestibility were increased in goat fed CRFLK 50:50 and 40:60. The concentration of acetic acid was decreased by supplementation of CRFLK ( p  < 0.05) whereas NH 3 -N and propionic acid were increased ( p  < 0.05) by goat fed CRFLK. However, CH 4 was decreased ( p  < 0.05) as a result of supplementation of CRFLK. The goat fed CRFLK decreased the protozoal population ( p  < 0.05). Moreover, the bacteria population was increased by fed with CRFLK ( p  < 0.05). This study concluded that feeding concentrate inclusion with CRFLK 50:50 and 40:60 resulted in higher propionic acid, CP digestibility, and lowest CH 4 production.

Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1), a cold shock domain protein, is one of the most conserved nucleic acid-binding proteins. The multifunctional human YB-1 is a member of a large family of proteins with an evolutionary ancient cold shock domain. The presence of a cold shock domain is a specific feature of Y-box-binding proteins and allows attributing them to a wider group of proteins containing a cold shock domain. This protein is involved in a number of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation and stress response. The YB-1 performs its function both in the cytoplasm and in the cell nucleus. In this study, we present the structure of full-length human YB-1 protein along with investigation of their nucleic acid-binding preferential. The study also focuses on biases for particular purine and pyrimidine bases. The overall goal of this study was to model and validate full-length YB-1 protein and to compare its nucleic acid-binding studies with previous reports.

Cold shock proteins (CSPs) are ancient nucleic acid-binding proteins and well conserved from bacteria to animals as well as plants. In prokaryotes, CSPs possess a single cold shock domain (CSD) while animal CSPs, flanked by N- and C-terminal domains, are commonly named Y-box proteins. Interestingly, the plants CSPs contain auxiliary C-terminal domains in addition to their N-terminal CSD. The CSPs have been shown to play important role in development and stress adaptation in various plant species. The objective of this study was to find out the possible nucleic acid-binding affinities of whole CSP as well as independent domains, so that role of each individual domain may be revealed in Arabidopsis thaliana, the model plant species. The structure of CSP 3 protein from A. thaliana was modeled by homology-based approach and docking was done with different nucleic acid types.

The cold shock proteins are evolutionarily conserved nucleic acid-binding proteins. Their eukaryotic homologs are present as cold shock domain (CSD) in Y-box proteins. CSDs too share striking similarity among different organisms and show nucleic acid binding properties. The purpose of the study was to investigate the preferential binding affinity of CSD protein for nucleic acids in Philosamia ricini. We have cloned and sequenced the first cDNA coding for Y-box protein in P. ricini; the sequence has been deposited in GenBank. Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analytics further confirmed that the deduced amino acid sequence belongs to the CSD protein family. A comparative study employing molecular docking was performed with P. ricini CSD, human CSD, and bacterial cold shock protein with a range of nucleic acid entities. The results indicate that CSD per se exhibits preferential binding affinity for single-stranded RNA and DNA. Possibly, the flanking N- and C-terminal domains are additionally involved in interactions with dsDNA or in conferring extra stability to CSD for improved binding.

A close study of Schopenhauer's central work, 'The World as Will and Representation', reveals that a number of Freud's most characteristic doctrines were first articulated by Schopenhauer. A thinker always expresses something of his culture, of course, but the parallels to be found between Freud and Schopenhauer go well beyond cultural influence. Schopenhauer's concept of the will contains the foundations of what in Freud became the concepts of the unconscious and the id. Schopenhauer's writings on madness anticipate Freud's theory of repression and his first theory of the aetiology of neurosis. Schopenhauer's work contains aspects of what become the theory of free association. And most importantly, Schopenhauer articulates major parts of the Freudian theory of sexuality. These correspondences raise some interesting questions about Freud's denial that he even read Schopenhauer until late in life.