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Fracture is a key factor for high and stable reservoir production in Ordovician carbonatite fracture-cavity reservoirs in the Tahe Oilfield. In this paper, we firstly identify and statistically analyse the medium to small scale fractures in the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs of the Tarim Basin Tahe Oilfield by using a large amount of thin section, core, and imaging logging data. Secondly, the R/S-FD numerical analysis method is introduced to realize the calculation of fracture development segments based on different conventional logging curves, and then the cumulative multiplication method is used to realize the quantitative prediction of fracture development segments in a single well under the constraints of multiple curves. Finally, the fracture identified by the core and FMI imaging logging data was verified with the prediction results of the R/S-FD numerical analysis method to determine the applicability and accuracy of the method in fracture prediction. The results show that Structural fractures predominate in the study area, where high angle, shear fractures are mainly developed; Of the different types of conventional logging curves, the AC, RS and RD curves are highly sensitive and similar to the fracture development segments in carbonate reservoirs. Although GR is sensitive to fractures, it is too different from the rest of the curves to be applied in the comprehensive analysis. DEN and CAL curves are relatively weak in terms of fracture sensitivity and are not suitable to be applied in fracture prediction. The results of R/S-FD fracture identification for different curves show that the method is effective in identifying single, high-angle fractures and multiple, medium-angle fractures, and is inadequate in identifying low-angle and horizontal fractures. Comparison and validation of the R/S-FD fracture identification curves with cores and imaging logs show that the comprehensive fracture identification probability of the method can reach 71.6%, which proves that the method has a strong ability to identify single-well tectonic fractures in carbonate reservoirs. The application of this method to fracture prediction in Ordovician carbonate reservoirs is of great significance for the evaluation of fractured carbonate reservoirs in oil and gas exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leveraging the synergy between causal knowledge graphs and a large language model (LLM), our study introduces a groundbreaking approach for computational hypothesis generation in psychology. We analyzed 43,312 psychology articles using a LLM to extract causal relation pairs. This analysis produced a specialized causal graph for psychology. Applying link prediction algorithms, we generated 130 potential psychological hypotheses focusing on "well-being", then compared them against research ideas conceived by doctoral scholars and those produced solely by the LLM. Interestingly, our combined approach of a LLM and causal graphs mirrored the expert-level insights in terms of novelty, clearly surpassing the LLM-only hypotheses (t(59) = 3.34, p = 0.007 and t(59) = 4.32, p < 0.001, respectively). This alignment was further corroborated using deep semantic analysis. Our results show that combining LLM with machine learning techniques such as causal knowledge graphs can revolutionize automated discovery in psychology, extracting novel insights from the extensive literature. This work stands at the crossroads of psychology and artificial intelligence, championing a new enriched paradigm for data-driven hypothesis generation in psychological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid development of artificial intelligence poses an urgent need for low-energy-consumption and small-sized artificial photonic synapses. Here, it is pretty novel to demonstrate a light-stimulated synaptic device based on a single (Al,Ga)N nanowire successfully. Thanks to the presence of vacancy defects in the single nanowire, the artificial synaptic device can simulate multiple functions of biological synapses under stimulation of both 310 and 365 nm light photons, including paired-pulse facilitation, spike timing dependent plasticity, and memory learning capabilities. The energy consumption of artificial synaptic device can be reduced as little as 5.58 × 10−13 J, which is close to that of the biological synapse in human brain. Furthermore, the synaptic device is demonstrated to have the high stability for both long-time stimulation and long-time storage. Based on the experimental conductance of long-term potentiation and long-term depression, the simulated three-layer neural network can achieve a high recognition rate of 92% after only 10 training epochs. With a brain-like behavior, the single-nanowire-based synaptic devices can promote the development of visual neuromorphic computing technology and artificial intelligence systems requiring ultralow energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute kidney disease (AKD) following coronary angiography (CAG) indicates a higher risk of chronic kidney disease and follow-up cardiovascular comorbidities. However, the predictive risk factor of AKD is not clear. We sought to verify whether preoperative N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level was associated with AKD in patients undergoing CAG. Method: We analyzed 7602 patients underwent CAG in this multi-center registry cohort study. Cardiorenal ImprovemeNt II (CIN-II) in five Chinese tertiary hospitals from 2007 to 2020. The primary outcome was AKD, defined as a ≥ 50% increase of serum creatinine within 7–90 days. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the association between NT-proBNP and AKD. Result: 1009 patients (13.27%) eventually developed AKD, who were more likely to be female, older, and with comorbidities of chronic heart failure and anemia. After adjusting to the potential confounders, the NT-proBNP level remained an independent predictor of AKD (lnNT-proBNP OR: 1.20, 95% CI 1.13–1.28, p < 0.005). Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a linear relationship between elevated NT-proBNP and AKD (p for trend < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, elevated NT-proBNP level in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (p for interaction < 0.001) or without previous congestive heart failure (p for interaction = 0.0346) has a more significant value of AKD prediction. Conclusion: Pre-operative NT-proBNP level was independently associated with the risk of AKD in patients following CAG. Perioperative strategies are warranted to prevent AKD in patients with elevated NT-proBNP levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epoxides are significant intermediates for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and epoxy resins. In this study, we develop a Br−/BrO− mediated photoelectrochemical epoxidation system on α-Fe2O3. High selectivity (up to >99%) and faradaic efficiency (up to 82 ± 4%) for the epoxidation of a wide range of alkenes are achieved, with water as oxygen source, which are far beyond the most reported electrochemical and photoelectrochemical epoxidation performances. Further, we can verify that the epoxidation reaction is mediated by Br−/BrO− route, in which Br− is oxidized non-radically to BrO− by an oxygen atom transfer pathway on α-Fe2O3, and the formed BrO− in turn transfers its oxygen atom to the alkenes. The non-radical mediated characteristic and the favorable thermodynamics of the oxygen atom transfer process make the epoxidation reactions very efficient. We believe that this photoelectrochemical Br−/BrO−-mediated epoxidation provides a promising strategy for value-added production of epoxides and hydrogen. Alkene epoxidation, whose products are important intermediates for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and epoxy resins, has attracted extensive attention. Unlike the conventional electrochemical Br−/Br2-mediated epoxidation, here the authors report a photoelectrochemical Br−/BrO−- mediated system to achieve efficient epoxidation performance on α-Fe2O3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the shear behavior of U-shaped steel–concrete composite beams (USCCBs), which include eight full-scale beam specimens with different loading directions, loading positions, and shear span ratios. The USCCB is composed of reinforcing bars, encased concrete, U-shaped steel plate, headed studs, and novel dumbbell-shaped connectors. The three-point loading tests were carried out to confirm the shear failure mode and force-transfer mechanism of a concentrated load. The diagonal compression failure of encased concrete, welding fracture and local buckling of U-shaped steel plate, and cracking and spalling of concrete slab were observed in the experiments. The displacement ductility factor of eight specimens was between 1.55 and 3.61, and a rapid drop of the load did not occur in this study. The concrete slab reached ultimate compressive strength, the U-shaped steel plate mainly reached yield strength, and the steel–concrete relative slip or separation did not occur before the load reached peak value. The loading direction and shear span ratio have more effect on the bearing capacity of specimens. The novel connector controls the buckling range of the steel plate, but it has less effect on the bearing capacity. The transfer path of the shear load was measured and analyzed by strain data, and the included angle was between 33.5° and 49.2°. The calculation method of shear capacity for USCCB specimens was proposed, and the average ratio of calculation/test was 1.04. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking a resource perspective, we examined the relationships between employee authenticity and work attitudes/behaviors, focusing especially on the mediating role of psychological capital and the moderating role of leader authenticity. Data were collected with a three-wave survey administered to a sample of 588 employees from a biological manufacturing company in eastern China. Our results showed that employee authenticity can promote positive work attitudes/behaviors and inhibit negative ones among employees. The underlying mechanism is that employee authenticity can be converted into psychological capital, which is a positive psychological resource, and can further shape employee work attitudes and behaviors. Additionally, leader authenticity, as a job resource in the work environment, strengthens this conversion. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building on the dualistic model of passion Vallerand (The psychology of passion: A dualistic model. Oxford University Press, New York, 2015), we examined a hypothesized model whereby harmonious and obsessive passion mediate the relationships of job crafting and leader autonomy support with work engagement and burnout in both Australian and Chinese work samples. Compared with four alternative models, our results supported the hypothesized model as the best fitting model in both samples, showing cross-sample invariance of factor loadings and regression paths. Across both samples, job crafting and leader autonomy support positively predicted harmonious passion, yet exhibited disparate relations with obsessive passion. Both forms of passion positively predicted work engagement, yet only obsessive passion positively predicted burnout. Findings are consistent with the notion that job crafting is an approach that employees use to internalize harmonious and obsessive passions into work identities, which have corresponding and disparate impacts on work engagement and burnout across cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beryllium (Be) may be a substitute for GaN p-type dopant magnesium due to its smaller atomic size and higher electronegativity. However, Be has been shown to be a deep acceptor in recent experiments. By using the hybrid functional based on density functional theory (DFT), we predict two acceptors with symmetric-broken configurations (SB1 and SB2) in neutral charge state of Be substitutional doping, and analyze their optical and electronic properties. The ionization energy and emission peak of the symmetric-broken configuration SB2 are almost the same as the ground-state (neutral charge state) configuration SB1. Our work provides a comprehensive understanding of the deep acceptor behavior of Be in wurtzite GaN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior research shows mixed results on the relationship between well-being and economic growth, and the relationship between well-being and population size, yet consistent associations between well-being and green space. This paper aims to analyse the relationship between city residents' well-being and three established indicators: economic growth (as measured by GDP per capita), population size, and green space. A Big Data approach based on the lexica used on social media was proposed to develop well-being indicators. Using the 2016 data of Weibo (i.e. the Chinese version of Twitter), this study finds that the relationship between residents' well-being and GDP per capita and the relationship between residents' well-being and population size both form inverted U-shaped curves. Specifically, for poor cities, levels of well-being increase as GDP per capita increases. But after peaking at around the median GDP per capita point, levels of well-being drop as the city's economy continues to increase. Similarly, levels of well-being increase with population size for small cities, but decrease for those cities whose population sizes rank in the top quarter. In contrast, there is a positive relationship between well-being and the percentage of green space for all cities. Implications and future directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conduct a multi-round experiment on a punishment game using both the strategy method and the direct-response method. In the game, the sender may make decisions that are either favorable or unfavorable to the receiver, whereas the receiver may reward the favorable decision and/or punish the unfavorable decision. The hot-versus-cold effect is observed in both sender behaviors and receiver behaviors. Under the strategy method, the senders more often adopt decisions that are favorable to the receivers, whereas the receivers impose punishment more frequently than under the direct-response method. We suggest that in the multi-round experiment, the strategic value of punishment dominates the taste for punishment from the perspective of the receiver. According to our explanation based on mental accounting, the utility of imposing punishment is higher under the strategy method than under the direct-response method. Hence, the receiver is more likely to make punishment decisions. This difference in receiver behaviors prompts the sender to make receiver-favorable decisions more frequently under the strategy method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbial cell surface display technology can redesign cell surfaces with functional proteins and peptides to endow cells some unique features. Foreign peptides or proteins are transported out of cells and immobilized on cell surface by fusing with anchoring proteins, which is an effective solution to avoid substance transfer limitation, enzyme purification, and enzyme instability. As the most frequently used prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein surface display system, bacterial and yeast surface display systems have been widely applied in vaccine, biocatalysis, biosensor, bioadsorption, and polypeptide library screening. In this review of bacterial and yeast surface display systems, different cell surface display mechanisms and their applications in biocatalysis as well as biosensors are described with their strengths and shortcomings. In addition to single enzyme display systems, multi-enzyme co-display systems are presented here. Finally, future developments based on our and other previous reports are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the coadsorption of cyclohexane and oxygen of Pt(III) by HREELS and TDS. HREES spectra of cyclohexanone on the Pt(III) surface with preadsorption of oxygen; Formation of intermediate species and disappearance of the C=O stretching band after heating the coadsorbed surface; Cleavage of the molecule rings of dehydrogenation species.

In this paper, a novel array of quasi-three-dimensional (quasi-3D) bowtie nanoantennas has been investigated numerically and experimentally. A low-cost and facile method has been designed and implemented to fabricate the quasi-3D bowtie nanoantennas. The fabrication processes containing laser patterning and wet etching have demonstrated the advantages of easily tuning the periodic and diameter of microhole arrays. According to the simulated results, the electric and magnetic resonances at visible wavelengths are obtained in the tips and contours of the metamaterials made of the quasi-3D bowtie nanoantennas, respectively. The effects of the size and gap of quasi-3D bowtie nanoantennas on the array performance have also been studied. The underlying mechanism suggests that different electric and magnetic resonant ranges of the metamaterials could contribute to the broad resonant range for the monolithic metamaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]