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The rise of AI technologies is generating novel opportunities for companies to create additional value for their customers by applying a proactive approach, managing uncertainty, and thus improving cost efficiency and increasing revenue. However, AI technology capabilities are not enough—companies need to understand how the technology can be commercialized through appropriate AI business model innovation. When emerging technologies are introduced, business-model concepts often need to be significantly altered. This is necessary to fully capitalize on disruptive technologies because it is just as important to innovate the business model as it is to build advanced technology solutions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain how AI providers align value-creation and value-capture dimensions in order to develop commercially viable AI business models. To fulfill our stated purpose, this study has adopted an inductive and exploratory single case-study approach centered on a market-leading provider of AI-related services. The findings are consolidated into a process framework that explicitly illustrates the key activities that companies need to perform concerning value creation and value capture for AI business model innovation and commercialization. The framework explains that AI providers need to follow three phases—namely, identifying prerequisites for AI value creation, matching value capture mechanisms, and developing AI business model offer. We also find that AI providers need to test and develop multiple AI business models and operate them simultaneously to ensure commercial success.

Specialized chromatin-binding proteins are required for DNA-based processes during development. We recently established PWWP2A as a direct histone variant H2A.Z interactor involved in mitosis and craniofacial development. Here, we identify the H2A.Z/PWWP2A-associated protein HMG20A as part of several chromatin-modifying complexes, including NuRD, and show that it localizes to distinct genomic regulatory regions. Hmg20a depletion causes severe head and heart developmental defects in Xenopus laevis. Our data indicate that craniofacial malformations are caused by defects in neural crest cell (NCC) migration and cartilage formation. These developmental failures are phenocopied in Hmg20a-depleted mESCs, which show inefficient differentiation into NCCs and cardiomyocytes (CM). Consequently, loss of HMG20A, which marks open promoters and enhancers, results in chromatin accessibility changes and a striking deregulation of transcription programs involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and differentiation processes. Collectively, our findings implicate HMG20A as part of the H2A.Z/PWWP2A/NuRD-axis and reveal it as a key modulator of intricate developmental transcription programs that guide the differentiation of NCCs and CMs.

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Kinder psychisch erkrankter Eltern sind vielfach mit familialen Belastungen konfrontiert und haben ein erhöhtes Risiko, selbst an einer psychischen Störung zu erkranken. Präventionsangebote auf Eltern- und Kindebene haben entsprechend hohe Relevanz. Wenig Beachtung in der Forschung fand bislang die Frage, inwieweit therapeutische und beratende Unterstützungsangebote für psychisch belastete Eltern auch der gesundheitlichen Versorgung ihrer Kinder zugutekommen. Fragestellung Die vorliegende Studie untersucht eltern- und kindbezogene Prädiktoren der Inanspruchnahme von therapeutischen und familienbezogenen Unterstützungsangeboten bei Eltern mit selbstberichteter psychischer Belastung. Zusammenhänge zur Inanspruchnahme von Kinder- und Jugendtherapie, auch in Abhängigkeit von der kindlichen psychischen Gesundheit, werden geprüft. Material und Methode Ausgehend von 844 Eltern mit 1146 Kindern im Alter von 7 bis 16 Jahren, die in den Wellen 11 und 12 des pairfam-Panels befragt wurden, umfasst die Stichprobe der Hauptanalysen 161 Kinder, deren Elternteil über Depressionssymptome oder eine psychische Erkrankung berichtete. Angaben zur Inanspruchnahme von Therapie und weiteren Angeboten stammen von dem Elternteil, Angaben zur psychischen Gesundheit der Kinder von diesen selbst. Ergebnisse Etwa ein Drittel der Eltern mit selbstberichteter psychischer Belastung nimmt eine Therapie in Anspruch. Hierbei werden häufiger auch weitere Angebote für Familien und Kinder genutzt. Selbstberichtete Verhaltensauffälligkeiten der Kinder haben jedoch keinen weiteren Effekt auf ihre Versorgungslage. Schlussfolgerung Die Befunde sprechen für eine unzureichende Versorgungslage von auffälligen Kindern psychisch belasteter Eltern, auch dann, wenn die Eltern selbst in Behandlung sind.

Background Postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) remain common after laparotomy for resections of the gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary tract. Especially organ/space infections (CDC class III SSI) can be life-threatening, require relaparotomy, intensive care or interventional drainage of intraabdominal abscesses. The PAISI study aims to investigate whether the use of prophylactic peritoneal irrigation with NaOCl/HOCl solution can reduce the SSI rates following laparotomy for resections of the gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary tract, compared to standard irrigation with physiological electrolyte solution (Ringer’s solution). Secondarily, to evaluate whether the use of prophylactic peritoneal irrigation with NaOCl/HOCl solution can reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality as well as the rate of re-operations and length of hospital stay. Methods PAISI is a prospective, randomized, observer- and patient-blinded, monocentric, two-arm surgical study in an adaptive parallel groups design, comparing peritoneal and wound irrigation with NaOCl/HOCl (50/50ppm) solution to irrigation with Ringer’s solution. The primary endpoint of the study is the SSI rate within 30 days postoperatively. Since there is no data on incidence rates from randomized clinical trials, the rates for sample size calculation were estimated according to the clinical experience at our institution. Therefore, the study design includes one unblinded look at the data by a second statistician, which will be performed after half of the patients reached the primary endpoint. This interim information will be used to check the assumptions and if needed, the sample size will be adjusted. The O’Brien-Fleming spending function is used to determine the efficacy test boundary and the non-binding futility boundary. The one-sided z-test (Group sequential test of two proportions) at the 2.5% significance level with a total of two looks at the data will have overall 80% power. Discussion The results of this study will provide high-level evidence for future research and clinical recommendations regarding the use of NaOCl/HOCl solution in abdominal surgery and provide the participating patients the opportunity of a potentially improved treatment. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00028037. Registered on 27 May 2022.

Acquisition of cell fate is thought to rely on the specific interaction of remote cis-regulatory modules (CRMs), for example, enhancers and target promoters. However, the precise interplay between chromatin structure and gene expression is still unclear, particularly within multicellular developing organisms. In the present study, we employ Hi-M, a single-cell spatial genomics approach, to detect CRM–promoter looping interactions within topologically associating domains (TADs) during early Drosophila development. By comparing cis-regulatory loops in alternate cell types, we show that physical proximity does not necessarily instruct transcriptional states. Moreover, multi-way analyses reveal that multiple CRMs spatially coalesce to form hubs. Loops and CRM hubs are established early during development, before the emergence of TADs. Moreover, CRM hubs are formed, in part, via the action of the pioneer transcription factor Zelda and precede transcriptional activation. Our approach provides insight into the role of CRM–promoter interactions in defining transcriptional states, as well as distinct cell types. Fil: Espínola, Sergio Martín. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Université de Montpellier. Centre de Biologie Structurale; Francia Fil: Götz, Markus. Université de Montpellier. Centre de Biologie Structurale; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia Fil: Bellec, Maelle. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université de Montpellier. Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier; Francia. Université de Montpellier. Centre de Biologie Structurale; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia Fil: Messina, Olivier. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université de Montpellier. Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier; Francia. Université de Montpellier. Centre de Biologie Structurale; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia Fil: Fiche, Jean Bernard. Université de Montpellier. Centre de Biologie Structurale; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia Fil: Houbron, Christophe. Université de Montpellier. Centre de Biologie Structurale; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Dejean, Matthieu. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université de Montpellier. Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Reim, Ingolf. Universitat Erlangen Nuremberg; Alemania Fil: Cardozo Gizzi, Andres Mauricio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas "Prof. Dr. Alberto C. Taquini". Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; Argentina Fil: Lagha, Mounia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université de Montpellier. Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Nollmann, Marcelo. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Francia. Université de Montpellier. Centre de Biologie Structurale; Francia

Minimally invasive surgical techniques with respect to the treatment of gastric cancer have progressed rapidly over the last few years. Especially in Asia, where the incidence of gastric cancer is ten times higher than in Europe, surgery for gastric cancer is steadily evolving, especially regarding laparoscopic and robot-assisted procedures. This review first discusses the different options for reconstruction of the gastrointestinal passage after gastrectomy, ranging from Billroth procedures to the latest developments, such as the double tract reconstruction. In particular, the possibility of function-preserving partial gastrectomy, such as proximal and distal gastric resection and the corresponding reconstruction techniques are presented. The latest studies and technical developments are presented, especially with respect to laparoscopically assisted, completely laparoscopic and robot-assisted gastrectomies.

Compromised wound healing following stoma reversal is a frequent problem. The use of negative suction drainage for reduction of complications remains controversial. The patient database of our center was reviewed for patients with ileostomy reversal between 2007 and 2017. Risk factors for wound complications were analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. Systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. Ultimately, results of this study were integrated into meta-analysis to assess the effect of drainage placement on wound healing. In our institutional analysis, a total of 406 patients with ileostomy reversal were included (n = 240 (59.1%) with drainage vs. n = 166 (40.8%) without drainage). In multivariate analysis, body mass index (BMI) was a risk factor for wound complications (odds ratio (95% CI) 1.06 (1.02–1.12)). Patients with drainage needed significantly fewer interventions than those without drainage (17.1% vs. 28.9%, p = 0.005). Placement of drainage significantly reduced the risk of wound complications even in the group with elevated BMI (odds ratio (95% CI) 0.462 (0.28–0.76), p = 0.003). Meta-analysis identified 6 studies with a total of 1180 patients eligible for further analysis (2 prospectively randomized trials; 4 retrospective cohort studies). Overall analysis revealed a significantly beneficial effect of wound drainage following ileostomy reversal (RR (95% CI) 0.47 (0.34, 0.66); p

The genus Lycaena is widely used for studying life history evolution, local adaptation, stress biology, and behavior. Furthermore, several species are currently declining and thus of conservation concern. In order to provide the molecular basis for population genetics and conservation biology, we report the development of 36 microsatellite markers for Lycaena spp. Loci were screened in 21 individuals each per species using individuals from Greifswald, north-eastern Germany (L. tityrus) or the Italian and Austrian Alps (L. hippothoe and L. virgaureae). Ten, sixteen, and ten polymorphic microsatellite loci are characterised in L. tityrus, L. hippothoe, and L. virgaureae, respectively. Allele numbers per locus ranged from three to 20 and expected heterozygosity from 0.37 to 0.94. Nineteen out of the 36 loci were successfully cross-amplified in at least one other taxon, resulting in a total of 13 loci for L. tityrus tityrus, 14 for L. tityrus subalpinus, 20 for L. hippothoe, and 18 for L. virgaureae. These markers will be useful for addressing population genetic issues in L. tityrus, L. hippothoe, and L. virgaureae, and potentially other Copper butterflies.

Beim chirurgischen Management des Magenkarzinoms ist die vollstandige chirurgische Resektion des Primarius, entsprechender Lymphknotenstationen, mitbefallener Organe und gegebenenfalls des Peritoneums nach wie vor unerlassliche Voraussetzung fur eine entscheidende Prognoseverbesserung. Die Wahl des chirurgischen Therapieverfahrens ist abhangig von Tumorstadium und -lokalisation.

Im Baulos 60.3 – St. Kanzian der Koralmbahn liegen die beiden Tunnelbauwerke Untersammelsdorf und Srejach in glazialen Stillwassersedimenten („Seeton“). Fur die Errichtung waren zur Vergutung des anstehenden Bodens umfangreiche Spezialtiefbaumasnahmen als Kombination von Bohrpfahlen und Dusenstrahlverfahren (DSV) erforderlich. In den Jahren 2008–2009 wurde durch die OBB im Nahbereich der spateren Tunnelbauwerke als eigene Baumasnahme das Versuchsfeld Untersammelsdorf errichtet. Damit sollten fur die Bauausschreibung und spatere Herstellung der Tunnelbauwerke Erkenntnisse zu erreichbaren Eigenschaften (v. a. Durchmesser und Druckfestigkeit) des DSV-Korpers in den Stillwassersedimenten sowie zur Menge, Beschaffenheit und Entwasserbarkeit des systembedingten Rucklaufs (einer Suspension aus Wasser, gelostem Boden und Bindemittel in wechselnden Anteilen) gewonnen werden. Ein Ergebnis war, dass der Rucklauf nur durch Schwerkraft alleine – wie sonst bei zahlreichen Spezialtiefbaumasnahmen ublich – praktisch nicht entwasserbar ist. Aus diesem Grund wurden zusammen mit dem Lehrstuhl fur Aufbereitung und Veredlung der Montanuniversitat Leoben in einem systematischen Untersuchungsprogramm vom Labor bis zum Pilotversuch die fur die Auswahl von geeigneten Entwasserungsapparaten notwendigen Parameter der Suspension (Feststoffanteil, Viskositat, Filtrationswiderstand) und des Feststoffes in seinem Kornungs- und mineralogischen Aufbau erarbeitet. Nicht nur die Schwankung im Feststoffanteil und Kornungsanteil, sondern auch die bauvorhabenbedingte Vermischung mit Zement war zu berucksichtigen. Der Einfluss des Zementes, wahrend der Entwasserung und im Sediment von Schwer- und Fliehkraftentwasserung und im Filterkuchen wird erlautert. Der Vorschlag zum stufenweisen Aufbau des Entwasserungssystems, wie er Eingang in die Rohbauausschreibung gefunden hat, wird der Bauausfuhrung durch die ausfuhrenden Firmen gegenubergestellt.

Habitat loss and anthropogenic climate change are important threats to biodiversity conservation. Owing to the concomitantly deteriorating habitat quality, individuals are often forced to disperse to new habitats, rendering dispersal an ecologically important process. However, dispersal ability may differ within and among populations, and is further dependent on environmental conditions. We therefore studied sexual differences in and environmental effects on movement patterns in the sooty copper butterfly Lycaena tityrus. As predicted, males were more active and covered longer distances than females, presumably owing to mate location and territorial disputes. Males alighted more often on flowers than females, probably to fuel their high flight activity, while females showed a high affinity to host-plants for egg-laying. Our findings provide a striking example of sex-related differences in animal behavior, as revealed by the use of customary smartphones, which apparently can comprise suitable means to reveal biologically significant behavioural patterns. More problematic than the technical device used seems to be the challenge of following individual butterflies for long enough in the field, such that any extrapolations to dispersal seem difficult.

The present study investigated genetic diversity, structure and hybridization in a collection of the endangered wild pear species Pyrus pyraster (L.) Burgd. A total of 278 putative ‘true type’ P. pyraster trees originating from seven populations in the federal state of Saxony in Germany were analyzed along with 35 pear cultivars commonly cultivated in Saxony. The genetic analysis was performed using nine nuclear microsatellite markers (ncSSR) and two paternally inherited chloroplast marker (cpDNA) amplifying in the intergenic spacer region trnQ–rps16 and the intron region rps16. On basis of the ncSSR dataset after STRUCTURE analysis 80 % of the wild pear individuals were assigned as ‘true type’ P. pyraster genotypes. The cpDNA analysis showed shared haplotypes in P. pyraster and P. communis but with an unequal frequency in both species. The analysis of molecular variance resulted in a moderate (ncSSR) and great (cpDNA) variation among ‘true type’ P. pyraster and the pear cultivars. The genetic diversity in the ‘true type’ P. pyraster populations was still high and the genetic structure between the populations low (ncSSR and cpDNA) indicating a genetic exchange between the populations by pollen and seeds. The clear discrimination between the P. pyraster and P. communis confirms our expectation of the existence of ‘true type’ P. pyraster individuals in the study area. The existing genetic integrity and the high genetic diversity argue for the implementation of preservation measures in P. pyraster.

Background Recently, the incidence of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer has been increasing in Eastern countries. Mediastinal lymph node (MLN) metastasis rates among patients with GEJ cancer are reported to be 5–25%. However, survival benefits associated with MLN dissection in GEJ cancer has been a controversial issue, especially in Eastern countries, due to its rarity and potential morbidity. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 290 patients who underwent surgery for GEJ cancer at the National Cancer Center in Korea from June 2001 to December 2015. Clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared between patients without MLN dissection (Group A) and patients with MLN dissection (Group B). Prognostic factors associated with the survival rate were identified in a multivariate analysis. Results Twenty-nine (10%) patients underwent MLN dissection (Group B). Three of 29 patients (10.3%) showed a metastatic MLN in Group B. For abdominal LNs, the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 79.5% in Group A and 33.9% in Group B (P