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In this study, nanofibers have been prepared through the electrospinning method in which chitosan- a natural polymer- and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers were used. Gluteraldehide (GA) was added into the solution as cross-linker. A certain amount of nanoclay was added between the layers of the electrospun nanofibers to obtain PVA/Chitosan nanofiber and nanoclay layer. After that, the fiber morphology and fiber dimensions of the PVA/Chitosan nanofiber and nanoclay were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). As a result, it was determined that the diameter of the fiber was between 110 and 140 nm. By FT-IR analysis, the functional groups in the structure of the nanofiber-nanoclay layer and whether the cross-linkers formed were examined. Finally, the change of temperature and the weight loss in the sample were examined through TGA (thermal gravimetric analysis) and it was observed that twostage degradation occurred, Özet: Yapılan çalışmada, doğal bir polimer olan kitosan polimeri ile polivinil alkol (PVA) polimeri kullanılarak elektrostatik lif çekim (elektrospinning) yöntemi ile nananolif eldesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çapraz bağlayıcı olarak çözeltiye gluteraldehit (GA) ilave edilmiştir. Çekilen nanoliflerin arasına nanokil konularak PVA/Kitosan nanolif-nanokil yüzey elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen nanokil katkılı PVA/Kitosan nanolif yüzeyin taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) görüntüleri alınarak lif morfolojisi ve lif boyutları incelenmiş ve lif çaplarının 110-140 nm arasında oluştuğu görülmüştür. FT-IR analizleri ile elde edilen yüzeyin yapısındaki fonksiyonel gruplar incelenmiş, çapraz bağların oluştuğu gözlenmiştir. TGA (termal gravimetrik analiz) yöntemi kullanılarak sıcaklık değişimi ile numunedeki ağırlık kaybı incelenmiş ve iki aşamalı bozunmanın gerçekleştiği görülmüştür. Anahtar kelimeler: Nanolif, PVA, kitosan, elektrostatik lif çekim, nanokilSynthesis and Characterization of PVA/Chitosan Nanofiber Added NanoclayAbstract: In this study, nanofibers have been prepared through the electrospinning method in which chitosan- a natural polymer- and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymers were used. Gluteraldehide (GA) was added into the solution as cross-linker. A certain amount of nanoclay was added between the layers of the electrospun nanofibers to obtain PVA/Chitosan nanofiber and nanoclay layer. After that, the fiber morphology and fiber dimensions of the PVA/Chitosan nanofiber and nanoclay were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). As a result, it was determined that the diameter of the fiber was between 110 and 140 nm. By FT-IR analysis, the functional groups in the structure of the nanofiber-nanoclay layer and whether the cross-linkers formed were examined. Finally, the change of temperature and the weight loss in the sample were examined through TGA (thermal gravimetric analysis) and it was observed that two-stage degradation occurred.Key words : Nanofiber, PVA, chitosan, electrospinning, nanoclay

In this study, nanofibers have been prepared from polyacrylonitril (PAN) polymer by using electrospinnig method which is the most common method to obtain nanofibers. Nanoclay doped PAN nanofiber webs were prepared by sprinkled nanoclay in spinning process of nanofibers which may be used to purpose of adsorption in other study. Diameter sizes and morphology of the produced PAN nanofibers including nanoclay were examined through SEM and it was observed that nanofibers have about 950 nm diameters. The chemical structure has been tried to be illuminated by using FT-IR and the presence of functional groups in this composition have been investigated. It was observed that there were peakbelonging to PAN and nanoclay within the structure of nanofibers. PAN nanofibers included nanoclay have been tried to be characterized thermally by using the TGA (thermal gravimetric analysis) method. In the studied range of temperature, it was observed that two-stage degradation occurred and the thermal degradation was not completed. It was determined that the PAN nanofibers were electrospun with nanoclay could be used as a new alternative adsorbent, Özet: Bu çalışmada, nanolif elde etme yöntemlerinden en yaygın yöntem olan elektrolif çekim (electrospinning) yöntemi kullanılarak, poliakrilonitril (PAN) polimeri ile nanolif üretilmiştir. Üretilen nanolifler arasına daha sonraki çalışmalarda adsorpsiyon amaçlı kullanılabileceği düşünülerek nanokil serpilerek nanokil katkılı PAN nanolif yüzey elde edilmiştir. Üretilen nanokil katkılı PAN nanoliflerin, taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile nanolif boyutları ve lif morfolojileri incelenerek, yaklaşık 950 nm çaplarında oldukları görülmüştür. FT-IR ile kimyasal yapı aydınlatılmaya çalışılmış ve bileşimindeki fonksiyonel grupların varlığı incelenmiştir. Nanoliflerin yapısında PAN ve nanokile ait piklerin oldukları belirlenmiştir. Termal gravimetrik analiz yöntemi (TGA) kullanılarak nanokil katkılı PAN nanolifler termal olarak karakterize edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışılan sıcaklık aralığında iki aşamalı bozunmanın gerçekleştiği ve termal bozunmanın tamamlanmadığı görülmüştür. Nanokil katkılı PAN nanoliflerinden sentezlenen yüzeyin, alternatif bir adsorban madde olarak kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir.Anahtar kelimeler: Nanolif, nanokil, PAN (poliakrilonitril), elektrolif çekim , SEM.Synthesis and Characterization of PAN Nanofiber Added NanoclayAbstract: In this study, nanofibers have been prepared from polyacrylonitril (PAN) polymer by using electrospinnig method which is the most common method to obtain nanofibers. Nanoclay doped PAN nanofiber webs were prepared by sprinkled nanoclay in spinning process of nanofibers which may be used to purpose of adsorption in other study. Diameter sizes and morphology of the produced PAN nanofibers including nanoclay were examined through SEM and it was observed that nanofibers have about 950 nm diameters. The chemical structure has been tried to be illuminated by using FT-IR and the presence of functional groups in this composition have been investigated. It was observed that there were peak belonging to PAN and nanoclay within the structure of nanofibers. PAN nanofibers included nanoclay have been tried to be characterized thermally by using the TGA (thermal gravimetric analysis) method. In the studied range of temperature, it was observed that two-stage degradation occurred and the thermal degradation was not completed. It was determined that the PAN nanofibers were electrospun with nanoclay could be used as a new alternative adsorbent.Key words: Nanofibers, nanoclay, PAN(Polyacrylonitrile), electrospinning, SEM.

Son yıllarda katıpartiküller ve sıvıların kaplanması için çeşitli metotlar yayınlanmaktadır.Mikrokapsülleme işlemi de bu metotlar arasında yer almaktadır. Mikrokapsülleme,sıvı ya da katı partikül ya da damlacıklarının polimer bir film malzemesi ilekaplanması işlemidir. Mikroenkapsülasyon teknolojisi yaygın olarak ilaç, gıda,tarım pestisit, kozmetik, tekstil ve diğer ilgili alanlarda uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, α-tokoferol (E vitamini) içerikli mikrokapsüller, jelatin ve arap zamkı polimerkarışımları kullanılarak kompleks koaservasyon yöntemi ile oluşturulmuştur.Emülsiyonu oluşturmak için yüzey aktif madde ve mikrokapsül duvarınaçözünmezlik özelliği kazandırmak için çapraz bağlayıcı kullanılmıştır. Polimeroranı, yüzey aktif maddenin miktarı, çapraz bağlayıcı miktarı gibiparametrelerin mikrokapsülasyona etkileri incelenmiştir. Mikrokapsüllerinmorfolojisi taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile karakterize edilmiştir.Mikrokapsülasyonu açıklamak ve kimyasal yapısını araştırmak için Fourier dönüşümükızılötesi spektroskopi (FT-IR), termogravimetrik analiz (TGA), yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografi(HPLC) gibi analizler yapılmıştır., Several methods arepublished for the coating of solid particles and liquid in recent years. Themicroencapsulation process is also included in these methods.Microencapsulation is a process by which droplets or particles of liquid orsolid material are coated with a film of polymeric material. Microencapsulationtechnology is widely applied in pharmaceutical, food, agricultural pesticide,cosmetic, textile and other related fields. In this study, tocopherol (vitamin E)microcapsules were formed by complex coacervation method using gelatin and gumarabic polymer mixtures. To form the emulsion as a surfactant and themicrocapsule wall to impart insolubility property as crosslinker was used. The effects of the parameters such as polymerratio, surfactant quantity, cross-linker quantity on microencapsulation wereinvestigated. Microcapsules morfology was characterized by scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM). Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), high performance liquid chromotography (HPLC)analysis were carried out to explain the microcapsulation mechanism andinvestigate the microcapsule structure chemically.