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Abstract Background Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a widespread mycotic infection that affects a large proportion of women of childbearing age. Its management in traditional medicine is based on the use of medicinal plants. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of Ocimum gratissimum L., Lantana camara L. and Pteleopsis suberosa Engl. & Diels used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Benin. Results The data obtained from the in vitro antifungal test show that the strains tested (ATCC 90028 and two clinical strains: 1MA and 3MA) were more sensitive to aqueous extracts with a better effect for Pteleopsis suberosa. This potential of the tested extracts correlated with their richness in total polyphenols. The extract of the Pteleopsis suberosa was very active on the inhibition of the reference strain ATCC 90028. On the clinical strains (1MA and 3MA) the aqueous extract of Pteleopsis suberosa showed a better MIC on the 1MA strain. In vivo model, inoculation of 100 µL of the concentrated Candida albicans suspension 1.5 × 105 UFC/mL induced the candidiasis of the female Wistar rat. The treatment with the aqueous extract of Pteleopsis suberosa, like fluconazole (reference drug), significantly reduced Candida albicans infection at a dose of 100 mg/kg after 1, 7 and 13 days of treatment. Conclusion This study revealed the potential antifungal of the Ocimum gratissimum, Lantana camara and Pteleopsis suberosa. Pteleopsis suberosa has better antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo. These observations justify the use of their medicinal plant in the traditional treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Benin.

Abstract Background The matter of antimicrobial resistance evokes the urgency to explore alternatives to the antibiotics traditionally used for microbial infections. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of action of the antibacterial effect of Khaya senegalensis liable for bacterial strains responsible for diarrheal infections. Results The data collected indicate that the bacterial strains tested (Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp.) were sensitive to the extracts of Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A.Juss. (aqueous and hydro-ethanol) to varying degrees. The hydro-ethanolic extract was active on all strains with a MIC of 25 mg/mL coupled with a bactericidal effect. The aqueous extract was only active on the Salmonella spp. strain. Membrane permeability test data show that Khaya senegalensis extracts affect the bacterial strains tested by attacking the stability of their outer membrane. This potential indicated by the high percentage of membrane destabilization of the bacteria is significantly (p