Search

Purpose To estimate the incidence of shoulder disorders in a cohort of Health Care Workers (HCWs). Methods 4406 workers employed from 2009 to 2020, were included in the study. Occupational risk factors and jobs were assessed according to working history. Incident cases were defined in case of shoulder pain associated with functional limitations during the medical examination. The Cox regression model was used to calculate the Hazard Ratio (HR) for different work activities, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and previous musculoskeletal injuries, using clerks as the reference category. Results The incidence rates of shoulder musculoskeletal disorder for men and women were 13.1 for 1000 person-years (CI 95% 10.6–16.3) and 20.1 for 1000 person-years (CI 95% 17.8–22.6) respectively. The adjusted HR was significantly increased with age (1.06, CI 95% 1.05–1.07), outpatient health activities (2.82, CI 95% 1.89–4.219), and wards health activity (2.37, CI 95% 1.68–3.33). Conclusion HCWs with high biomechanical risk such as nurses and healthcare assistants had a higher incidence of shoulder disorders. Actions are needed for better prevention in health care assistance.

Airborne pollen produced by Betulaceae and Corylaceaeis present in the Trieste area for a long period fromJanuary to June, but only in April it does representa considerable proportion (436 p/m3) of the totalpollen count (1193 p/m3). In the years considered (1995–1997), there was a gradual increase in thepollen count of Corylaceae and Betulaceae: frommaximum levels of 580 p/m3 in 1995 to 1218 p/m3 in 1997, and the taxon making the mostsignificant contribution to the pollen concentrationcurve was Ostrya carpinifolia. Sensitization to Betulaceae and Corylaceae wasanalyzed in 2213 subjects visiting our clinic betweenJanuary 1st 1995 and December 31th 1997, withallergic symptoms believed to be IgE mediated. Of thegroup, 1292 (58.4%) were atopic by skin prick testand 328 of them (25.4%) were sensitized to Betulaceaeand Corylaceae. Of the 328 subjects, 72.6% werecosensitized to Gramineae, 56.1% to Oleaceae, 42.1%to Compositae, and just over half to house-dust mites(52.1%). Only ten cases were mono-sensitized (3%).Of the subjects sentitized to Betulaceae andCorylaceae, 163 complained of rhinitis (72%) and 110of asthma (33.6%), often in association withrhinitis; 177 (54%) had only seasonal symptoms.Sensitization to Betulaceae and Corylaceae is high,but its role in inducing allergic respiratorysymptoms is difficult to evaluate because almost allpatients were sensitized to other pollen types. Inconclusion, the role played by this family of trees indetermining allergic respiratory symptoms could becomeincreasingly important in this geographical area inthe future, if pollen levels continue to rise at theirpresent rates. For the moment, sensitivity toBetulaceae-Corylaceae among the population is presentalmost exclusively in subjects sensitized also toother pollen types.

Oleaceae pollen concentrations in the Trieste area are low (

A comparative study was carried out between aeroallergenic pollen spectra in Trieste and at Lozzo di Cadore. The two localities were found to be different on a five-day running mean basis as to the 8 pollen taxa monitored by the National Aerobiological Monitoring Network managed by the Italian Association of Aerobiology (AIA). In the zone of Lozzo the pollination curve of the spring flowering taxa showed a lag of about one month due to the colder climate. Lozzo di Cadore showed a poor airborne pollen content,Corylus and Graminaceae being prevailing. Trieste has a higher airborne pollen diversity and longer pollination times because of its higher floristic and vegetational complexity. In Trieste the allergenic pollen spectrum showed great quantities ofOstrya, Quercus, Oleaceae, Graminaceae and of ruderal taxa, widespread over the area, due to man's influence.

Studies on ragweed have been carried out in the province of Trieste (Northern Italy) in which it is becoming widespread. The floristic records, the increasing amount of airborne pollen monitored and the relevant skin reactivity are reported. This phenomenon, though still at the beginning, is actually showing an upward trend due to man's intervention over wider and wider areas which as a consequence become suitable for the settlement of these anthropophitic species. The aerobiological data are compared to the skin reactivities of allergic subjects.

We evaluated atopy in 206 white collars and housewives with seasonal and perennial respiratory symptoms and in 58 workers occupationally exposed to isocyanate and flour with symptoms at work. Atopy was much less common among people with symptoms at work, but there was no significant difference in the frequency of atopics between varnishers and bakers. Self selection of atopic employees who leave their job because of respiratory symptoms may account for these results, but further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between atopic status and occupational asthma.