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Pristina in Central Balkans is the largest city and capital of today's Republic of Kosovo. The city that is home to a variety of ethnical factors has been dominated by many powers throughout history such as the Roman Empire, the Serbian Kingdom, and the Ottoman Empire. The city that was a non-Muslim residence area until mid-15th Century started to adopt a different demographical structure with Ottoman sovereignty. In this study, Pristina's demographical change in the almost hundred years from the second half of the 15th Century to the second half of the 16th Century is discussed and how the city gained its identity as an Turkish-İslamic city is assessed. In this scope, Muslim-Turkish residences built in the city shall be discussed along with new mosque and masjid established in Pristina, neighborhoods that emerged around the places of worship, connections of neighborhoods with each other, and demographics of residents in the neighborhood. Also, localization of Muslim neighborhoods in physical structure shall be presented based on recorded documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kayacık and its environs, which were seen among the districts of Saruhan Sanjak during the Ottoman Empire period, have been witnessed the settlements from ancient times, and entered the sovereignty of Turkish with Saruhanoğulları Principality. In our study, the settlements of Kayacık district and its population and foundation Works are examined comparatively in the light of the cadastral recordbooks with their features of the first and second half of the XVI. century. In the second half of the XVI. century, the population in the citycenter has increased approximately twice, while the population of the ruralareas is beginning to decline. In the firsthalf of the XVI. century, the number of villages with more than forty villages in the rural part of Kayacık district continued in these condhalf. In the district with a population of 5146 people in 1531, it was understood that there was an increase of 55 persons in 1575 and the population rose to approximately 5201. However, we also understand that the population decline in rural areas of Kayacık district has accelerate dover time and the town has lost its status and became a village today. It is believed that the study will contribute to the population and settlement history of the Ottoman Empire in the context of Kayacık district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, one of the important problems of humanity is the paradox created by the limitation of sources meeting the population growth and the needs of this population. On the one hand fast increasing population and on the other hand the presence of consumed natural sources requires new solutions for humanity. In this context, the solution is the sustainable development perception that can be summed up as the transfer of natural sources to the next generations before consuming. This understanding enables the humanity to sustain their current wealth and it claims that it can be done by the conservation of environment without giving up the development in the relationship of environment-development. On the other hand, sustainable development has an ethical dimension in terms of including the constraint demand of natural sources against today's people for the needs of next generations. In this study, development, environment and population subjects and the relations of each other will be examined in the context of environmental ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]