Search

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed to elucidate the distribution, ecological risk, pathways, and fluxes of these pollutants in and around the Seto Inland Sea, an industrialized coastal region of Japan. High molecular weight PAHs (5-6 rings) were primarily found in regions close to the bay estuaries, and their proportions decreased at distances further from the estuaries (offshore areas), where low molecular weight PAHs (2-4 rings) were more ubiquitous. Screening-level risk assessments revealed that the PAHs found in the sediments should have no adverse effects on benthic communities. A mass balance for PAHs in the Seto Inland Sea, calculated based on data collected in the field and published literature findings, showed the PAH flux into the Seto Inland Sea from atmospheric deposition were ca. 6 times higher than that from riverine inflows. Comparison of the amount of the PAH mass flux between the Seto Inland Sea and the sea of the Europe and Asian countries indicated that the Seto Inland Sea is less polluted than the Gulf of Lion, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Bohai Sea, China and more polluted than the Yellow Sea. This paper is the first to determine the fluxes of PAHs in the coastal region of Japan., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

A number of studies assessed the association of ring finger protein 213 (RNF213) gene polymorphisms with moyamoya disease (MMD), but the results were not entirely consistent. This meta-analysis was performed to explore the relationship between RNF213 polymorphisms and moyamoya disease in Asian population. A systematic search from the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ISI web of science, CNKI, China CBM and WANFANG DATA databases was conducted to retrieve published studies until March 2015. Statistical analyses were performed using the STATA12.0 software. Fixed or random effects model, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were used to improve the comprehensive analysis. Eight papers including 904 MMD patients and 2258 controls were recruited in the meta-analysis. rs112735431 was closely associated with the risk of MMD among Asian population in all genetic models (dominant model: OR 103.39, 95 % CI 52.25-204.55, P = 1.69e-40; recessive model: OR 16.45, 95 % CI 6.00-45.10, P = 5.33e-08; additive model: OR 61.49, 95 % CI 22.07-171.33, P = 3.32e-15), especially in the Japanese population. Subgroup analysis revealed highly statistically significant higher risk in the patients with family histories. Although another polymorphism rs148731719 showed no significant association with the MMD, rs138130613 was found to be related to the higher risk in Chinese population (dominant model: OR 8.34, 95 % CI 1.72-40.47, P = 0.008). Our meta-analysis strengthens RNF213 rs112735431 is closely associated with the increased risk of MMD in Japanese, and the screening combined with rs112735431 and rs138130613may improve the detection rate for MMD in China.