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In order to realize the environmental sustainability, a raw bloom-forming species Microcystis aeruginosa harvested from natural waters without any modification was employed in the biosorption of uranium. The results of adsorption experiments indicated the process of U(VI) adsorbed on the surface of M. aeruginosa was pH-dependent, endothermic and spontaneous. The analysis of FTIR and XPS proved the oxygenated function groups of M. aeruginosa performed an important role in the biosorption of uranium. The high adsorption capacity and satisfied regenerated availability of M. aeruginosa make it possible to clean 'polluter (radioactive wastewater)' with 'polluter (toxic cyanobacteria)'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]