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Minqin County is located in the Shiyang River Basin. As a typical arid area, it is eroded by the Badain Jaran and Tengger Desert all year round, and knowledge of the fungal diversity in this area is limited. Therefore, fungal community structure and distribution in the soil of the artificial forest, desert transition zone, farmland, and desert were investigated using amplicon sequencing of the fungal ITS gene. Ten fungal phyla and 23 classes were identified, including 1131 fungi OTUs, Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycetes, and Agaricomycetes were the most abundant classes. Although most OTUs are shared among habitats, fungal community composition among samples was highly variable, which may influence the design of restoration practices in this area.

This study proposes two different methods of photocatalytic-controlled and visible light-induced selective oxidation of pyridiniums with air as the terminal oxidant. The key to these transformations is to choose the appropriate light source and photocatalyst. Pyridiniums are successfully converted into pyrroles through oxygen-mediated cycloaddition, proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), pyridine ring opening, and recyclization. The other route is that pyridiniums selectively form 4-carbonyl pyridines through free radical rearrangement/aerobic oxidation under the catalysis of cobalt (II).

Allan variance (AV) stochastic process identification method for inertial sensors has successfully combined the wavelet transform denoising scheme. However, the latter usually employs a traditional hard threshold or soft threshold that presents some mathematical problems. An adaptive dual threshold for discrete wavelet transform (DWT) denoising function overcomes the disadvantages of traditional approaches. Assume that two thresholds for noise and signal and special fuzzy evaluation function for the signal with range between the two thresholds assure continuity and overcome previous difficulties. On the basis of AV, an application for strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS) stochastic model extraction assures more efficient tuning of the augmented 21-state improved exact modeling Kalman filter (IEMKF) states. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior in denoising performance. Furthermore, the improved filter estimation of navigation solution is better than that of conventional Kalman filter (CKF).

To identify the predictors for recovery of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) patients treated with percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) and antibiotics, and then develop an effective nomogram to predict the recovery time. The retrospective study included consecutive PLA patients treated with PCD and antibiotics. We defined the overall recovery time (ORT) as the time from the PCD procedure to the time of clinical success or failure. Based on the ORT, its predictors were identified with univariate and multivariate analyses. Then, a nomogram was developed to predict the ORT, and was internally validated by using Harrell’s c statistic. A total of 116 patients and 142 PCD procedures with a median ORT of 15.0±10.6 days were included. Gas-formation (GF; HR: 0.486 [95% CI 0.312–0.757]; P = 0.001), diabetes mellitus (DM; HR: 0.455 [95% CI 0.303–0.682]; P

Pleurotus tuoliensis is a valuable, rare and edible mushroom that is been commercially cultivated and is rapidly developing in China markets. Low temperatures are required to induces primordia initiation for the successful production of fruiting bodies (basidiomes) during commercial cultivation. In this work, we investigated the enzymatic activities and performed transcription profiling analysis of enzymatic genes under different low temperature conditions. The results suggest that the enzymatic activities and transcription levels decrease or increase significantly at 4 and 13 °C. Lacc10 and mnp6 seems to play a dominant role during nutrition growth. Furthermore, the expression of laccase and peroxidase genes was highly correlated to the detected extracellular enzymatic activity. Cold stress genes expression profiles were upregulated under 4 °C/13 °C (3 days), while only the Hsp70 gene was downregulated (at the stage of fruiting bodies production) at 13 °C (12 days). Our results showed that the transcriptional regulation of laccase and ligninolytic peroxidase genes plays an important role in the fruiting bodies of Bailinggu under low temperature induction (4 °C). Induction at low temperatures was a highly important cultivation condition in Bailinggu.

KEY MESSAGE : We show for the first time that intraspecific crossing may impact mobility of the prominent endogenous retrotransposon Tos17 under tissue culture conditions in rice. Tos17, an endogenous copia retrotransposon of rice, is transpositionally active in tissue culture. To study whether there exists fundamental genotypic difference in the tissue culture-induced mobility of Tos17, and if so, whether the difference is under genetic and/or epigenetic control, we conducted this investigation. We show that dramatic difference in tissue culture-induced Tos17 mobility exists among different rice pure-line cultivars sharing the same maternal parent: of the three lines studied that harbor Tos17, two showed mobilization of Tos17, which accrued in proportion to subculture duration, while the third line showed total quiescence (immobility) of the element and the fourth line did not contain the element. In reciprocal F1 hybrids between Tos17-mobile and -immobile (or absence) parental lines, immobility was dominant over mobility. In reciprocal F1 hybrids between both Tos17-mobile parental lines, an additive or synergistic effect on mobility of the element was noticed. In both types of reciprocal F1 hybrids, clear difference in the extent of Tos17 mobility was noted between crossing directions. Given that all lines share the same maternal parent, this observation indicates the existence of epigenetic parent-of-origin effect. We conclude that the tissue culture-induced mobility of Tos17 in rice is under complex genetic and epigenetic control, which can be either enhanced or repressed by intraspecific genetic crossing.

We assessed growth traits and wood properties of DH32-29, a clone of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis, at age of two to six years in Guangdong in China. Analysis of variance of studied traits showed that there were significant differences (1% level) on all studied traits among ages except for wood basic density. Analysis of age trends of growth traits and wood properties revealed that rotation length of DH32-29 should be more than six years or longer. Phenotypic correlations among traits at individual ages indicated that correlations between growth traits were strongly positive. There was significant change in relationship between growth and wood basic density with increasing age, ranging from −0.03 to −0.54 at 2 and 5 year and 0.003 to 0.3 at 3, 4 and 6 year. Correlations between Pilodyn pin penetration and basic density measured on increment cores showed that Pilodyn could rank or group genotypes or sites into density classes, but failure to predict individual tree and individual clone.

Growth traits, wood properties and bark percentage were assessed for 19 hybrid eucalypt clones at three sites in southern China sampled at age 51 months. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences in growth traits and wood properties between clones and sites, and that the clone × site interactions were also significant except for basic density. Coefficients of variation ranged from 8.4 to 27.9% for growth traits, 2.7–11.1% for wood properties and 14.0–23.3% for bark percentage. Repeatability ranged from 0.73 to 0.96 for growth traits, 0.32–0.93 for wood properties and 0.77–0.88 for bark percentage. Strong genotypic correlations between the same traits in clones at pairs of sites indicated that the traits were rather stable across sites. The genotypic correlations between growth traits and basic density ranged from −0.67 to 0.43, and generally favorable negative genotypic correlations between growth traits and bark percentage were also found. The correlations between growth traits and Pilodyn pin penetration were positive, ranging from 0.28 to 0.65 and therefore unfavorable as lower wood density will be associated with higher values of Pilodyn pin penetration and improved growth rate. The correlations between traits assessed using non-destructive field methods and wood property assessment results indicated that Pilodyn and Fakopp microsecond timer tools can be confidently used to indirectly select for fiber width and basic density.

The effectiveness of pilodyn was tested in evaluating wood basic density, outer wood density, heartwood density, and modulus of elasticity (MoE) at 22 four-year-old eucalyptus clones in Guangxi, China. Results indicated that the mean value ranged from 9.44 to 15.41 mm for Pilodyn penetration, 0.3514 to 0.4913 g·cm−3 for wood basic density, and 3.94 to 7.53 Giga Pascal (GPa) for MoE, respectively. There were significant differences (1% level) in pilodyn penetration between different treatments, different directions and among the clones. Generally strongly negative correlations were found between pilodyn penetration and wood properties, and the coefficients ranged from −0.433 to −0.755. Our results, together with other studies, suggest that the use of pilodyn for assessing wood density and MoE was confirmed as a possibility.

In this study, the porous silk fibroin film (PSFF) is implanted into the body of a rat. Ten days later, the growing state of the capillaries in the material was observed, and the growing law of the capillaries in porous material is discussed to better understand the growing state of the peripheral tissue and cells around the material. The fact that the PSFF creates a beneficial environment for the growth of the capillaries in the tissue is confirmed, and the good growing states of the new skeleton muscle and the hypodermal tissue are also observed. This provides basic experimental results for the design of the PSFFs, which is a new medical biomaterial.

A new spheroidizing process of ultra-high carbon steel (UHCS) containing C 1.55%, Cr 1.45%, and Al 1.5% in mass percent has been proposed. The effect of processing parameters on the microstructure was analyzed. The UHCS produced by this new process has a microstructure with recrystallized ferrite matrix and fine and uniform carbide particles. After this spheroidizing, the UHCS exhibits good mechanical properties at ambient temperature, for example σ b =1 100 MPa, σ s = 915 MPa, δ=8% and high ratio of σ s /σ b .

Infrared (IR) absorption spectra and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of serpentine cat’s eye from Sichuan Province have been investigated, and infrared absorption bands of the serpentine have been assigned in this paper. The results indicate that the bands near 3 600–3 700 cm−1 belong to the stretching absorption band ν OH, the bands in 948–1100 cm−1 are assigned to the stretching vibrating band ν Si-O, and the bands at 600 570 and 440 cm−1 respectively belong to the bending vibration band u0H, ν OH, δMg-O and δ Si-O. The serpentine cat’s eye includes two types: chrysotile and antigorite. Chrysotile has a sharp and intensive band at 3 688 cm−1 and a weak band at 3 643 cm−1, while antigorite has only one intensive band in the region. At vibration band ν Si-O, chrysotile and antigorite have a similar feature at 1 071 cm−1, but the band at 980 cm−1 in antigorite has been split into two bands in chrysotile-a strong one at 1 027 cm−1 and a weak one at 949 cm−1. In addition, antigorite has a characteristic bending vibrating band δ Mg-O at 570 cm−1. Based on the analysis of the feature of crystal structure, their IR differences are well explained.

Theory of the coupling of stress-pore pressure in the saturated, elastic porous media is used in the study of the formation mechanism of the Xinfengjiang reservoir-induced earthquakes. Based on the results, it is believed that compared with the mechanism of additional stress in the vicinity of the reservoir, the mechanism of the coupling of additional stress and pore pressure may be more well-founded for the occurrence of reservoir-induced earthquakes.