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It is always with some trepidation that I agree to participate on panels dealing with the elusive subject, ‘Soviet Military Doctrine’. One never knows if the papers at hand will address the subject in the Soviet context or approach the subject from a Western perspective; that is, address the question of HOW war will be conducted on the battlefield. Thus, it was with some pleasure that I found that Professor Griffiths focused on the Soviet definition of ‘Doctrine’ as a mix of political and military-technical postulates that describe the nature of contemporary war, the interrelationship of national political considerations with military requirements — in sum, the national security policy of the State.1

When I first read Franklyn Griffiths paper I was somewhat surprised. I really did not expect to find such a wide ranging and thought-provoking discussion of topics under the heading of Soviet military doctrine. Analysis of Soviet military doctrine is, in itself, a daunting and formidable task especially when attempting to distinguish between declaratory public statements and the doctrine actually in place. But when, as Franklyn Griffiths has done, one adds many complex national security policy issues on top of military doctrine, a great deal has indeed been accomplished.

Although I have not done justice to Hennie’s paper, I’ll say no more about it, except that I have become convinced that it should be made available whole, with Hennie’s authorization, of course.

Arnold Horelick’s admirable paper gives us a comprehensive and up-to-date basis from which to begin our discussion on national security issues currently facing the Soviet Union.

Dr. Pasic sets out very clearly the basis of the Yugoslav system when he writes1: “Property is managed directly by the workers themselves, organized in enterprises and institutions run on the principle of selfmanagement”. Equally clearly he distinguishes, in the first few pages of his paper, between social ownership through selfmanagement and state ownership. The latter, which is common in socialist countries and which exists also in the capitalist countries, abolishes private ownership of the means of production, but in Dr. Pasic’s view it “establishes in a new way the alienation of the means of production from the producers”, and it creates a new power of minority groups — managers and bureaucrats — over the workers.

For several years I have been a silent spectator of the political conduct of a particular faction in this province; I have observ’d how they have ruled in most public transactions; have handled the public money, and disposed of our lives and fortunes at pleasure : I have seen this very faction raise the hue and cry about liberty, while they were stealing the poor remains of liberty from the miserable inhabitants of the province : And I have now observ’d, that while the injur’d and distressed are crying for redress, they are endeavouring to plunge us into new schemes, in order to amuse us ; tho’ the wound is still bleeding of which we have complain’d. In such a situation, silence would no longer become a friend of liberty and his country. And as our representatives are gone home to consult with their constituents, what is to be done in this conjuncture, I think we are now in a particular manner call’d upon to speak out, and tell what we take to be the origin of all our troubles, and what is the best way to cure them. For my part, I am clearly persuaded that Quaker politicks, and a Quaker faction, have involv’d this province into almost all the contentions, and all the miseries under which we have so long struggled.

This paper contains some general observations with regard to the excellent and interesting description of Mr. Blum on the subject of the director and workers’ management with ‘Energoinvest’, as well as some aspects of the present developments in the philosophy and practice of participative management of a chemical company in The Netherlands, KNZ, part of AKZO.

This paper as I understand it tries to set up four levels of linguistic representation in accordance with semantic interpretation. I shall go directly to p. 424 where an outline is given as Table I.

Whilst there has always been a general consensus among surgeons that primary access is best affected by internal arteriovenous (A-V) anastomosis at the wrist, there has never been complete agreement about what to do when primary access fails. The choice lies between more proximal direct A-V anastomosis and the use of free grafts which act as conduits which are easy to needle.

A number of haemodynamic effects are known to occur in patients with congenital and acquired arteriovenous (A-V) fistulas as well as in experimental animals. These effects could be expected to appear even in patients with therapeutic A-V fistulas. Some important changes are: (1) increased velocity of blood flow (2) increased cardiac output (3) increased circulating blood volume (4) increased oxygen content of venous blood (5) high output cardiac failure (6) ‘steal’ of arterial blood pressure (7) venous hypertension (8) dilation and ‘arterialization’ of fistula vein (9) dilation and ‘venization’ of fistula artery (10) ‘endarteritis lenta’ (11) increased skeletal growth.

The author inappropriately charges the writers whom he attacks with considering the net product of the soil only, that is, the revenue as wealth.2 All that the earth produces is wealth. But these writers maintain correctly that the total of the renascent wealth of a State is confined to the total annual output of the soil. This output is divided into two parts, one of which is destined for the subsistence and the satisfaction of the wants of the cultivator, for the interest on and the replacement of the advances, in short, for all that is necessary, directly and indirectly, for the reproduction of the following year. But once this part is deducted, the surplus, which the cultivator gives to the proprietor of the soil forms the latter’s revenue, which not being in any way necessary for the reproduction of the following year, is completely free, disposable, and susceptible to division among the titular owner, the recipient of the tithe, the seigneur censier,3 the State, etc.

The first phase of a research project, which comprises a theoretical analysis of the processes, taking place in a press nip, and the development of an experimental technique for the determination of the material properties which exert an influence upon these processes, is reported.

Patients requiring prolonged chemotherapy for malignancy, such as those receiving haemodialysis, often experience long-term problems with vascular access. Administration of antitumour drugs over long periods of months or years requires multiple venipunctures with progressive thrombosis, sclerosis and obstruction of all available surface vessels due to the irritating effect of these agents when in contact with veins. Moreover, chemotherapy is often combined with parenteral nutrition and in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation is combined with supportive care, including antibiotics and platelet and granulocyte transfusions. The search for a suitable vein can then become a painful ordeal for the patient and a frustrating experience for the nurse or physician, and thus becomes a serious and challenging problem.

The Project is sub-divided into 9 Actions. As a rule, Actions include the following 3 phases: development of a methodology validation of the methodology production of data for publication In addition, Project F provides services to other activities of the EC Solar Energy Programme.

The usual trichromatic equation for a colour match is converted into an algebraic equation consisting of the sum of the contrasts determined by the intensity ratios between the matching stimuli and arbitrary fractions of the proband. The senescence of the preretinal media is shown to affect colour matches monotonically, but discrimination steps are affected differently: it is suggested that the senescence observed in tasks involving chromatic discrimination can be explained in terms of that of the nervous mechanisms subserving other types of contrast discrimination. The possibility of either simplifying or refining some clinical tests is also discussed.

The facts that Jamaica’s per capita energy consumption is one of the highest in the developing countries and that there is almost complete reliance on fuel importation mandates development of prospective indigenous energy resources. Bioenergy, with biogas as a component, constitutes one of the priorities in the national energy plan. The biogas program, its achievements since 1980, and major findings as well as future plans are outlined.

Present 224Ra treatment for ankylosing spondylitis in Germany consists of 10 weekly intravenous injections, each of 28 µCi 224Ra, giving a cumulative dose of about 56 rad to the marrowfree skeleton of a reference 70-kg man. Among the 224Ra patients followed by Professor Heinz Spiess (mostly at high doses), 54 cases of bone sarcoma have occurred, but none below 90 rad. Dr. Fritz Schales ascertained the health status of about 1170 ankylosing spondylitis patients with skeletal doses from 224Ra below 90 rad (mean ~ 56 rad). The average follow up time of these patients was about 12 years. Dr. Schales found 1 case of reticulum cell sarcoma of bone marrow, at an average skeletal dose between 60 and 112 rad. The bone sarcoma risk throughout lifetime, following present 224Ra treatment, is calculated to be between lower and upper limits (P = 0.05) of 0 and 0.6% if one skeletal sarcoma has occurred in the 1170 patients below 90 rad, or between 0 and 0.4%, if no sarcomas have occurred. No assessment has been made of the possible risk from other effects, such as kidney diseases, liver diseases, and cataracts.

The subject on which M. le Controleur-General1 has consulted the Intendants is one of the most interesting which can be examined. It contains the foundations of the whole political administration of a nation.

The cost of silicon solar cells did not cane down as fast as predicted by the D.O.E. in the United States. It is still between 7 and 10 ECU per peak Watt and is made up of 50% for the wafer cost, 30% for the processing and 20% for the interconnection and encapsulation.

Failure and complications of arteriovenous (A-V) fistulas had been attributed to many factors inducing accelerated thrombosis, such as haemodialysis alterations, material interaction and surgical problems.

In contrast to his views of some years ago Suppes in now convinced that modal concepts are essential to standard scientific talk. Yet he emphasizes two main points: (1) in a majority of cases the modal concepts remain implicit in that talk, and (2) this logic is scarcely used in either theoretical or experimental analysis of empirical phenomena. Furthermore, in dealing with probability and referring in particular to the sample space, he substantially says that modal concepts are left implicit to eliminate excess baggage.

To summarize the need for access surgery, this can be divided into three groups: (1) haemodialysis, (2) hyperalimentation, and (3) chemotherapy. Under haemodialysis we would include indications other than renal failure, such as plasmapheresis, dialysis for drug overdose, etc. I will briefly summarize these three areas and try to make some predictions about future innovations and methods.

The Soviets will be compelled to develop and apply the information technologies on a large scale to support their own aspirations and to contend with foreign pressures [Good86g]. Much of this will be concerned with the preservation and enhancement of political and economic control and military power, and with economic modernization through both blue- and white-collar applications. It is also important for them to present the image of a progressive society to the world and to their own population, if only to maintain military credibility, proclaim ideological superiority, and to contend with Western influence and internal expectations.

The SEA (statistical energy analysis) program developed at VTT’s Ship Laboratory is based on the network formulation equations presented in [1, 2]. The principles of the finite element programs have been applied in describing the steel structure of a ship. At present the program is able to handle two types of elements: a 2D flat plate element and a 3D acoustical space element. Different element types such as a beam and a stiffened plate element will be later added to the program under development. Structure-borne sound transmission is calculated in 1/3 octave bands with centre frequencies 50 Hz … 10 kHz. Cabin noise is calculated in octave bands with centre frequencies 63 Hz … 8 kHz. Input data is assumed to be available in the same frequency bands. Number of elements and cabins is only restricted by the computer system used.