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Controlling the interaction of wetting surface with biomaterials is one of the key challenges in nanostructures to promote non-toxic and one-step fabrication technology. Here, a range spectrum of surface wettability characteristics and nanostructure modalities were demonstrated with a single treatment of glutaraldehyde (GA) on polyvinyl alcohol, poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)-poly (styrene sulfonate) (PVA/PEDOT:PSS) nanofiber mats. By modulating the density of coral-like dendritic nanostructure formation functionalized on PVA and PVA/PEDOT:PSS composite nanofibers and the degree of cross-linking between PVA/PEDOT:PSS and GA, the normally super hydrophilic behavior can be modified to show increasing hydrophobic characteristics correlating with an increased concentration of GA. The results of this study indicated the possibility and applicability of wettability effects available to a single application process alone, where the unique anti-dust wetting behavior can be predicted by estimating the adhesion force (~ maximum value of 24.20 μN) of water droplet. As a result of these nanostructure formations, the water droplet can exhibit hysteresis (CAr = 38 ± 0.5°, CAa = 106 ± 0.5°) and adhere to the nanofiber surface of glass substrate. This task may contribute to its potential optimization for use in a large range of future surface treatment for bio-coating and bio-sensing applications.

This study presents a non-contact processing method of heating devices using maskless ultrafast laser direct structuring of graphene (G) films coated on the alumina ceramic (Al2O3) substrates for antioxidant capacity (ATC). The effect of ATC temperatures on the electrode structures of the electrical resistance and electromechanical properties of G-based multi-zone (GM) device was investigated. The fabricated GM device with four electrode structures could be regarded as an on-site heater in assisting preheating treatment. The required laser processing parameters of energy fluence, pulse repetition rate, and scanning speed were 7.02 J/cm2, 300 kHz, and 500 mm/s, respectively. For the GM heater, a steady-state temperature of 100 °C could be reached within 10 s under a lower applied voltage of 14 V. The experimental results demonstrated that the electrothermal performance of GM devices was used to control the ATC preheating process. The absorbance values of ATC ranged from 0.5 ± 0.01 to 1.07 ± 0.04 measured by a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 700 nm. Moreover, the absorbance value increased with increasing concentration of standard solution that the high absorbance represented the ATC solution with high reducing power. Successful operation of GM heater with a simple and promising technique should find application in laser-ablated G electrodes for an advanced inspection instrument of ATC.

The important status of guide ring in large power plants and its manufacturing methods were introduced. The advantages of manufacturing methods including welding and electrolysis were discussed. In order to ensure the brazing quality of the guide ring, ultrasonic nondestructive testing (UNDT) method was used in this study. According to the features of the defects that may show up during brazing, the feasibility and reliability of UNDT were proved in theory. Based on the theory, an ultrasonic C-scan imaging test method was developed using a water immersion focusing probe. According to the features of the inspected images, the defects were segmented using a morphology image processing based method. The defects can be localized and sized by employing the algorithm of area reconstruction. At last, the combination ratio of brazing interface can be calculated and the brazing quality of the guide ring can be evaluated.