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Moringa oleifera Lam., the miracle tree, is widely used as a traditional medicine. The analyses of phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of hydroethanolic extract of various plant parts of M. oleifera revealed that leaves possessed the highest content of total phenolics (9.58 mg/g), β-carotene (14.10 mg/g) and lycopene (2.60 mg/g). Flowers and bark showed the highest content of total flavonoids (3.5 mg/g) and anthocyanin (52.80 mg/g), respectively. Leaves also showed maximum antioxidant potential using nitric oxide scavenging assay (IC50 - 120 µg/ml) and deoxyribose degradation assay (IC50—178 µg/ml). Highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed in flowers (IC50—405 µg/ml). The GC–MS study revealed the presence of 29, 36 and 24 compounds in bark, leaf and flower, respectively. The major constituent identified were epiglobulol (41.68% in bark), phytol (23.54% in leaf) and β-sitosterol (15.35% in flower).The phytochemicals identified possess several therapeutic activity, including antioxidant potential, which was confirmed through earlier reports. Moreover, the presence of 1,1,3-triethoxubutane in all the plant parts analyzed, projects it as an important source of waste water treatment as hydrophobic modifiers.

The search for new insecticidal natural products is very important viewing the global incidence of malaria. In the present study, rotenoids viz., sumatrol, rotenone, tephrosin, rotenol, deguelin, and elliptone were identified from the plant parts and callus culture of Cassia tora L. Maximum content of rotenoids was observed in roots (1.96% ± 0.03) and minimum in the stem (0.52% ± 0.02). Rotenoid showed larvicidal activity against Anopheles stephensi larvae (LC50-120.61 ppm; P

Rotenoids are group of ketonic compounds having chromno chromanone ring structure. In the present study Rotenoids were isolated from various plant parts and callus cultures of Cassia occidentalis L., (Fabaceae), and identified using TLC, gas–liquid chromatography and other spectral techniques comparable to that of the standard rotenoids. The recovery of rotenoids was found to be maximum in the roots and minimum in stem. The isolated compounds were found to effective against Anopheles stephensi larvae with lethal concentration (LC50 and LC 90) as 110.73 and 206.79 ppm, respectively. Precursors were used to enhance the rotenoid production in vitro. Treatment dose of 0.05 mM of both Phenylalanine and Methionine increased the production 1.18 times than the control.

Structurally diverse morpholinyl/piperazinylbenzothiazines have been synthesized in quantitative yields by the reaction of substituted 1,4-benzothiazines with morpholine/N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine. 1,4-Benzothiazines were prepared by the reaction of substituted 2-aminobenzenethiols with β-ketoesters. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by their analytical and spectroscopic data. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against bacterial species; E. coli and Bacillus cereus. Some of the synthesized compounds have shown significant activity against microorganisms.