Search

Differing from conventional improvements on backpropagation (BP) neural network, a novel neural network is proposed and investigated in this paper to overcome the BP neural-network weaknesses, which is called the multiple-input feed-forward neural network activated by Chebyshev polynomials of Class 2 (MINN-CP2). In addition, to obtain the optimal number of hidden-layer neurons and the optimal linking weights of the MINN-CP2, the paper develops an algorithm of weights and structure determination (WASD) via cross-validation. Numerical studies show the effectiveness and superior abilities (in terms of approximation and generalization) of the MINN-CP2 equipped with the algorithm of WASD via cross-validation. Moreover, an application to gray image denoising demonstrates the effective implementation and application prospect of the proposed MINN-CP2 equipped with the algorithm of WASD via cross-validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rice leafroller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, is one of the most important pests on rice and possesses striking flight ability. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the 15,377 bp of a C. medinalis mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). The mtDNA encodes 37 genes and shows a unique lepidopteran CR-M-I-Q arrangement. Three possible substructures were detected in C. medinalis and some other lepidopteran insects' control region. The findings might be relevant to the regulation of mtDNA replication and transcription. Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed among 19 families in Lepidoptera so far. Cnaphalocrocis medinalis forms a reciprocal monophyletic group with Ostrinia in clade Crambidae instead of Pyralidae. The topology between Papilionoidea and other superfamilies showed an apparent contradiction with traditional Lepidopteran classification. As a well-known migratory insect, the molecular information contained in C. medinalis mtDNA may provide a further insight into the evolution of mitochondria genes and insect species, and may help to better understanding the energy metabolism of invertebrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]