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As a typical spatial interpolation method with high efficiency and simplicity, inverse distance weighting (IDW) is almost a standard estimator in numerous fields such as geosciences and environmental science. However, it ignores the data-to-data correlation, which directly leads to unfavorable estimates with irregularly distributed samples. To address this issue, we propose a novel approach, termed dual IDW (DIDW). First, the average distance from one sample to others is employed to measure the data redundancy. Second, we impose an additional exponent on the average distance to make its importance adjustable. Last, this data-to-data distance is incorporated into the traditional IDW to account for the spatial configuration of neighborhoods in the interpolation. Consequently, DIDW flexibly takes both data-to-unknown and data-to-data distances into account. Only those samples that are close to the estimated location but apart from other sampled data would be assigned with large estimation weights. Details of its application and the validity are illustrated using a case study based on the public Walker Lake dataset. Our results indicate that the developed methods not only improve the interpolation accuracy significantly compared with the traditional IDW, but also slightly outperform ordinary kriging in the case where the sample dataset is too small to capture an appropriate spatial continuity, demonstrating that DIDW is valuable to be applied in a broader context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 3D voxel model is the foundation of geological property modeling, and it is also an effective approach to achieve the 3D visualization of heterogeneous attributes in geological structures. Corner-point grid is a representative structured grid model that is widely used nowadays. When implementing subdivision for the complex geological structure model with folds, its structural morphology and bedding features should be fully considered to ensure the generated voxels keep its original morphology. And on the basis of which, the detailed bedding features and the spatial heterogeneity of the internal attributes will be reproduced and expressed in the voxel model. For the purpose of overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technologies, a new corner-point-grid-based voxelization method is proposed which aims at the fast conversion from the 3D geological structure model with folds to its fine voxel model. As the rule of isocline in Ramsay's fold classification is adopted in the gridding, the generated voxel model conforms to the spatial features of folds, and the voxels of the laminas inside a fold match the result of geological sedimentation and tectonic movement. This will provide a carrier and model foundation for the subsequent attribute assignment as well as the quantitative analysis and evaluation. Through the comparative analysis between the examples and Ramsay's description of fold's isoclines, the effectiveness and advantages of this method are discussed and tested. Graphical abstract: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To demonstrate that miR-9 inhibits autophagy by down-regulating Beclin1 and thus enhances the sensitivity of A549 cells to cisplatin. Results: MiR-9 inhibited Beclin1 expression by binding to its 3′UTR. The inhibition decreased the cisplatin-induced autophagy in A549 cells, evidenced by the decreased expression of LC3II and GFP-LC3 puncta and the increased expression of P62. Upregulation of miR-9 level enhanced the sensibility of A549 cells to cisplatin and increased the cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Overexpression of Beclin1 reversed above effects of miR-9 mimics, cisplatin-induced autophagy was increased and apoptosis was decreased. Conclusions: MiR-9 inhibits autophagy via targeting Beclin1 3′UTR and thus enhances cisplatin sensitivity in A549 cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]