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A practice guideline aimed at standardizing the treatment for childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is presented. This consensus guideline is based on a survey carried out via a questionnaire prepared by the ITP Committee of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Hematology and sent to society members. The survey questionnaire included questions on the diagnosis of ITP submitted for the purpose of revising the ITP diagnostic guideline prepared in 1990 by the Research Group for Intractable Hematopoietic Disorders; a revised diagnostic guideline also is presented.

The pathogenesis of the anemia of chronic renal failure is multifactorial. Anabolic steroid has been reported to be of therapeutic value, but it is difficult to use because of its side effect especially in children. We used an analog of activated vitamin D (1α-OH-D3) in 6 haemodialysis patients with anemia. After lα-OH-D3 treatment, hemoglobin and hematocrit values didn't change in these patients, but frequency of blood transfusion has been decreased. We examined serum erythropoietin by in vitro bioassay and haemoaggulutination inhibition assay. And we also examined the effect of various vitamin D metabolites on in vitro growth of granulopoietic and erythropoietic colonies. lα-OH-D3 is suspected to have anabolic steroid like effect.