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Background Genetic risks may predispose individuals to major mood disorders differently. This study investigated the gene polymorphisms of previously reported candidate genes for major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BPD) in the Han Chinese population. Methods Twenty loci of 13 candidate genes were detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in 439 patients with MDD, 600 patients with BPD, and 464 healthy controls. The distribution of genotypes in alleles, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and genetic association were analyzed using the PLINK software. The linkage of disequilibrium and haplotype analyses were performed using the Haploview software. Results Out of the 20 loci analyzed, CYP2C19-rs4986893, ABCB1-rs1045642, and SCN2A-rs17183814 passed Bonferroni correction; their statistical powers were > 55%. The minor allele frequencies (MAF) of CYP2C19-rs4986893 in the MDD group (0.0547) and BPD group (0.0533) were higher than that of the control group (0.0259, P ABCB1-rs1045642 were observed in both MDD (0.3599, OR = 0.726) and BPD (0.3700, OR = 0.758) groups than controls (0.4364, P SCN2A-rs17183814 than controls (0.1743 vs. 0.1207, OR = 1.538, P CYP2C19-rs4986893 and -rs4244285 was associated with BPD (OR = 1.361, P P P CYP2C19 intermediate metabolizer and poor metabolizer (IM&PM) status was related to the raised risk of both MDD (OR = 1.547, P P Conclusion Our data indicate that the impaired CYP2C19 metabolism caused by the haplotypes integrated by CYP2C19 alleles might confer the risk to MDD and BPD, whereas the ABCB1-rs1045642 T allele serves as a protective factor.

In this paper, a trench-assisted large-mode-field-area multi-core fiber with an air-hole structure composed of 21 conventional fiber cores and 16 air holes is proposed, and it can realize dual-mode transmission. By adjusting the structural parameters, the effective mode field area of fundamental mode can be up to 1916.042 µm2 at 1550 nm. In addition, the fiber has good bending characteristics by adding a trench with a lower refractive index than the cladding. When the bending radius is 1.4 cm, the bending loss is low to 2.96 × 10–3 dB/m. This fiber is of great significance for the design of bending insensitive fiber.