1. Selenium in Cancer Prevention
- Author
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Margaret P. Rayman and L. C. Clark
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cancer prevention ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Vitamin E ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Retinol ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Lower risk ,Gastroenterology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,Cohort ,medicine ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
The extensive experimental evidence, reviewed by Medina and Morrison (1988), and Combs and Clark (1997), indicates that Se supplementation reduces the incidence of cancer in animals There are over 100 published studies in 20 different experimental animal models of spontaneous, viral, and chemically induced tumours. In two thirds of these studies, a significant reduction in tumour incidence was reported and in one third of these studies, a reduction of over 50% in tumour incidence was observed. This literature indicates that Se supplementation in animals can reduce the incidence of skin, colorectal, breast, stomach, hepatic, oesophageal, oral, tracheal, pancreatic, kidney and lung cancers. Geographic studies have shown a consistent trend for populations with low Se levels to have a higher cancer mortality rate. Epidemiologic cancer studies in groups of individuals have produced more variable results, but the trend in most studies is for individuals with lower Se levels to have a higher incidence of cancer. A number of cohort and nested case-control studies have shown a lower risk of internal malignancies for individuals with higher plasma Se levels. A recent meta-analysis of cohort studies comparing the effect of serum Se, retinol, beta-carotene, and vitamin E suggests that Se has a remarkably consistent protective effect (Comstock, Bush, and Helzlsouer, 1992). Other
- Published
- 2002
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