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An acquisition campaign of macro-X-ray fluorescence scanning measurements on the vault of the Loggia of Cupid and Psyche, frescoed by Raphael and his workshop in the Villa Farnesina (Rome), supplied the occasion of testing the potentialities for such diagnostic tool/technique in studying wall paintings in situ. In this paper, the methodological approach is considered in depth, to highlight significant problematics deriving from nature of materials, painting technique and spatial peculiarities of this kind of artwork, as well as from the treatment and decoding of raw data. Data obtained through a single-spot XRF campaign, carried out during the past restorations of the Loggia, have been considered for comparisons. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2018, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei.

SIDDHARTA collaboration performed the highest precision measurement of the shift and width of the kaonic hydrogen 1s state induced by the strong interaction at the DAΦNE collider of Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati. The result provides vital constraints on the theoretical description of the low-energy \({\bar{K} N}\) interactions.

The DAΦNE electron-positron collider at the Frascati National Laboratories has made available a unique “beam” of negative kaons. The SIDDHARTA (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) experiment, successor of DEAR (DAΦNE Exotic Atom Research), aims at a precision measurement of the strong interaction shift and width of the fundamental 1s level, via the measurement of the x-ray transitions to this level, for kaonic hydrogen and kaonic deuterium. The final goal is to extract the isospin dependent antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths which contribute to the understanding of aspects of non-perturbative QCD in the strangeness sector. Other possible hadronic atoms measurements at DAΦNE are under study.

The DAΦNE electron-positron collider at the Frascati National Laboratories has made available a unique “beam" of negative kaons providing unprecedented conditions for the study of the low-energy kaon-nucleon interaction, a field still largely unexplored. The DEAR (DAΦNE Exotic Atom Research) experiment at DAΦNE and its successor SIDDHARTA (SIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Application) aim at a precision measurement of the strong-interaction shift and width of the fundamental 1s level, via the measurement of the X-ray transitions to this level, for kaonic hydrogen and kaonic deuterium. The aim is to extract the isospin-dependent antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths and to contribute to the understanding of aspects of chiral symmetry breaking in the strangeness sector.