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The most common surgical access techniques employed in patients with orbital floor fractures are associated with a risk of complications, such as implant infection, migration, epiphora, lower eyelid retraction, ectropion, diplopia worsening, retrobulbar hematoma, emphysema, “white-eyed” syndrome, enophthalmia relapse, hypoglobus, and persistent diplopia due to periorbital atrophy. Consequently, alternative access techniques precluding these complications have to be found. To assess the efficacy of transantral approach in the surgical treatment of patients with orbital floor fractures based on results of retrospective analysis of our clinical experience. We performed a retrospective study of medical records and X-ray data of 52 patients with fractures of the floor of the orbit, 18 to 68 years old, treated using transantral approach as described in the article. Titanium plates of special shape were used for orbital floor reconstruction. In 94.2% of the cases, adequate restoration of the floor of the orbit was achieved. It led to regression of the ocular signs. In 4 patients, diplopia remained in extreme gaze positions, which did not require surgical correction. The failed cases were related to incorrect positioning of the plate or fixing screws. No inflammatory complications were observed. Transantral access approach may be a technique of choice in treating patients with orbital floor fractures; it is safe, minimally traumatic, and effective in the early posttraumatic period when the injured area is located in the posterior parts of the floor of the orbit.

The paper deals with convolution type integral equations of the first kind. For exact solutions it is typical that the solutions are discontinuous or unbounded. The aim of the paper is to construct approximate solutions which may also be discontinuous or unbounded. A priori information about the solution and estimates for the approximate solutions, as well as for the differences between the approximate solution and the exact one, are given in terms of Nikol'skii-Besov spaces with differentiation of fractional orders. Bibliography: 8 titles.

The output of the device is 15-20 m3/h. The use of the twin shaft breaking-up mechanism releases one worker in the summer time and two in the winter. The device may be used in structural ceramics factories where box feeders are used for feed and batch materials. These devices have already been introduced in five factories of our association. The annual saving from their use was about 3000 rubles at each factory.