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A complex examination revealed the features of the development of higher cortical functions and sleep clinical features in preschool children with obstructive sleep apnea. Typical features were identified in the macrostructure of sleep and its cyclic organization in the children. Connective tissue dysplasia proved to act as a significant etiological factor in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in children. The effect of OSAHS on the cognitive development of children was investigated. Ontogenetic features were identified in the formation of OSAHS in preschool children. Signs of multicomponent and multilevel dysontogenetic syndrome were observed, including distorted maturation of basic higher cortical functions and alterations of the macrostructure and cyclic organization of sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the speech function parameters in first-graders from the groups of low, moderate and high risk in terms of adverse biomedical factors in early ontogenesis. The study included 1162 first-graders living in Arkhangelsk. A comparative analysis showed that the number of biomedical risk factors in early development correlates positively with the risk of impaired speech development and verbal thinking. In the low-risk group, the speech development parameters were within normal range; in the high-risk group, the parameter values of both speech development and verbal thinking were low. The construction of regression models in the examined sample of children suggests that the most significant risk factor closely related to speech development is "prematurity." The parameters such as "maternal occupational hazards" and "maternal exposure to medications during pregnancy" also make a significant contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]