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Cloud computing (CC) has many benefits, so its use has spread rapidly, particularly in the business sector. An important consideration in the acceptance of CC is whether the CC system is dependable, and it can differ among industry and service type. However, little research has considered the effect of dependability (composed of availability, reliability, security, maintainability) on CC acceptance. Especially, group comparisons between high IT-intensive (Hi-ITi) and low IT-intensive (Lo-ITi) industries have not been reported, nor have comparisons between software-as-a-service (SaaS) and platform-as-a-service (PaaS)/infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS). This study aims to explore how the dependability of CC affects users’ intent to accept it, with focus on how this intent is affected by intensity of IT use (by industry) and by the type of CC service used. To validate the proposed model, this study applied structural equation modeling and conducted multi-group analysis. A total of 230 business managers in South Korea represent the sample for our study. For the full dataset, the three dependability attributes (availability, reliability, security) do not affect the usefulness of CC, but do affect the ease of use of CC. The usefulness of CC is a determinant for positive intention to accept CC, whereas the ease of use of CC is not. Maintainability is the strongest determinant of CC adoption for the full dataset, and for all individual groups, except those that use SaaS. For Hi-ITi and Lo-ITi industries, results show that managers show no differences in their perceptions of the effect of dependability attributes (availability, reliability, security) on the usefulness and the ease of CC. The absence of such a difference in managers’ perception also applies to the relationship between two core variables of TAM (i.e., perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use) and behavioral intention to accept CC. For SaaS and PaaS/IaaS, managers have different perceptions of security on the usefulness of CC, and the effect of the usefulness of CC on the intention to accept CC. The findings can provide academic researchers and industry practitioners with a differentiated and in-depth perspective on the understanding and the spread of CC.

The role of emotions in all stages of the moral decision-making process has previously been addressed. Little attention, however, has been paid to how the decision-making process is altered when dissimilar types of emotions are suppressed. In four studies, we investigated the effects of suppressing guilt and suppressing shame on the moral decision-making process. Overall results indicate that suppression of guilt and shame influences each of the three stages of the moral decision-making process—judgment, intention, and behavior—differently. In particular, suppressing guilt influenced the three stages consecutively in the moral decision-making process. In contrast, suppressing shame directly influenced moral behavior without traveling through the stages of moral decision-making consecutively. Our results imply distinctive characteristics of guilt and shame—not only in their generative processes but also in their consequences, as well as in the stages of moral judgment, intention, and behavior—when they are suppressed. This finding has important implications for moral psychology, as it points toward a previously overlooked mechanism linking emotions to the moral decision-making process.

The purpose of the study is to investigate whether the association between emotion regulation and job stress is mediated by workplace relationship quality, and to understand the influence of culture in such a relationship. Structural equation modeling was conducted using the data collected from 271 employees in the United States (N = 156) and South Korea (N = 115). Our results demonstrate that relationship quality fully mediated the relationship between reappraisal and job stress. We found that the models of emotion regulation affecting job stress through the relationship quality are invariant across the US and Korea, indicating the possibility that the identified emotion regulation-job stress model can be generalized across cultures. The findings provide information to practitioners regarding how employees cope with stress and allow for the improvement of psychological well-being through application of the integrative mediation model related to emotion regulation and job stress. This study also extends extant psychological theories to explain how emotion regulation is associated with job stress, by demonstrating the mediating role of workplace relationship quality.

We investigated the relationship between anxiety and attention problems and rule-breaking in a population of subclinical employees and identified the moderating role of work adjustment. After screening 9938 employees at a power company, we obtained a subclinical sample of 269. Our results demonstrate that anxiety is related to attention problems and rule-breaking behavior, and that work adjustment moderates these relationships. Study findings extend our knowledge of adjustment in the workplace, which may act to protect technicians from factors that affect occupational functioning.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), the catalytic subunit of the enzyme telomerase, is robustly expressed in cancer cells. TERT enables cells to avoid chromosome shortening during repeated replication by maintaining telomere length. However, several lines of evidence indicate that many cancer cells exhibit shorter telomere length than normal tissues, implying an additional function of TERT in tumor formation and progression. Here, we report a telomerase activity-independent function of TERT that induces cancer stemness in glioma cells. Overexpression of TERT712, a telomerase activity-deficient form of TERT, in U87MG cells promoted cell self-renewal in vitro, and induced EGFR expression and formation of gliomas exhibiting cellular heterogeneity in vivo. In patients with glioblastoma multiforme, TERT expression showed a high correlation with EGFR expression, which is closely linked to the stemness gene signature. Induction of differentiation and TERT-knockdown in glioma stem cells led to a marked reduction in EGFR expression, cancer stemness, and anti-cancer drug resistance. Together, our findings indicate that TERT plays a crucial role in tumor progression by promoting cancer stemness through expression of EGFR.

Described is a program of research that uses rigorous methods to evaluate models of user cognition and action based on the construction-integration architecture of comprehension (Doane and Sohn, 2000; Kintsch, 1988; 1998). The models interrelate user environmental information, background knowledge, and current goals, and then spread activation throughout the interrelated information to simulate UNIX user command productions, aviation pilot eye fixations and control movements during flight, and army personnel intelligence planning. Models of individuals in the complex interactive environments are tested for descriptive as well as predictive validity. Comparisons of model and human empirical data have resulted in a high degree of agreement, validating the ability of the comprehension-based architecture to support models that can predict user performance. Evaluation methods are detailed and the importance of evaluative rigor is discussed.

Although human telomerase catalytic subunit (TERT) has several cellular functions including telomere homeostasis, genomic stability, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis, the molecular mechanism underlying anti-apoptosis regulated by TERT remains to be elucidated. Here, we show that ectopic expression of TERT in spontaneously immortalized human fetal fibroblast (HFFS) cells, which are a telomerase- and p53-positive, leads to increases of cell proliferation and transformation, as well as a resistance to DNA damage response and inactivation of p53 function. We found that TERT and a mutant TERT (no telomerase activity) induce expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and ectopic expression of bFGF also allows cells to be resistant to DNA-damaging response and to suppress activation of p53 function under DNA-damaging induction. Furthermore, loss of TERT or bFGF markedly increases a p53 activity and DNA-damage sensitivity in HFFS, HeLa and U87MG cells. Therefore, our findings indicate that a novel TERT-bFGF axis accelerates the inactivation of p53 and consequent increase of resistance to DNA-damage response.