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Zur Verhutung und Verminderung der berufsbedingten Gonarthrose hat die Berufsgenossenschaft der Bauwirtschaft das Konzept des insgesamt 5 Phasen umfassenden Kniekollegs erarbeitet. In einer prospektiven Vergleichsstudie sollte untersucht werden, ob und inwieweit die auf Nachhaltigkeit ausgerichteten Phasen 1 und 2 des Kniekollegs zur sekundarpraventiven Behandlung berufsbedingter Gonarthrose in der Lage sind, positive Behandlungseffekte mittelfristig zu erhalten. Insgesamt durchliefen 329 mannliche Beschaftigte aus dem Baugewerbe mit Kniegelenkbeschwerden die dreiwochige Phase 1 des biopsychosozial ausgelegten Kniekollegs mit den Schwerpunkten Ergonomie und Muskelaufbautraining. In den nachfolgenden 12 Monaten (Phase 2) wurden die Teilnehmer mehrfach telefonisch kontaktiert, um sie zur Weiterfuhrung des Trainings zu motivieren. Wahrend 206 Beschaftigte das Training in ausgewahlten Fitnesszentren freiwillig und wohnortnah fortfuhrten (VG 1) und sich 45 Arbeitnehmer fur ein individuelles Heimprogramm entschieden (VG 2), beendeten 78 Teilnehmer jede sportliche Aktivitat (KG). Nach Phase 1 zeigten alle Gruppen signifikante Verbesserungen der untersuchten Parameter Maximalkraft der Oberschenkelmuskulatur, Gangsymmetrie, Kniegelenkbeschwerden und korperliche Leistungsfahigkeit. Wahrend sich die Parameter in VG 1 nach 12 Monaten weiter positiv entwickelten, remittierten die Messwerte in VG 2 mit Ausnahme der Muskelkraft moderat. In den Messvariablen der KG lies sich hingegen ein deutlicher Ruckgang beobachten. Im Rahmen der Nachsorge zeigt das Training im Fitnesszentrum mit begleitenden regelmasigen Telefonkontakten positive Effekte. Bei der Rekrutierung der Teilnehmer fur das Kniekolleg kommt der arbeitsmedizinischen Vorsorge eine Schlusselrolle zu.

Die erweiterte ambulante Physiotherapie (EAP) ist seit vielen Jahren als essenzielles Element der medizinischen Rehabilitation der gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung fest etabliert. Originar biomedizinisch ausgerichtet, verfolgt die EAP seit 2014 einen ganzheitlich ausgerichteten Ansatz und wurde zur Erreichung der beruflichen und sozialen Teilhabe um weitere Behandlungselemente, wie z. B. die Ergotherapie, die psychologische Betreuung oder die Patientenschulung, erganzt. Die praktische Umsetzung der resultierenden erhohten Anforderungen der EAP wird dargestellt mittels bewahrter Handlungsempfehlungen wie Berucksichtigung des beruflichen Tatigkeitsprofils, Einsatz von Assessments und Vereinbarung von Reha-Zielen und anhand zweier Fallbeispiele erlautert. Nach Statistiken der BG Ambulanz Bremen gelten durchschnittlich mehr als 90 % der Patienten bei Beendigung der EAP wieder als arbeitsfahig. Die zeitgemase biopsychosoziale Ausrichtung der EAP ist als positiv zu bewerten, jedoch auch verbunden mit einem deutlichen fachlichen und organisatorischen Mehraufwand.

Die medizinische Rehabilitation muss sich nach heutigem Verstandnis an der Qualitat von Nachhaltigkeitseffekten messen lassen. In einer prospektiven Vergleichsstudie sollte untersucht werden, ob und inwieweit das auf Nachhaltigkeit ausgerichtete Modell der ambulanten arbeitsplatzbezogenen medizinischen Rehabilitation (AAMR) bei Gonarthrose in der Lage ist, positive Behandlungseffekte langfristig zu erhalten. Insgesamt 41 mannliche Beschaftigte (52,5 Jahre) aus dem Bau- und Metallgewerbe mit fortgeschrittener Gonarthrose absolvierten sowohl die 3-wochige intensive Aufbauphase als auch die folgende erweiterte ambulante Physiotherapie (EAP, 1-mal wochentlich) uber 12 Wochen (Stabilisierungsphase). Wahrend die Versuchsgruppe (VG, n = 22) das Training weitere 18 Monate fortfuhrte, beendete die Kontrollgruppe (KG, n = 19) jede weitere sportliche Aktivitat. Beide Gruppen steigerten nach Beendigung der Aufbauphase die Kraft ihrer Oberschenkelmuskulatur, die Ausdauerleistungsfahigkeit sowie die Lebensqualitat und verringerten Knieschmerzen sowie Funktionseinschrankungen (p

Regenerative Gaskreisprozesse, wie z. B. der Stirlingmotor, sind geschlossene Maschinen, in denen ein Arbeitsgas durch Zylinder-Kolben Anordnungen Energie von einer Warmequelle zu einem kalteren Reservoir ubertragt. Die Kanale der Warmeubertrager werden hierbei oszillierend durchstromt und weisen damit, im Vergleich zu stationaren Stromungen, hinsichtlich des Warmeubergangs und der Stromungsdruckverluste ein grundsatzlich abweichendes Verhalten auf. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wurden die Geschwindigkeit und der Druckverlust von oszillierenden Stromungen in Kanalen theoretisch und numerisch untersucht. Dabei sind sowohl kreisformige als auch rechteckige Kanale mit Reynolds-Zahlen im Bereich laminarer und turbulenter Stromungen betrachtet worden. Die numerische Simulation wurde in ANSYS-CFX realisiert und nutzt bewegte Gitter um die Volumenanderung der Kolben abzubilden. Die Ubereinstimmung zwischen analytischer Losung und numerischer Simulation fur den Fall niedriger Reynolds-Zahlen ist sehr gut. Wie erwartet zeigten sich deutliche Unterschiede zwischen der numerischen Simulation und der analytischen Losung bei hoheren Reynolds-Zahlen (turbulente Stromung), die aufgrund fehlender analytischer Gleichungen allerdings nicht validiert werden konnten. Durch Analyse und Auswertung der Einflussgrosen wurden dimensionslose Kennzahlen erhalten sowie ein halbempirischer Ansatz unter Verwendung komplexer Zahlen entwickelt, welcher die Zeitabhangigkeit des Druckverlustes approximiert. Die darin auftretenden Modellkoeffizienten konnen unter Zuhilfenahme der Ergebnisse der numerischen Simulationen bestimmt werden und erlauben eine Abschatzung des Druckverlustes ohne Verwendung zeitaufwandiger CFD-Berechnungen.

General expressions for the matrix elements of the tight-binding operator are presented using the Racah-Wigner algebra, where the wave functions are expressed as coupled multiplet wave functions within a given angular momentum coupling scheme. The knowledge of all possible Slater determinants is not necessary and the matrix elements can be written as compact expressions computable with arbitrary accuracy.

The out-patient department of the Bremen trauma clinic and rehabilitation center (which falls under the auspices of the Association of German Employers’ Liability Insurance Providers) has been developing instruments for a systematic change in the method of orthopaedic shoe provision since 2003. The formerly customary supply of made-to-measure footwear based purely on skilled manual production has been replaced by a phased supply model that also includes a three-dimensional scanning process. In the course of a pilot scheme, findings from 500 insurants from the Employers’ Liability Insurance for the construction industry have shown a considerable optimisation potential in terms of cost effectiveness, quality and satisfaction among insurants. Meanwhile, over 6000 supplies to insurants from all accident insurers have been made on the basis of this phased model (Bremer Modell) all over Germany. Moreover, cost and quality awareness has increased substantially among accident insurers.

BACKGROUND Measurement of regional atrophy of the corpus callosum and cortical grey matter may differentiate between primary loss of intracortical projecting neurons and primary fibre degeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). METHODS The regional corpus callosum area and cortical grey matter volumes were measured in 30 patients with the clinical diagnosis of probable AD, 20 patients with the clinical diagnosis of probable VD and 24 healthy elderly control subjects using MRI in two centers in Munich and Amsterdam. RESULTS Patients with AD showed significantly reduced volumes of cortical grey matter in all cerebral lobes and atrophy of anterior and posterior corpus callosum areas. In VD patients only occipital lobe grey matter volume and anterior corpus callosum area were significantly reduced. In AD patients reduction of cortical grey matter volumes was significantly correlated with regional reductions of corpus callosum areas, but not in VD patients or controls. CONCLUSION These findings support the notion that measurement of the corpus callosum and cortical grey matter atrophy may identify the underlying causes of cortical disconnection in AD and VD and may be helpful to differentiate between both conditions.

In order to investigate the cross-cultural reliability and independence of subscales of the Survey of Personal Beliefs (SPB) data from 751 undergraduate Psychology students (189 White South African students, 114 Black South African students, 262 Mexican students and 186 American students) were compared. Coefficient alphas for the subscales in all samples were low, ranging from .33 to .76. However, alphas for the total scale across all subgroups were high. A comparison of the rank ordering of alpha coefficients for subscales in the different samples partially supported the cross-cultural reliability of the SPB for White South African and Mexican students, and for Black South African and American students. The similarities across samples regarding intercorrelations and shared variance between subscales also provided some evidence for the possible cross-cultural independence of subscales of the SPB. Comparison of total and mean subscale scores showed no significant differences between males and females within samples. However, a significant effect for culture, with significant between-subject effects for all the subscales as well as for the total score, was found. This may be indicative of real differences in irrational belief styles between the groups or may be a result of the insufficient cross-cultural reliability of the SPB.

We have studied the fluorescence of electronically excited OH*, H* and H2O+* dissociation fragments after VUV excitation ( hν≥11.6eV) of rare-gas clusters (Rg = Ne, Ar) doped with H2O molecules. In contrast to a free molecule, where Balmer H-series dominate the UV-visible spectra, only the OH *(A2Σ+↦X2Π) emission band is observed in neon clusters. No emission of excited water ions has been observed. We find that while higher excitation energies (Ne vs. Ar) induce higher vibrational excitation of the OH*(A) fragment, the rotational temperature is lower. This effect is attributed to the difference in the geometric position of the H2O molecule on the surface or inside the Rg-cluster. The rotational relaxation in neon clusters is rapid while the vibrational relaxation is slow because of the coupling with the low energy matrix phonons.

This study investigated the outcome of cognitive restructuring for adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse in terms of clinically significant change. Twenty-six participants were assessed for depression, State anxiety, State anger, State guilt and self-esteem before and after 10 weekly sessions of group Rational-emotive behavior therapy, and at follow-up after 8 weeks. In contrast to a previous analysis of the data in terms of statistical significance, indicating significant improvements on all variables from pre- to posttreatment, an analysis based on clinically significant change showed a differentiated treatment effect. Cognitive restructuring was found to be highly effective in facilitating recovery on anxiety, depression and anger, but less effective for guilt and low self-esteem. Only 3 patients (11, 54%) recovered on all 5 variables, while 10 patients (38, 46%) showed recovery on at least 4 variables. Relationship to the perpetrator and pre-treatment irrational evaluative beliefs (measured by means of the Survey of Personal Beliefs) were found to be the best predictors of treatment outcome. A poor response to treatment was associated with the perpetrator being a close family member and with more Other-directed Shoulds, while recovery was associated with the perpetrator being a friend or stranger and with more Awfulizing, Self-directed Shoulds and negative Self-worth beliefs.

We describe photoemission results from pure and Sb-doped SnO2 nanoparticles deposited on gold substrates. Photoelectron spectra with synchrotron radiation were recorded for Sn 3d, Sb 3d and O 1s core levels and valence bands in the 500-1200 eV energy range. For pure SnO2 nanoparticles the surface is terminated by an oxygen rich layer with no obvious surface environment for Sn. When doped n-type with 9.1% or 16.7% Sb, dopant atoms are concentrated near the surface of the nanoparticles. The valence state of the dopant atoms is predominantly SbV. Plasmon satellite features are also observed in core level photoemission spectra and their intensity relative to the main peak increases with increasing photon energy.

To test the hypothesis that the irrational evaluative beliefs, postulated by Rational-emotive behavior therapy, are related to marital conflict, 17 individuals from distressed marriages and 20 from non-distressed marriages participated in the Articulated Thoughts during Simulated Situations procedure. Four scenes, representing different dimensions of marital conflict (power/control, boundaries, expressive investment and instrumental investment), were used. On all the scenes, the distressed group showed significantly more irrational cognitions than the non-distressed group, while the scenes elicited significantly more positive thoughts with the non-distressed individuals compared to the distressed group. The results also showed that the non-distressed group displayed significantly more positive than negative thoughts for all the conflict scenes combined. However, no significant difference between positive and negative thoughts was found for the distressed group.

This study investigated the effectiveness of Rational-emotive behavior therapy in the treatment of adult victims of childhood sexual abuse. A sample of 42 women, seeking help for their psychological distress associated with childhood sexual abuse, was selected by means of an assessment interview and the Trauma Sympton Checklist, and randomly assigned to a treatment (n=28) and a delayed treatment control group (n=14). The treatment group participated in 10 weekly sessions of group Rational-emotive behavior therapy and was followed up 8 weeks after termination of treatment. Repeated measurements were obtained by means of the Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Scale, State-Trait Anger Scale, Guilt Inventory, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction. Results indicated significant reductions in depression, State anxiety, State anger, State guilt and low self-esteem. These improvements were maintained at follow-up.

In order to test the hypothesis that the fear of flying is associated with irrational evaluative beliefs, as postulated by Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy for anxiety disorders, 15 fearful flyers and 7 non-fearful flyers participated in the Articulated Thoughts during Simulated Situations procedure. Six experimental scenes depicting some basic fears associated with the fear of flying and six supposedly non-anxiety provoking flight-related control scenes were used. The fear of flying group displayed significantly more irrational thoughts and significantly higher subjective ratings of anxiety on all experimental and five control scenes compared to the non-fearful flyers. Their negative cognitions were predominantly characterized by awfulizing and low frustration tolerance. The results are interpreted as offering support for the cognitive view that anxiety, and the fear of flying, are associated with negative cognitions characterized by a preoccupation with danger and with an overestimation of the seriousness of the perceived threat (awfulizing) and an underestimation of coping abilities (low frustration tolerance).

To test the hypothesis that the major evaluative beliefs postulated by Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy are related to marital adjustment, 50 married couples completed the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and the Survey of Personal Beliefs (SPB). Significant correlations were found between DAS scores and three subscales (Other directed shoulds, Low frustration tolerance and Self worth) of the SPB. On the interpersonal dimension of assumed similarity, females in the high dyadic adjustment group were better able to predict their spouses' awfulizing, low frustration tolerance and self-worth beliefs than were females in the low adjustment group. However, the present study offers only limited support for the hypothesis that interpersonal perception of irrational evaluative beliefs is related to marital adjustment.

A double-blind trial with pyrithioxine was made with 22 pairs of visually handicapped children who were equal in IQ scores and in chronological age. Although an improvement of abstraction ability was noticed, the overall results were not in concurrence with the general tendency in relevant literature.