Search

Evasion of antitumor immunity and resistance to therapies in solid tumors are aided by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). We found that TME factors, such as regulatory T cells and adenosine, downregulated type I interferon receptor IFNAR1 on CD8

Background Heart failure (HF) is one of the diseases that seriously threaten human health today and its mechanisms are very complex. Our study aims to confirm the optimal dose ISO-induced chronic heart failure mice model for better study of HF-related mechanisms and treatments in the future. Methods C57BL/6 mice were used to establish mice model of chronic heart failure. We injected isoproterenol subcutaneously in a dose gradient of 250 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg. Echocardiography and ELISA were performed to figure out the occurrence of HF. We also supplemented the echocardiographic changes in mice over 30 days. Results Except group S and group E, echocardiographic abnormalities were found in other groups, suggesting a decrease in cardiac function. Except group S, myofibrolysis were found in the hearts of mice in other groups. Brain natriuretic peptide was significantly increased in groups B and D, and C-reactive protein was significantly increased in each group. Conclusion Our research finally found that the HFrEF mice model created by injection at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 7 days was the most suitable and a relatively stable chronic heart failure model could be obtained by placing it for 21 days.

The application of nanomaterials in biomedical fields is greatly influenced by their properties such as size, morphology, and surface properties. The deformability of nanomaterials in recently found influence the blood circulation, pharmacokinetics, tumor accumulation, and treatment performance for diseases. In the work, we successfully fabricated small-sized deformable mesoporous organosilica nanocapsules (SDMONC) via a preferential etching approach. To synthesize the SDMONC, a series of small mesostructured organosilica nanoparticles (MONs) are prepared by adjusting the concentrations of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). After etching the interiors of the MONs with NaOH, small-sized SDMONC with diameters ranging from 70 to 156 nm are obtained. The prepared SDMONC have uniform diameter, high specific surface area (266 m2 g−1), uniform pore diameter (4.0 nm), and excellent biocompability. The cellular uptake of the SDMONC was investigated, which exhibited higher cellular uptake efficiency and cancer cell-killing efficiency than the nondeformable nanoparticles, showing great promise for biomedical applications.

Primary tumor-derived factors act upon normal cells to generate a pre-metastatic niche, which promotes colonization of target organs by disseminated malignant cells. Here we report that tumor-derived factor-induced activation of the p38α kinase in lung fibroblasts plays a critical role in the formation of a pre-metastatic niche in the lungs and subsequent pulmonary metastases. Activation of p38α led to inactivation of type I interferon signaling and stimulation of expression of fibroblast activation protein. Fibroblast activation protein played a key role in remodeling of the extracellular matrix as well as inducing the expression of chemokines that enable lung infiltration by neutrophils. Increased activity of p38 in normal cells was associated with metastatic disease and poor prognosis in human patients with melanoma, whereas inactivation of p38 suppressed lung metastases. We discuss the p38α-driven mechanisms stimulating the metastatic processes and potential use of p38 inhibitors in adjuvant therapy of metastatic cancers. Gui et al. report that tumor-cell-derived factors induce p38a activation in lung fibroblasts, leading to inactivation of type I interferon signaling, matrix remodeling and neutrophil infiltration, thereby generating a metastasis-permissive niche.

Building on the human resource management (HRM) behavioral and organizational climate literature, this study explores the linkage between socially responsible HRM (SRHRM) and employee support for perceived external corporate social responsibility (CSR) (that is, CSR directed toward external stakeholders) and the underlying social and psychological process. Multilevel analysis of data gathered over two separate periods confirmed that the relationship between SRHRM and employee support for external CSR initiatives of the employing organization is mediated by the organizational CSR climate. Moreover, the indirect effect is contingent on perceived internal CSR (that is, CSR directed toward employees). This study extends CSR research into the HRM domain and develops a better understanding of the micro-foundations of CSR (individual actions and interactions) by integrating the micro- and macro-perspectives of CSR. Based on the study findings, this paper also discusses theoretical contributions and future research directions.

The microorganisms in biofilms live in a self-produced matrix of hydrated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that forms their immediate environment. The objective of this paper was to investigate the relationships between culture conditions, EPS, microalgal biofilms growth and lipid accumulation. Fresh water alga Botryococcus braunii was attached culture in multi-layers photobioreactors with different culture media and substrates. The results indicated that the production of EPS was affected by culture period, nutrient, and substrate. Increasing the production of EPS may enhance the biofilm growth. However, the EPS components, namely proteins and polysaccharide had a more profound effect on biofilm formation compared to total EPS, with protein being more significant than polysaccharide. Nitrogen-free and EPS strategies were conducted to increase the lipid content of B. braunii biofilm from 11.6 to 42.3 % and 51.3 %, respectively. Compared to suspended culture, the lipid quality was enhanced. The dominant component of hexadecanoic acid (16:0) was enhanced from 21.78 to 48.17 % and 55.44 %, respectively.

In recent years, p53 was identified to regulate the expression of many miRNAs and was also regulated by miRNAs. In this paper, we found that miR-138 showed a pronounced increase after p53 activation in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, which is mediated by p53 binding sites in the promoter region of its host gene, but this did not happen with rat and mouse cells. More interestingly, we found that p53 could be also regulated by miR-138 in mouse and rat cells, but not in the human NSCLC cells. Our results suggest the existence of species-specific differences of the regulations of miRNA against its targets and the regulations of miRNA itself by other proteins.