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28. Progress and challenges in advanced ground-based gravitational-wave detectors

Author

MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Barsotti, Lisa, Evans, Matthew J, Fritschel, Peter K, Gras, Slawomir, Mavalvala, Nergis, Shoemaker, David H, Smith, Nicolas de Mateo, Adier, M., Aguilar, F., Akutsu, T., Arain, M. A, Ando, M., Anghinolfi, L., Antonini, P., Aso, Y., Barr, B. W, Beker, M. G, Bell, A. S, Bellon, L., Bertolini, A., Blair, C., Blom, M. R, Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bortoli, F. S, Brown, D., Buchler, B. C, Bulten, H. J, Cagnoli, G., Canepa, M., Carbone, L., Cesarini, E., Champagnon, B., Chen, D., Chincarini, A., Chtanov, A., Chua, S. S Y, Ciani, G., Coccia, E., Conte, A., Cortese, M., Daloisio, M., Damjanic, M., Day, R. A, De Ligny, D., Degallaix, J., Doets, M., Dolique, V., Dooley, K., Dwyer, S., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Farinon, S., Feldbaum, D., Flaminio, R., Forest, D., Frajuca, C., Frede, M., Freise, A., Fricke, T., Friedrich, D., Frolov, V. V, Fulda, P., Geitner, M., Gemme, G., Gleason, J., Goßler, S., Gordon, N., Gräf, C., Granata, M., Gross, M., Grote, H., Gustafson, R., Hanke, M., Heintze, M., Hennes, E., Hild, S., Huttner, S. H, Ishidoshiro, K., Izumi, K., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kasprzack, M., Khalaidovski, A., Kimura, N., Koike, S., Kume, T., Kumeta, A., Kuroda, K., Kwee, P., Lagrange, B., Lam, P. K, Landry, M., Leavey, S., Leonardi, M., Li, T., Liu, Z., Lorenzini, M., Losurdo, G., Lumaca, D., Macarthur, J., Magalhaes, N. S, Majorana, E., Malvezzi, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G., Marque, J., Martin, R., Martynov, D., McClelland, D. E, Meadors, G. D, Meier, T., Mermet, A., Michel, C., Minenkov, Y., Mow-Lowry, C. M, Mudadu, L., Mueller, C. L, Mueller, G., Mul, F., Nanda Kumar, D., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Neri, M., Niwa, Y., Ohashi, M., Okada, K., Oppermann, P., Pinard, L., Poeld, J., Prato, M., Prodi, G. A, Puncken, O., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Reitze, D. H, Risson, P., Rocchi, A., Saito, N., Saito, Y., Sakakibara, Y., Sassolas, B., Schimmel, A., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M S, Schreiber, E., Sequino, V., Serra, E., Shaddock, D. A, Shoda, A., Shibata, K., Sigg, D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Stefszky, M. S, Strain, K. A, Straniero, N., Suzuki, T., Takahashi, R., Tanner, D. B, Tellez, G., Theeg, T., Tokoku, C., Tsubono, K., Uchiyama, T., Ueda, S., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vorvick, C., van den Brand, J. F J, Wade, A., Ward, R., Wessels, P., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Yamamoto, K., Zendri, J.-P., MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Barsotti, Lisa, Evans, Matthew J, Fritschel, Peter K, Gras, Slawomir, Mavalvala, Nergis, Shoemaker, David H, Smith, Nicolas de Mateo, Adier, M., Aguilar, F., Akutsu, T., Arain, M. A, Ando, M., Anghinolfi, L., Antonini, P., Aso, Y., Barr, B. W, Beker, M. G, Bell, A. S, Bellon, L., Bertolini, A., Blair, C., Blom, M. R, Bogan, C., Bond, C., Bortoli, F. S, Brown, D., Buchler, B. C, Bulten, H. J, Cagnoli, G., Canepa, M., Carbone, L., Cesarini, E., Champagnon, B., Chen, D., Chincarini, A., Chtanov, A., Chua, S. S Y, Ciani, G., Coccia, E., Conte, A., Cortese, M., Daloisio, M., Damjanic, M., Day, R. A, De Ligny, D., Degallaix, J., Doets, M., Dolique, V., Dooley, K., Dwyer, S., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Farinon, S., Feldbaum, D., Flaminio, R., Forest, D., Frajuca, C., Frede, M., Freise, A., Fricke, T., Friedrich, D., Frolov, V. V, Fulda, P., Geitner, M., Gemme, G., Gleason, J., Goßler, S., Gordon, N., Gräf, C., Granata, M., Gross, M., Grote, H., Gustafson, R., Hanke, M., Heintze, M., Hennes, E., Hild, S., Huttner, S. H, Ishidoshiro, K., Izumi, K., Kawabe, K., Kawamura, S., Kawazoe, F., Kasprzack, M., Khalaidovski, A., Kimura, N., Koike, S., Kume, T., Kumeta, A., Kuroda, K., Kwee, P., Lagrange, B., Lam, P. K, Landry, M., Leavey, S., Leonardi, M., Li, T., Liu, Z., Lorenzini, M., Losurdo, G., Lumaca, D., Macarthur, J., Magalhaes, N. S, Majorana, E., Malvezzi, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G., Marque, J., Martin, R., Martynov, D., McClelland, D. E, Meadors, G. D, Meier, T., Mermet, A., Michel, C., Minenkov, Y., Mow-Lowry, C. M, Mudadu, L., Mueller, C. L, Mueller, G., Mul, F., Nanda Kumar, D., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Neri, M., Niwa, Y., Ohashi, M., Okada, K., Oppermann, P., Pinard, L., Poeld, J., Prato, M., Prodi, G. A, Puncken, O., Puppo, P., Quetschke, V., Reitze, D. H, Risson, P., Rocchi, A., Saito, N., Saito, Y., Sakakibara, Y., Sassolas, B., Schimmel, A., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M S, Schreiber, E., Sequino, V., Serra, E., Shaddock, D. A, Shoda, A., Shibata, K., Sigg, D., Somiya, K., Sorazu, B., Stefszky, M. S, Strain, K. A, Straniero, N., Suzuki, T., Takahashi, R., Tanner, D. B, Tellez, G., Theeg, T., Tokoku, C., Tsubono, K., Uchiyama, T., Ueda, S., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Vorvick, C., van den Brand, J. F J, Wade, A., Ward, R., Wessels, P., Williams, L., Willke, B., Winkelmann, L., Yamamoto, K., and Zendri, J.-P.

Abstract

The Amaldi 10 Parallel Session C3 on Advanced Gravitational Wave detectors gave an overview of the status and several specific challenges and solutions relevant to the instruments planned for a mid-decade start of observation. Invited overview talks for the Virgo, LIGO, and KAGRA instruments were complemented by more detailed discussions in presentations and posters of some instrument features and designs.

Published
2017

43. Proceedings of the international session of the 26th annual meeting October 18–20, 1984—Chiba, Japan

Author

Kato, Y., Miyamori, H., Unoura, M., Ohmizo, N., Tanaka, N., Kobayashi, K., Hattori, N., Arakawa, Y., Amaki, S., Shikata, T., Liu, Bang-Hyun, Kanai, K., Morioka, S., Nishida, M., Noto, H., Takahashi, K., Matsushita, K., Beasley, R. Palmer, Hwang, Lu-Yu, Yano, M., Shima, M., Tsunoda, E., Koga, M., Minamino, T., Tsuji, T., Kagawa, K., Okuno, T., Takino, T., Kurihara, Takeshi, Obata, Hiroshi, Beasley, R. Palmer, Okita, K., Konishi, T., Kado, Y., Yokosuka, O., Omata, M., Imazeki, F., Ryuu, M., Okuda, K., Mitamura, Keiji, Chen, D. S., Sung, J. L., Lai, M. Y., Sheu, J. C., Hsu, H. C., Nakamura, T., Morizane, T., Tsuchiya, M., Kobayashi, K., Unoura, M., Okawa, K., Kobayashi, K., Kitano, A., Kuwajima, S., Hashimura, H., Matsumoto, T., Hiki, M., Yamamoto, S., Kinoshita, Y., Nagura, H., Shioda, Y., Tsutsumi, Y., Hasegawa, H., Watanabe, K., Kanoh, T., Nishida, O., Uchino, H., Miyake, T., Hishitani, Y., Bhargava, D. K., Shriniwas, B. N. Tandon, Kapur, B. M. L., Chawla, T. C., Kiran, Usha, Gupta, J. P., Jain, A. K., Agrawal, B. K., Gupta, Saroj, Chiba, M., Sasaki, M., Konn, M., Yamanaka, Y., Morita, T., Hashizume, T., Nara, K., Odagiri, H., Fujii, M., Ono, K., Nio, Y., Tsuchitani, T., Inamoto, T., Kodama, H., Tobe, T., Shi, Z. R., Kim, Y. S., Yamaoka, H., Nishiyama, K., Tajima, S., Fukushima, T., Tsuchiya, S., Kuroe, K., Kimura, A., Suwa, Y., Furukawa, H., Miyake, T., Watanabe, M., Yoshida, T., Aiso, S., Asakura, H., Tsuchiya, M., Miura, M., Hiwatashi, N., Fujiyama, Y., Kobayashi, K., Bamba, T., Hosoda, S., Benno, Y., Wakashin, Y., Wakashin, M., Mori, T., Ueda, S., Yoshida, H., Mori, Y., Okuda, K., You, Li, Wei-Fa, Ye, Yang, Guang-Xao, Ye, Wei-Fa, Nelwan, R. H. H., Gandhi, B. M., Gupta, H., Irshad, M., Chawla, T. C., Tandon, B. N., Cho, Mong, Liu, Bang-Hyun, Wu, Xie-ning, Tandon, Rakesh K., Srivastava, A. K., Kapur, B. M. L., Misra, R. K., Jiang, Shi-hu, Lin, Yan-zun, Liu, Bang-Hyun, Abdurachman, S. A., Hadi, Sujono, Bhargava, D. K., Agrawal, B. K., Bhat, K. R., Baoen, Wang, Madanagopalan, N., Solomon, V., Jayanthi, V., Raghuram, K., Kandasamy, I., Annapoorani, S., Gajarai, A., Panchanadam, M., Joshi, Y. K., Gandhi, B. M., Tandon, B. N., Hassan, A., Guntur, H., Soemarto, R., Rahardja, S. H., Soemarto, W., Baoen, Wang, Park, Keun-Soo, Liu, Bang-Hyun, Yao, G. B., Zhang, L. M., Wu, M. F., Tong, S. T., Tian, Y. F., Iwai, N., Kaneda, H., Tsuto, T., Yanagihara, J., Takahashi, T., Jinkun, Zhang, Jinkun, Zhang, Durrani, Hamid A., Gupta, J. P., Jain, A. K., Govil, A. K., Tripathi, V. N. P., Baoen, Wang, Shi, Z. R., Yin, D. Y., Wen, F. Q., Zhang, Jinkun, Panchanadam, M., Balasubramania, V. C., Are, P. S., Thyagarajan, S. P., Mahadevan, S., Dravidamani, S., Nigam, Pranesh, Agrawal, A. K., Kapoor, K. K., Lesmana, L., Sidharta, H., Marwoto, W., Akbar, N., Sulaiman, A., Sjaifoellah Noer, H. M., Gupta, J. P., Tantry, B. V., Jain, A. K., Sheu, J. C., Chen, D. S., Sung, J. L., Chuang, C. N., Yang, P. M., Lin, J. T., Hsu, H. C., Sheu, J. C., Lin, Y. H., Chen, D. S., Lee, C. S., Beasley, R. P., Hwang, L. Y., Nigam, Pranesh, Kapoor, K. K., and Gupta, A. K.

Published
1985
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48. Association between physical fitness tests and neuromuscular properties.

Author

Hirono T, Okudaira M, Takeda R, Ueda S, Nishikawa T, Igawa K, Kunugi S, Yoshimura A, and Watanabe K

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Young Adult, Electromyography methods, Exercise Test methods, Physical Fitness physiology, Muscle Strength physiology, Muscle, Skeletal physiology
Abstract

Purpose: While various fitness tests have been developed to assess physical performances, it is unclear how these tests are affected by differences, such as, in morphological and neural factors. This study was aimed to investigate associations between individual differences in physical fitness tests and neuromuscular properties., Methods: One hundred and thirty-three young adults participated in various general physical fitness tests and neuromuscular measurements. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Echo intensity (EI) was evaluated from the vastus lateralis. During submaximal knee extension force, high-density surface electromyography of the vastus lateralis was recorded and individual motor unit firings were detected. Y-intercept (i-MU) and slope (s-MU) from the regression line between the recruitment threshold and motor unit firing rate were calculated., Results: Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that knee extension strength could be explained (adjusted R 2  = 0.712) by ASM (β = 0.723), i-MU (0.317), EI (- 0.177), and s-MU (0.210). Five-sec stepping could be explained by ASM (adjusted R 2  = 0.212). Grip strength, side-stepping, and standing broad jump could be explained by ASM and echo intensity (adjusted R 2  = 0.686, 0.354, and 0.627, respectively). Squat jump could be explained by EI (adjusted R 2  = 0.640). Counter-movement jump could be explained by EI and s-MU (adjusted R 2  = 0.631). On the other hand, i-MU and s-MU could be explained by five-sec stepping and counter-movement jump, respectively, but the coefficients of determination were low (adjusted R 2  = 0.100 and 0.045)., Conclusion: Generally developed physical fitness tests were mainly explained by morphological factors, but were weakly affected by neural factors involved in performance., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2024
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49. Attractin deficiency causes metabolic and morphological abnormalities in slow-twitch muscle.

Author

Ehara A, Taguchi D, Nakadate K, and Ueda S

Subjects
Animals, Male, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Membrane Proteins deficiency, Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch metabolism, Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch pathology, Muscular Diseases metabolism
Abstract

Skeletal muscle fibers are classified as slow-twitch and fast-twitch fibers, which have different reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. Recently, Attractin (Atrn), which encodes secreted (sAtrn) and transmembrane (mAtrn)-type proteins, has been shown to be involved in free radical scavenging. Although Atrn has been found in skeletal muscle, little is known about the expression levels and function of Atrn in each muscle fiber type. Therefore, we investigate sAtrn and mAtrn expression levels in the slow-twitch soleus (sol) and fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles as well as the morphology and expression levels of antioxidant enzymes and functional mitochondrial markers using Atrn-deficient muscles. Both types of Atrn were expressed in the sol and EDL. mAtrn was mainly expressed in the adult sol, whereas sAtrn expression levels did not differ between muscle types. Moreover, mAtrn in the sol was abundantly localized in the subsarcolemmal area, especially in the myoplasm near mitochondria. Atrn-deficient Zitter rats showed muscle fiber atrophy, myofibril misalignment, mitochondrial swelling and vacuolation in the sol but not EDL. Furthermore, the Atrn-deficient sol exhibited a marked reduction in antioxidant enzyme SOD1, GPx1, catalase and Prx6 and mitochondrial functional protein, UCP2, expression. Even Atrn-deficient EDL showed a significant reduction in Prx3, Prx6, UCP2 and UCP3 expression. These data indicate that Atrn-deficiency disturbs ROS metabolism in skeletal muscles. In particular, mAtrn is involved in metabolism in the slow-twitch sol muscle and mAtrn-deficiency may cause ROS imbalance, resulting in morphological abnormalities in the muscle.

Published
2021
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50. Induction of aberrant agonistic behavior by a combination of serotonergic and dopaminergic manipulation in rats.

Author

Kai N and Ueda S

Subjects
Animals, Dopamine, Levodopa, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos metabolism, Raphe Nuclei metabolism, Rats, Serotonin, Agonistic Behavior
Abstract

Serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) are involved in the regulation of social behaviors. However, the effects of their interactions on social behavior are not well understood. In this study, rats received a serotonergic neurotoxin injection into the raphe nuclei and/or systemic administration of L-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), and their agonistic behaviors were investigated using the resident-intruder (RI) paradigm. Rats in the DA + /5-HT-group, which were administered both monoaminergic treatments, exhibited intense jump and flight responses to intruders. These behaviors were not observed in rats that received either 5-HT lesions or L-DOPA treatment only. To address the neural basis of these aberrant behaviors, we compared c-Fos immunoreactivity in the brain among the different groups. The DA + /5-HT-group had c-Fos activation in areas related to anti-predatory defensive behaviors, such as the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, premammillary nucleus, and periaqueductal gray. Moreover, this group had increased c-Fos expression in the ventroposterior part of the anterior olfactory nucleus (AOVP). To test the involvement of this area in the aberrant behaviors, cytotoxic lesions were performed in the AOVP prior to the monoaminergic treatments, and subsequent behaviors were examined using the RI test. The AOVP-lesioned DA + /5-HT-rats had attenuation of the aberrant behaviors. Together, these results suggest that the AOVP is involved in the generation of the aberrant defensive behaviors, and that 5-HT/DA balance is important in the regulation of social behaviors.

Published
2021
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