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The world becomes advance rapidly, and the demand of perishable food increases in the global market. Food firms perceive the cheapest supply chain process for the delivery of products to end consumers. Apart from that, consumer demands high quality and safe products with competitive price. In the global intense competition, China introduced One Belt One Road (OBOR) advanced feature supply chain management system to cut the cost of production for these product firms as well as functionally deliver high quality and green products to end consumer without affecting from high environment temperature. Respectively, the graphical research model and the multi-objective method were developed to examine the estimated perishable product trading figures with consideration to quality, which is achieved by accumulating the advanced transportation features offered by OBOR supply chain management as compared to ancient rail route supply chain. To prove this, "simulation optimization function was applied to measure the probability of time-saving for perishable product quality from environmental effects and its influences over product demand." Some perishable products were selected, and their trading figures and demand value were measured by comparing both rail route environmental effects over demand, weights of products, and trade. The results declare perishable food quality and trading volume increased due to fast delivery of products to numerous countries, having cold supply chain feature under OBOR supply chain management and estimated 25 days of time-saving. Comparative analysis discloses the coherent picture of both trading routes used for delivering the products. "The findings show large amount of time-saving maximizes perishable product quality from environmental influence" estimated 3 times higher with fast train supply chain. Conceptually, perceived from the idea, when and if maglev train 600 km over an hour will be used for perishable product supply chain purpose in the near future, the estimated quality of perishable products and trading is considered to be more than 5 times higher as compared to ancient supply chain route. The study suggests future research direction on topics, food quality along with supply chain management system, and environmental impact measurement policy under different supply chain routes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The food supply chain is very complicated as compared to other supply chain networks. Adulteration and fraud are common in the food supply chain. "World food safety is at risk, and consumers are worried about vulnerability, contamination, and fraud activities." Moreover, time delay increases the detritions and spoilage conditions in perishable foods. Consumers want timely delivery of foods with maximum surety of safety and quality of foods. Respectively, graphical research method developed to ascertain consumer "both aspect" estimated total robustness. "There is a need to increase the food supply chain network robustness according to the consumer point of view—logistics regression and simulation technique used to find the estimated results." We analyzed, to provide the food delivery to consumers beyond their expectations before ever, give a chance to increase food supply chain robustness through physiologically "perception" and actually "saving 2000 miles." Although to prove this strategy, we select the advanced supply chain network of China one belt one road to deliver foods to end consumers "estimated 2.5 times more robust than ancient network." Additionally, this robust supply chain network provides fast delivery of foods with quick traceability, gives less time for fraud activities, increases food supply chain performance, and decreases the vulnerability ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To cope with the supply-demand mismatch in the global market, transnational enterprises usually adopt the strategy of lateral transshipment. This paper studies the production planning, transshipment and carbon trading problem of a large transnational manufacturer in a global supply chain. Two countries are involved in the operation of the transnational manufacturer, where different carbon trading mechanisms are implemented. Operational decisions of the transnational manufacturer are optimized in a mixed integer programming model with the purpose of maximizing its total profit. Then, we analyze the influence of the difference between carbon trading mechanisms on the transnational manufacturer, retailers, the countries involved and the global supply chain. Theoretically, our research enriches the research streams of lateral transshipment and carbon cap-and-trade policy. Moreover, managerial insights are provided for global supply chain members and international emission reduction regulators, which contribute to the smooth operation of global supply chains and enhance emission reduction. Especially, the conditions under which local governments should emphasize on economic development or environmental protection are revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collecting samples is one of the main difficulties for face recognition, for example, in most of the real-world applications such as law enhancement, e-passport, and ID card identification, it is customary to collect a single sample per person (SSPP). Unfortunately, in such SSPP scenario, many presented face recognition methods suffer serious performance drop or fail due to their inability to learn the discriminative information of a person from a single sample. To address the SSPP problem, in this paper, we propose a multiple feature subspaces analysis (MFSA) approach, which takes advantage of facial symmetry. First, we divide each enrolled face into two halves about the bilateral symmetry axis and further partition every half into several local face patches. Second, we cluster all the patches into multiple groups according to their locations at the half face and formulate SSPP as a MFSA problem by learning a feature subspace for each group, so that the confusion between inter-class and intra-class variations of face patches is removed and more discriminative features can be extracted from each subspace. To recognize a target person, a k-NN classifier is employed in each subspace to predict the label of a face patch and majority voting strategy is used to identify the unlabeled subject. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, MFSA is effortless and efficient in implementing, but achieves either better or competitive performance when recognizing face images taken in both constrained and unconstrained environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is one of the most popular feature extraction methods in image recognition. Nevertheless, LDA always suffers from some undesired behaviors caused by globality, namely ignoring local geometric structure of images. To fully capture the geometric information, we propose a novel two-dimensional linear discriminant analysis with locality preserving (2DLP-LDA) approach, which can cover both within-class and between-class local geometric information. 2DLP-LDA re-characterizes the within-class scatter matrix by employing locality preserving projection technique and re-characterizes the between-class scatter matrix by introducing a Gaussian weighting function, making the samples from the same class moderately cluster, while the samples from different classes properly distribute in the reduced subspace. Encouraging experimental results on FERET face database as well as SEU bovine iris database show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we show that a state feedback method, which has successfully been used to control unstable steady states or periodic orbits, provides a tool to control the Hopf bifurcation for a novel congestion control model, i.e., the exponential RED algorithm with a single link and single source. We choose the gain parameter as the bifurcation parameter. Without control, the bifurcation will occur early; meanwhile, the model can maintain a stationary sending rate only in a certain domain of the gain parameter. However, outside of this domain the model still possesses a stable sending rate that can be guaranteed by the state feedback control, and the onset of the undesirable Hopf bifurcation is postponed. Numerical simulations are given to justify the validity of the state feedback controller in the bifurcation control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors extend the Gazi’s swarm model with local neighbor rules and the dynamic communication topology, and study its aggregation properties. Results of analysis show that all agents in the models aggregate and eventually form a cohesive cluster of finite size around the swarm center or the appointed point. Finally, simulations are provided to testify some of the results. Models in the paper are more applicable to the reality for the advantage that each agent only needs the partial information of the entire dynamic system when making motion decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]