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How does the presence of a robot affect pedestrians and crowd dynamics, and does this influence vary across robot type? In this paper, we took the first step towards answering this question by performing a crowd-robot gate-crossing experiment. The study involved 28 participants and two distinct robot representatives: A smart wheelchair and a Pepper humanoid robot. Collected data includes: video recordings; robot and participant trajectories; and participants’ responses to post-interaction questionnaires. Quantitative analysis on the trajectories suggests the robot affects crowd dynamics in terms of trajectory regularity and interaction complexity. Qualitative results indicate that pedestrians tend to be more conservative and follow “social rules” while passing a wheelchair compared to a humanoid robot. These insights can be used to design a social navigation strategy that allows more natural interaction by considering the robot effect on the crowd dynamics.

Background Gorham–Stout syndrome (GSS) is a rare disorder with various presentations and unpredictable prognoses. Previous understandings of GSS mainly focused on progressive bone destruction, while we identified a group of GSS patients with serous effusion as the first symptom. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with GSS having serous effusion as the first symptom. Methods Patients diagnosed with GSS were identified through the Peking Union Medical College Hospital Medical Record System. The demographic, clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected. Patients who first presented with serous effusion were recruited into the serous group, while those with bone destruction were recruited into the bone group. Results Of the 23 patients with GSS enrolled, 13 were in the bone group and 10 in the serous group. The median disease duration was shorter and exercise tolerance was lower in the serous group. Despite less frequent bone pain in the serous group, the frequency of bone involvement was similar to that in the bone group. Patients in the serous group had higher rates of bilateral pleural effusion and multiple serous effusion. However, serous effusion also developed with disease progression in the bone group. Of the 17 patients treated with bisphosphonates, 14 reached bone-stable state. However, 5 out of 10 patients with serous effusion still had refractory effusions after bisphosphonates treatment. Three patients received sirolimus treatment, with an improvement in serous effusion. Seventeen patients were followed up; three patients died, two in the bone group and one in the serous group. Conclusions This study discovered that GSS could first be presented with serous effusion. We believe that this may be a new phenotype of the disease. Sirolimus might help in controlling serous effusion and improving prognosis.

Medication poisoning, also called drug poisoning, is a harmful effect on health caused by certain therapeutic drugs. Even as an increasing number of people are seeking information on YouTube, the quality of videos remains unknown. This study aimed to identify whether YouTube is an educational resource for medication poisoning. Videos were systematically searched through YouTube on April 22, 2020. Video demographics such as views, duration, likes, and dislikes were extracted. Each video was assessed and scored by two independent pharmacists. A 5-point global quality scale, a 4-point accuracy scale, and six content-specific items were used to score the videos. Cohen’s kappa coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient were calculated to determine the degree of agreement between the two raters. The videos were categorized as “slightly useful,” “useful,” and “very useful” by the total score. The videos were further categorized according to content styles and sources. There was no difference in the scores given by the two viewers. Only 12.71% of the videos were deemed very useful, and 93.33% of the very useful videos belonged to the educational style. Educational videos had a significantly longer duration and higher scores than the other content styles. A remarkable correlation was observed among the videos of the different styles or source categories regarding the usefulness. YouTube is a promising educational source regarding medication poisoning. Given a minimal number of these videos were considered as very useful, physicians, pharmacists, nurses, and other health care organizations should be encouraged to upload more high-quality videos to meet the needs of the growing population of netizens.

Despite the growing interest in green products in the interior wall decorative material market, knowledge gaps exist because determining which product is more environmental and user friendly than the others is difficult. This work assesses the environmental and human health profiles of interior latex and wallpaper. Two interior latex products of different raw material ratios and one non-woven wallpaper product are considered. The environmental impact assessment follows life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology and applies Building Environmental Performance Analysis System (BEPAS). The human health impact is based on impact-pathway chain and is performed using Building Health Impact Analysis System (BHIAS). The assessment scope, associated emissions, and territorial scope of various emissions are defined to facilitate comparison study of interior wall decorative products. The impacts are classified into 15 categories belonging to three safeguard areas: ecological environment, natural resources, and human health. The impacts of categories are calculated and monetized using willingness to pay (WTP) and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) and summarized as an integrated external cost of environmental and human health impacts. Assessment results reveal that the integrated impact of interior latex is lower than that of non-woven wallpaper, and the interior latex of low quality causes low life cycle integrated impact. The most impacted categories are global warming, respiratory effects, and water consumption. Hotspots of product manufacturing are recognized to promote green product design.

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Gelsemium elegans Benth (GEB) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used for treatment for gastrointestinal cancer, including CRC. However, the underlying active ingredients and mechanism remain unknown. This study aims to explore the active components and the functional mechanisms of GEB in treating CRC by network pharmacology-based approaches. Methods Candidate compounds of GEB were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine@Taiwan, Traditional Chinese Medicines Integrated Database, Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and published literature. Potentially active targets of compounds in GEB were retrieved from SwissTargetPrediction databases. Keywords “colorectal cancer”, “rectal cancer” and “colon cancer” were used as keywords to search for related targets of CRC from the GeneCards database, then the overlapped targets of compounds and CRC were further intersected with CRC related genes from the TCGA database. The Cytoscape was applied to construct a graph of visualized compound-target and pathway networks. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed by using STRING database. The DAVID tool was applied to carry out Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway enrichment analysis of final targets. Molecular docking was employed to validate the interaction between compounds and targets. AutoDockTools was used to construct docking grid box for each target. Docking and molecular dynamics simulation were performed by Autodock Vina and Gromacs software, respectively. Results Fifty-three bioactive compounds were successfully identified, corresponding to 136 targets that were screened out for the treatment of CRC. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that GEB exerted its pharmacological effects against CRC via modulating multiple pathways, such as pathways in cancer, cell cycle, and colorectal cancer. Molecular docking analysis showed that the representative compounds had good affinity with the key targets. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the best hit molecules formed a stable protein-ligand complex. Conclusion This network pharmacology study revealed the multiple ingredients, targets, and pathways synergistically involved in the anti-CRC effect of GEB, which will enhance our understanding of the potential molecular mechanism of GEB in treatment for CRC and lay a foundation for further experimental research.

Rhodium was reported to be an essential component of the efficient cocatalyst (Rh2−xCrxO3 or core/shell of Rh@Cr2O3) on GaN–ZnO for photocatalytic overall water splitting (POWS). Herein we demonstrate that the Rh can be replaced by less-expensive Pd deposited via atomic layer deposition and together with photodeposition of Cr2O3 shell, a comparable activity in POWS can be achieved even with much less Pd loading than Rh in Rh2−xCrxO3/GaN–ZnO under the same reaction conditions.

A young female with recurrent tophaceous gout and infertility presented to our clinic. On clinical evaluation, hypoglycaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, lactic acidosis, and hepatomegaly were noted. Targeted gene sequencing revealed a novel composite heterozygous c.190G>T/c.508C>T mutation in the G6PC gene of the patient, leading to a diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type Ia. Her father possessed a heterozygous c.190G>T mutation, and her mother possessed a heterozygous c.508C>T mutation. A search of the previous literature revealed 16 reported cases of glycogen storage disease type Ia with gout. Here, we describe a female patient with gout, review previous cases, and discuss the mechanisms of gout and hyperuricaemia in glycogen storage disease type Ia.