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The room temperature aerosol deposition method is especially promising for the rapid deposition of ceramic thick films, making it interesting for functional components in energy, mobility, and telecommunications applications. Despite this, a number of challenges remain, such as an enhanced electrical conductivity and internal residual stresses in as-deposited films. In this work, a novel technique that integrates a sacrificial water-soluble buffer layer was used to fabricate freestanding ceramic thick films, which allows for direct observation of the film without influence of the substrate or prior thermal treatment. Here, the temperature-dependent chemical and structural relaxation phenomena in freestanding BaTiO3 films were directly investigated by characterizing the thermal expansion properties and temperature-dependent crystal structure as a function of oxygen partial pressure, where a clear nonlinear, hysteretic contraction was observed during heating, which is understood to be influenced by lattice defects. As such, aliovalent doping and atmosphere-dependent annealing experiments were used to demonstrate the influence of local chemical redistribution and oxygen vacancies on the thermal expansion, leading to insight into the origin of the high room temperature conductivity of as-deposited films as well as greater insight into the influence of the induced chemical, structural, and microstructural changes in room temperature deposited functional ceramic thick films. Graphical abstract

With the advent of CAD-CAM technology, it is essential to examine factors that affect outcomes of restorations fabricated by the new methodologies. This report assesses and compares ceramic crown fabrication systems to determine what factors affect marginal fit and provide solutions for better outcomes. The review revealed key scientific evidence about what factors influence the marginal fit of CAD-CAM ceramic restorations. Solutions were recommended to help the clinician achieve greater long-term success when providing this treatment to their patients. The dental microscope enables the dental practitioner to achieve improved clinical outcomes in all phases of restorative dentistry, especially CAD-CAM restorations.