4 results on '"Karen MacDonell"'
Search Results
2. Implementing a school-based HIV prevention program during public health emergencies: lessons learned in The Bahamas
- Author
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Lynette Deveaux, Elizabeth Schieber, Lesley Cottrell, Regina Firpo-Triplett, Richard Adderley, Karen MacDonell, Nikkiah Forbes, and Bo Wang
- Subjects
Adolescent ,Bahamas ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,COVID-19 ,HIV Infections ,Health Informatics ,General Medicine ,Humans ,Public Health ,Emergencies ,Child ,Pandemics ,School Health Services - Abstract
Background Natural disasters and public health crises can disrupt communities’ capacities to implement important public health programs. A nationwide implementation of an evidence-based HIV prevention program, Focus on Youth in The Caribbean (FOYC) and Caribbean Informed Parents and Children Together (CImPACT), in The Bahamas was disrupted by Hurricane Dorian and the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in its more remote, Family Islands. We explored the teacher- and school-level factors that affected implementation of the program in these islands during those disruptions. Methods Data were collected from 47 Grade 6 teachers and 984 students in 34 government elementary schools during the 2020–2021 school year. Teachers completed a pre-implementation questionnaire to record their characteristics and perceptions that might affect their implementation fidelity and an annual program training workshop. School coordinators and high-performing teachers acting as mentors received additional training to provide teachers with monitoring, feedback, and additional support. Teachers submitted data on their completion of the 9 sessions and 35 core activities of FOYC + CImPACT. The fidelity outcomes were the number of sessions and core activities taught by teachers. Results On average, teachers taught 60% of sessions and 53% of core activities. Teachers with “very good” school coordinators (34% of teachers) taught more activities than those with “satisfactory” (43%) or no (34%) school coordinator (27.5 vs. 16.8 vs. 14.8, F = 12.86, P < 0.001). Teachers who had attended online training or both online and in-person training taught more sessions (6.1 vs. 6.2 vs. 3.6, F = 4.76, P < 0.01) and more core activities (21.1 vs. 20.8 vs. 12.6, F = 3.35, P < 0.05) than those who received no training. Teachers’ implementation was associated with improved student outcomes (preventive reproductive health skills, self-efficacy, and intention). Conclusions The Hurricane Dorian and the COVID-19 pandemic greatly disrupted education in The Bahamas Family Islands and affected implementation of FOYC + CImPACT. However, we identified several strategies that supported teachers’ implementation following these events. Teacher training and implementation monitoring increased implementation fidelity despite external challenges, and students achieved the desired learning outcomes. These strategies can better support teachers’ implementation of school-based interventions during future crises.
- Published
- 2022
3. Healthy Choices Intervention is Associated with Reductions in Stigma Among Youth Living with HIV in the United States (ATN 129)
- Author
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Henna Budhwani, Sylvie Naar, Gabriel Robles, Tyrel J. Starks, Karen MacDonell, and Veronica Dinaj
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Social Psychology ,Latent growth modeling ,business.industry ,Health Status ,Public health ,Social Stigma ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Motivational interviewing ,Psychological intervention ,Stigma (botany) ,HIV Infections ,United States ,Article ,law.invention ,Adolescent medicine ,Health psychology ,Infectious Diseases ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,medicine ,Humans ,business ,Demography - Abstract
Considering the lack of validated stigma reduction interventions for youth living with HIV (YLWH), we evaluated effects of the Healthy Choices intervention on HIV-related stigma among YLWH. We analyzed data from the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network protocol 129, multi-site randomized controlled trial, applying latent growth curve modeling with two linear slopes estimating changes in Berger's Stigma Scale pre-intervention, 16, 28, and 52 weeks post-intervention, as well as the trajectory of stigma scores over the follow-up period (N = 183). Expected value for the growth intercept was statistically significant (BTeniendo en cuenta la falta de intervenciones validadas de reducción del estigma para los jóvenes que viven con el VIH (PVVS), evaluamos los efectos de la intervención Healthy Choices sobre el estigma entre los PVVS. Analizamos los datos del ensayo controlado aleatorio de múltiples sitios del protocolo 129 de Adolescent Medicine Trials Network, aplicando un modelo de curva de crecimiento latente con dos pendientes lineales que estiman los cambios de Berger’s Stigma Scale antes de la intervención, ya a las 16, 28 y 52 semanas después de la intervención, así como la trayectoria de los niveles de estigma durante el período de seguimiento (N = 183). El valor esperado para el intercepto de crecimiento fue estadísticamente significativo (B
- Published
- 2020
4. The Impact of Cell Phone Support on Psychosocial Outcomes for Youth Living with HIV Nonadherent to Antiretroviral Therapy
- Author
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Johanna Olson-Kennedy, Marvin Belzer, Jacob J. van den Berg, Nadia Dowshen, Jiahong Xu, Karen MacDonell, Leslie F. Clark, Caitlin S. Sayegh, and Sylvie Naar
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Gerontology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Social Psychology ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Reminder Systems ,Psychological intervention ,HIV Infections ,Pilot Projects ,Article ,Medication Adherence ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Phone ,Humans ,Pain Management ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Self-efficacy ,030505 public health ,business.industry ,Public health ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Self Efficacy ,Telemedicine ,Health psychology ,Treatment Outcome ,Infectious Diseases ,Patient Compliance ,Female ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Psychosocial ,Cell Phone - Abstract
Mobile health interventions to promote adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents and young adults living with HIV represent a promising strategy. This pilot study (N = 37) evaluated the psychosocial impacts of an efficacious adherence intervention, cell phone support (CPS). Participants receiving CPS reported significant decreases in perceived stress, depression, and illicit substance use, and increases in self-efficacy during at least one study assessment period, in comparison to participants receiving usual care. Future research using a larger sample should test for mediators of treatment efficacy to further characterize how cell phone interventions impact adherence.
- Published
- 2018
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