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The catalytic photodegradation of diclofenac, which is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, from synthetic waste water was investigated under a 254 nm ultra-violet light using MgO nanoparticle as a photocatalyst. The kinetics of the catalytic photodegradation of DF was followed in batch system. It was found that DF degrades to form by-products which are in turn degrades further with slower rates to other by-products and /or CO2 and H2O. The reaction was found to be of consecutive type with the observed pseudo first-order rate constants for the overall catalytic photodegradation (kobs1 = 0.1191, 0.0411, 0.0127 and 0.0052 min−1 for the initial concentrations of DF = 10, 20, 50 and 100 mg L−1). 100% degradation efficiency was obtained in 60 min for 10 mg L−1 DF. The pseudo-first order rate constant for the adsorption (kAds) of DF on 0.1 g MgO-NPs was measured as 0.00762 min−1 and the photolysis rate constant (kp) (0.0069 min−1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we developed a strategy for using the Scoggins procedure in the synthesis of acetamidines as novel CO2-triggered switchable surfactants via acetimidates by effectively tuning the chemical equilibrium. The as-synthesized N'-alkyl-N,N-diethylacetamidines exhibit excellent CO2/N2 switchability and their bicarbonate salts have the ability to emulsify oil–water mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A model of a flow ideal mixing reactor for a consecutive two-stage exothermic first-order reaction was considered. The presence of a region of multiplicity of stationary states was established. This multiplicity region can contain regions of three and five stationary states; the region of five states always appears inside the region of three stationary states. Changes in the type of stationary state stability in each of these regions are analyzed. Numerical calculations of phase trajectories in the regions of stationary state stability and instability were performed. A mechanism of the creation of a stable limiting cycle was suggested for the case of three stationary states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kinetical parameters of 1-phenyl-1-hydroxy-2,2,2-trichloro-ethane and 1,1-diphenyl-2,2,2-trichloro-ethane production and the simultaneous sulphonation reaction were determined, taking into account the alteration of the reaction rate constants caused by the dilution of the sulphuric acid catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A highly general, efficient and simple methodology for the regioselective synthesis of aryl tetrazole amines has been explored. The present method involves consecutive desulphurization and C-N cross-coupling reaction. Cheap, readily available and air stable cobalt catalyst has been used for this methodology. In addition, the substrate scope has been demonstrated.Graphical Abstract: A highly general, efficient and simple methodology for the regioselective synthesis of aryl tetrazole amines has been explored. The present method involves consecutive desulphurization and C-N cross-coupling reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]