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Based on mathematical modeling and numerical simulations, applicativity of various biofuels on high temperature fuel cell performance are presented. Governing equations of high temperature fuel cell modeling are given. Adequate simulators of both solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) have been done and described. Performance of these fuel cells with different biofuels is shown. Some characteristics are given and described. Advantages and disadvantages of various biofuels from the system performance point of view are pointed out. An analysis of various biofuels as potential fuels for SOFC and MCFC is presented. The results are compared with both methane and hydrogen as the reference fuels. The biofuels are characterized by both lower efficiency and lower fuel utilization factors compared with methane. The presented results are based on a 0D mathematical model in the design point calculation. The governing equations of the model are also presented. Technical and financial analysis of high temperature fuel cells (SOFC and MCFC) are shown. High temperature fuel cells can be fed by biofuels like: biogas, bioethanol, and biomethanol. Operational costs and possible incomes of those installation types were estimated and analyzed. A comparison against classic power generation units is shown. A basic indicator net present value (NPV) for projects was estimated and commented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on mathematical modelling and numerical simulations, the control strategy for a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid System (SOFC-HS) is presented. Adequate maps of performances with three independent parameters are shown. These independent parameters are as follows: stack current, fuel mass flow and turbine-compressor shaft speed. To control the external load, those parameters should be appropriately chosen. The control system is purposed to meet many constraints: e.g. stack temperature, steam-to-carbon ratio, compressor surge limitation etc. The aim is to achieve maximum efficiency of power generated within those constraints. Governing equations of SOFC-HS modelling are given. An adequate simulator for the SOFC module was produced and described. Based on this simulator, the control strategy was obtained. The performance of this SOFC-HS is shown in various working environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of various biogases as fuels for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) is presented. The results are compared with Natural Gas (NG) as a reference fuel. The biogases are characterized by both lower efficiency and lower fuel utilization factors in comparison with NG. The presented results are based on an 0D mathematical model in design point calculation. The governing equations of the model are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]