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This study represents a simple and facile method for the fabrication of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using Cephradine (Cep) drug as a capping agent. Synthesized Cep-AuNPs have been characterized using different modern analytical techniques such as UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and Atomic Force Microscopy. The estimated average size of synthesized gold nanoparticles was found up to 30 nm. These Cep-AuNPs has been used for the highly selective and sensitive colorimetric sensing for the mitoxantrone (MX) detection. The linear range of proposed colorimetric sensor responded to MX in the range of 10–100 µg/L. The detection and quantification limit of the sensor was 3.5 µg/L and 11.9 µg/L, respectively. The developed sensor was highly selected and highly efficient for MX detection as compared with other coexisting compounds such as 5Florourical, Capecitabine, Methotrexate (MTX), Zoledronic Acid. This developed sensor was successfully applied for the detection of MX from the real biological samples. The developed colorimetric sensor is sensitive, selective, cheaper and no need for sample preparation and easy to operate. No need expansive instruments.

In this study, cupric oxide–polyaniline (CuO–PANI) composite was prepared by two-step methodology. First step was involved in the synthesis of PANI by the chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline in the presence of (NH4)2S2O8 as an oxidizing agent. In the second step, 25 mg of PANI was used as template for making a composite with CuO by hydrothermal method. The crystalline phase, morphology and composition of composite material were investigated by the powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The composite material contained the monoclinic phase of CuO and some poor diffraction patterns of PANI. The composite material exhibits a flower-like morphology. The CuO–PANI composite was deposited on the glassy carbon electrode and used for the electrochemical determination of hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in Britton–Robinson (B–R) buffer pH 4.0 by the cyclic voltammetry. The HCT has shown a well resolved anodic peak at 1.20 V against Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The electrode kinetics was diffusion controlled and irreversible in nature. The CuO–PANI composite possessed a linear from 8 to 52 µM HCT concentration with a regression coefficient of 0.99. The limit of detection of the CuO–PANI composite was obtained as 0.8 µM for the HCT. The CuO–PANI composite is highly selective, stable and sensitive for the HCT. Therefore, we believe that the newly prepared CuO–PANI composite material can be useful for the different electrochemical applications.