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We investigated the relationship between index of insulin resistance (IR) and exercise test variables in middle-aged asymptomatic patients with Type 2 diabetes.90 patients (48 men, 42 women; age: 49 +/- 6 yr) were included in the study. We used homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) index as index of IR. All patients were subjected to treadmill exercise test. Four subjects were tested positive (4.4%). Study patients were separated into three groups: group I (no.=26) HOMA-IR index2.24; group II (no.=26) index 2.24-3.59; group III (no.=38) index3.59.group I had less frequency of cardiovascular risk factors than group II and III (p=0.001). Systolic blood pressure baseline as well as peak exercise values, were higher in group III than in group I and II (p=0.048 vs p=0.01, respectively). Higher total exercise time and peak workload were found in group I than group II and III (p=0.04). The recovery of heart rate (delta HR(pr)) was similar among the study groups. We found significant negative correlations between HOMA-IR and total exercise time and peak workload. In addition we found significant negative correlations between age vs chronotrophic index (CI), delta HR(pr), and peak workload. There were also similar negative correlations between duration of diabetes vs CI and delta HR(pr).IR is associated with a variety of cardiovascular risk factors. Some exercise test variables point out changes of autonomic tone during exercise in elevated IR group. Negative correlation between HOMA-IR and peak exercise capacity (METs) may well confirm increased mortality in hyperinsulinemia.

Cushing's syndrome is characterized by endogenously increased production of glucocorticoids. The activity of immune system is regulated mainly by two systems in the body. Glucocorticoids and NF-kappaB counteract the effects of each other on the immune system. It has been reported that immune response is exaggerated after the amelioration of Cushing's syndrome. We report a rare case of exacerbation of Graves' disease after unilateral adrenalectomy for Cusing's syndrome. A 50-yr-obese woman with hypertension, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance wasadmitted to outpatients clinic of endocrinology. The results of evaluation of glucocorticoids metabolism and adrenal magnetic resonance imaging revealed the Cusing's syndrome. We also assessed thyroid function tests because of the diagnosis of goiter and thyroid hormone replacement in her medical history, and the presence of exophthalmia and tachycardia in examination. Althoug TSH level was detected at the lower border of normal range, free T4 and free T3 were in normal range and autoantibody of thyroidal peroxidase and thyroglobulin was higer than normal reference range. An operation was performed and a mass was removed from her left adrenal gland. The pathologic examination confirmed adrenal adenoma. She was re-admitted to the outpatient clinic 9 months after with complaints of palpitation, malaise and weight loss. Tests carried out to determine the thyroid function revealed Graves' disease. We prescribed propylthiouracil and beta-blocker treatment.