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Both large facial clefts and anophthalmus are rare clinical entities. However, excellent studies have been carried out on both topics. Ask & van der Hoeve (1921) wrote a classic study on facial clefts, and Mann (1957) wrote one on anophthalmus.

Nowadays it seems possible that cicatricial ROP will turn out to be a preventable condition; therefore, it is of utmost importance to detect individual cases at a moment when therapy can still be instituted appropriately. To reach this goal, ROP screening has to be carried out in such a way that the chance of detection is maximal. Clinicians should be aware of the incidence and course of ROP in certain patient population. The possible relation with chronological and postconceptual age and with clinical events in the postnatal period which influence the occurrence and extent of ROP should be carefully analyzed.

Malignant intra-orbital tumours, other than basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma on or near the eyelids, are very rare and, even in large centres, seldom seen by the radiotherapist. The commonest, treated by radiotherapy at the university hospital in Utrecht, are: retinoblastoma in infants, and intra-orbital metastases of primary tumours elsewhere in the body.