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In order to tackle the problem of reducing the transmission delay of multi-data acquisition source nodes in wireless sensor networks, we propose a cooperative method based on decode-and-forward (DF) and physical-layer network coding. In this proposed method, the two source nodes simultaneously transmit the respective information to the relay node and the data sink node using the orthogonal carriers. The relay node demodulates the received information separately from two source nodes and employs quadrature phase shift keying to modulate these information before forwarding them. The data sink node decodes the information of two source nodes using log likelihood ratio based on the signals received from the direct link and the relay link. Simulation results of bit error rate and system throughput show that the cooperative method can effectively improve the performance of the cooperative system compared with the traditional DF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kidney stone is a common and highly recurrent disease in urology, and its pathogenesis is associated with various factors. However, its precise pathogenesis is still unknown. Ferroptosis describes a form of regulated cell death that is driven by unrestricted lipid peroxidation, which does not require the activation of caspase and can be suppressed by iron chelators, lipophilic antioxidants, inhibitors of lipid peroxidation, and depletion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis plays a crucial role in kidney stone formation. An increasing number of studies have shown that calcium oxalate, urate, phosphate, and selenium deficiency induce ferroptosis and promote kidney stone formation through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy. We also offered a new direction for the downstream mechanism of ferroptosis in kidney stone formation based on the "death wave" phenomenon. We reviewed the emerging role of ferroptosis in kidney stone formation and provided new ideas for the future treatment and prevention of kidney stones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decapterus maruadsi is one of the representative offshore fish in the Western Pacific. Since the last century, it has become a commercially valuable marine fishery species in the Western Pacific region. Despite its high economic value, there is still a lack of high-quality reference genome of D. maruadsi in germplasm resource evaluation research. Here we report a chromosome-level reference genome of D. maruadsi based on Nanopore sequencing and Hi-C technologies. The whole genome was assembled through 169 contigs with a total length of 723.69 Mb and a contig N50 length of 24.67 Mb. By chromosome scaffolding, 23 chromosomes with a total length of 713.58 Mb were constructed. In addition, a total of 199.49 Mb repetitive elements, 33,515 protein-coding genes, and 6,431 ncRNAs were annotated in the reference genome. This reference genome of D. maruadsi will provide a solid theoretical basis not only for the subsequent development of genomic resources of D. maruadsi but also for the formulation of policies related to the protection of D. maruadsi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Downwelling aeration has become a widely applied approach to cope with the water eutrophication in stratified reservoirs, rivers and lakes. The aeration parameters involving flow rate, flow locations and working periodicity and their impacts on the temperature and dissolved oxygen (DO) distributions of water have been largely unclarified, causing extra time and energy consumptions in practice. In this study, a home-built water tank and an aeration pump are used to model the downwelling aeration processes in stratified water. Temporal influences of aeration parameters on the water stratifications and eutrophicated elements are systemically investigated, with the purpose of searching parametric configurations to enhance the anti-eutrophication efficiency. It is found that the variation rates of temperature destratification and DO distribution in the water body could be saturated and strongly correlated with the flow rate. Based on such experimental saturation rates, we find an optimized working condition from the aspect of energy saving: a 300 rpm pump speed and a 15 cm distance between the flow exit and the sediment surface. In such conditions, the total nitrogen and phosphorus dissolved in the bottom layer of water decrease exponentially with aeration time, and can be reduced by 53.8 and 86% in the first 6 h of aerations, respectively, taking full advantage of the microbial bonding to the sedimentations. The present work provides better understandings for efficient implementations of downwelling aerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genome selection is mainly used in disease-resistant traits of aquatic species; however, its implementation is hindered by a high cost of genotype and phenotype data collection. Single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (SSGBLUP) can integrate phenotypes, genetic markers, and pedigree records into simultaneous prediction without increasing genotyping costs. The objective of this study is to investigate the performance of SSGBLUP in large yellow croaker and to evaluate the effects of the number of phenotypic records and genotyping per family on the predictive ability of SSGBLUP. A large yellow croaker population consists of 6898 individuals from 14 families with survival time resistant against Cryptocaryon irritans (C. irritans), body weight (BW), and body length (BL) traits were collected, of which 669 individuals were genotyped. Results showed that the mean predictive ability of all traits in the individuals randomly sampling for SSGBLUP, GBLUP, and BLUP was 0.738, 0.738, and 0.736, respectively. Moreover, the predictive ability of SSGBLUP and BLUP models did not increase with the extra phenotypic records per family, in which the predictive ability of SSGBLUP and BLUP in survival time was 0.853 and 0.851 for only genotyped data (N = 0) used, and 0.852, 0.845 for all phenotypic records (N = 600) used, respectively. However, with the increase in the genotype number of training set, the prediction ability of SSGBLUP and GBLUP model was increased and the highest predictive ability was gained when the genotype number per family was 40 or 45. In addition, the prediction ability of SSGBLUP model was higher than that of GBLUP. Our study showed that the SSGBLUP model still has great potential and advantages in genomic breeding of large yellow croakers. It is recommended that each family provide 100 phenotypic individuals, of which 40 individuals with genotyping data for SSGBLUP model prediction and family resistance evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seismological observations suggest that Earth's inner core (IC) is heterogeneous and anisotropic. Increasing seismological observations make the understanding of the mineralogy and mechanism for the complex IC texture extremely challenging, and the driving force for the anisotropic texture remains unclear. Under IC conditions, hydrogen becomes highly diffusive like liquid in the hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) solid Fe lattice, which is known as the superionic state. Here, we reveal that H-ion diffusion in superionic Fe-H alloy is anisotropic with the lowest barrier energy along the c-axis. In the presence of an external electric field, the alignment of the Fe-H lattice with the c-axis pointing to the field direction is energetically favorable. Due to this effect, Fe-H alloys are aligned with the c-axis parallel to the equatorial plane by the diffusion of the north–south dipole geomagnetic field into the inner core. The aligned texture driven by the geomagnetic field presents significant seismic anisotropy, which explains the anisotropic seismic velocities in the IC, suggesting a strong coupling between the IC structure and geomagnetic field. Earth's inner core is heterogeneous and anisotropic. A new study based on computational simulation reveals the presence of ionic hydrogen flux in iron crystals, driven by the dipole geomagnetic field, which promotes the formation of observed inner core structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To overcome the limitations of the traditional sliding mode control (SMC) method, including steady-state errors, low tracking accuracy, external disturbances, and difficulties in estimating uncertain parameters, a nonlinear integral SMC method with an adaptive extreme learning machine (ELM) and a robust control term is developed. First, the ELM is used to approximate the uncertain parameters in the manipulator dynamics model to improve the tracking accuracy of the manipulator. In this process of using an ELM to approximate uncertain parameters, a method of adaptively updating the output weight is applied to improve the stability and closed-loop tracking accuracy of the system and ensure the real-time performance of manipulator control. A new nonlinear integral sliding mode function is designed to reduce the steady-state error of the system, avoid the issue of system instability caused by large initial errors of the system, and enable the system to track the desired trajectory quickly. Moreover, a robust control term is added to the SMC law to compensate for the error of ELM approximation, which increases the robustness of the manipulator and reduces the fluctuation amplitude of the control input in the presence of external disturbances. Finally, a simulation analysis is performed and stable convergence of the proposed method using Lyapunov stability functions is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel optical limiting (OL) experimental setup is proposed for evaluating laser-induced damage thresholds (LIDTs) of materials. This technique is based on the pump–probe method, and the damage can be measured using a probe beam with a delay adjusted according to experimental conditions. Moreover, the probe beam is controlled to reach the sample before the pump beam, and the pump beam waist is larger than the probe beam waist to facilitate measurement. In particular, using this probe beam, nonlinear effects of the material can be ignored. Compared with other traditional technologies, the proposed method allows direct observation of the OL threshold of the material as well as measurement of in situ and laser damage of the material. This technique can quantify the in situ damage and LIDTs of materials effectively and conveniently. The validity of this approach is demonstrated by measuring the LIDT of ZnSe. Such measurement method enables searching for more efficient laser protective materials with high LIDTs that can be widely used in laser protection and other applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuroticism is a personality trait that reflects emotional instability and is related to negative emotions, such as sensitivity to negative information and negative appraisal. Existing studies on the neural basis of the neuroticism personality trait have focused on explicit emotion processing and neglected to acknowledge the potentially important role of implicit emotion processing, especially using an fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) task with a Chinese sample. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate differences in brain activation in an implicit negative emotion processing fMRI task between individuals with high and low neuroticism scores within a Chinese sample. To this end, the revised NEO-PI-R (Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Personality Inventory) was used to identify 82 high-neuroticism participants and 82 low-neuroticism participants, who were then scanned during an implicit negative emotion processing fMRI task. Compared to the participants with low neuroticism scores, those with high neuroticism scores showed significantly decreased brain activation in the mPFC (medial prefrontal cortex), which plays a pivotal role in implicit emotion processing; these data might suggest that individuals with high neuroticism have deficits in implicit negative emotion processing, which may be related to their emotional instability, emotional regulation and attention-related spontaneous activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The orally available novel small molecule drug ZWF is under preclinical development for an anticancer purpose. The present study aimed to assess the viability of developing ZWF as a form of oral formulation for clinical application based on the principles of biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics. The crucial physicochemical properties of ZWF were determined by in vitro assays. The in situ gastrointestinal absorption characteristics and in vivo pharmacokinetic behaviors of ZWF in rats were characterized. The solubility of ZWF showed a highly pH-dependent profile, decreasing from 25,392.89 to 20.48 μg/mL as the solution pH increased from 1.0 to 5.8. In PBS with a pH of 1.0 to 5.8, the LogP value of ZWF ranged from −2.35 to 2.20 and was gradually increased as the pH value increased. ZWF was partially absorbed in the stomach, and the favorable absorption sites were the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the AUC(0-t) and Cmax values of ZWF after its oral administration as a suspension prepared with 0.5% CMC-Na were increased by 18.97% and 40% than that with normal saline, providing a model oral formulation of ZWF with ideal bioavailability and system exposure in rats. From the perspective of oral absorption, ZWF possessed appealing qualities as a drug candidate and could be prepared as an oral preparation for clinical application. The present study has established a fundamental foundation for the development and quality evaluation of the ZWF oral formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a novel single-shot pump-probe technique based on mirror array is proposed, which can be used to investigate the dynamics of nonlinear absorption with a single-shot femtosecond laser. Using this unique mirror array, the dispersion of femtosecond pulse laser caused by time delay can be avoided and the delay time can be increased effectively. Additionally, the energy requirements of the femtosecond laser are relatively low compared with conventional single-shot pump-probe technique. The validity of this technique is demonstrated by investigating the nonlinear absorption dynamics in ZnSe and symmetrical phenoxazinium bromine salt with 220 fs pulses at a wavelength of 515 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different family composition and size inevitably make only-children different from non-only-children. Previous studies have focused on the differences in behaviors, such as cognitive function and personality traits, between the only-child and the non-only-child. However, there are few studies that have focused on the topic of whether different family environments influence children's brain structural development and whether behavior differentially has its neural basis between only-child and non-only-child status. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the differences in cognition (e.g., intelligence and creativity) and personality and the anatomical structural differences of gray matter volume (GMV) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) between only-children and non-only-children. The behavioral results revealed that only-children exhibited higher flexibility scores (a dimension of creativity) and lower agreeableness scores (a dimension of personality traits) than non-only-children. Most importantly, the GMV results revealed that there were significant differences in the GMV between only-children and non-only-children that occurred mainly in the brain regions of the supramarginal gyrus, which was positively correlated with flexibility scores; the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which was positively correlated with agreeableness scores; and the parahippocampal gyrus. These findings may suggest that family environment (i.e., only-child vs. non-only-child), may play important roles in the development of the behavior and brain structure of individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In maladaptive respects, perfectionism reflects an individual's concern over making mistakes and doubting the quality of his or her own actions excessively, which would affect one's emotion. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms associated with the perfectionism and negative affect. In this study, voxel-based morphometry was performed to identify the brain regions underlying individual differences in perfectionism, which was measured by the Chinese Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (CFMPS), in a large sample of nonclinical young adults. Our results showed that the two subdimensions of the perfectionism, concern over mistakes (CM) and doubts about actions (DA), were both positively correlated with the self-reported anxiety and depression as well as the gray matter volume (GMV) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a pivotal brain region in cognitive control, affective state, and regulation. Moreover, CM, DA, and organization scores were respectively correlated with distributed brain regions involved in multiple cognitive and emotion processes. Our results furthermore revealed that the score of DA acted a mediational mechanism underlying the relationship between the GMV of ACC and self-rating negative affect (anxiety and depression). Taken together, these results might suggest the neuroanatomical basis of perfectionism and the association among the perfectionism, negative emotion, and brain architecture. This study emphasized that perfectionism could play a crucial role in the arousal of negative affect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individual differences in self-monitoring, which are the capability to adjust behavior to adapt to social situations, influence a wide range of social behaviors. However, understanding of focal differences in brain structures related to individual self-monitoring is minimal, particularly when micro and macro structures are considered simultaneously. The present study investigates the relationship between self-monitoring and brain structure in a relatively large sample of young adults. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) revealed a significant positive correlation between self-monitoring and gray matter volume in the dorsal cingulate anterior cortex (dACC), dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and bilateral ventral striatum (VS). Further analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between self-monitoring and white matter (WM) integrity, as indexed by fractional anisotropy (FA) in the anterior cingulum (ACG) bundle. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between self-monitoring and mean radius diffusion (RD). These results shed light on the structural neural basis of variation in self-monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigated the role of structural asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in the continuum of depression from healthy individuals to patients. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 70 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), 49 matched controls, and 349 healthy university students to calculate structural asymmetry indexes of the DLPFC. First-episode, treatment-naive MDD patients showed a relatively lower asymmetry index than healthy controls, and their asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms. This abnormality was normalized by antidepressants in medicated MDD patients. Furthermore, the asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms in university students; this was replicated at two time points in a subgroup of students, suggesting good test-retest reliability. Our findings are consistent with previous studies that support the imbalance hypothesis of MDD and suggest a potential structural basis underlying the functional asymmetry of the DLPFC in depression. In future, the structural index of the DLPFC may become a potential biomarker to evaluate individuals' risk for the onset of MDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Socioeconomic status (SES) is a complex phenomenon that is predicted by a broad spectrum of variables and is often conceptualized as a combination of financial, occupational, and educational influences. SES is associated with symptoms of depression and depression-related personality traits. Many studies have focused on the relationship between SES and depression symptoms in clinical subjects; however, there are few studies of the neural basis of the relationship between SES and depression-related personality traits in nonclinical subjects. Thus, in the present study, we studied the neural basis of the relationship between SES and depression-related traits. The first step was to use voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate the neuroanatomical basis underlying family SES in a large sample of healthy subjects. We found a significant negative correlation between family SES and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) that extending to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Then, the mediation analysis revealed that the correlation between family SES, especially family income, and depression-related traits were mediated by the region of the mPFC that extending to the ACC volume. These findings suggest that the family income may play more important role in driving depression-related traits than that of parental education. They also suggest that the mPFC extension to the ACC may play an important role in the correlation between familial SES, especially with respect to family income and the depression-related traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nonlinear, time-varying dynamic model for right-angle gear pair systems is formulated to analyze the existence of sub-harmonics and chaotic motions. This pure torsional gear pair system is characterized by its time-varying excitation, clearance, and asymmetric nonlinearities as well. The period-1 dynamic motions of the same system were obtained by solving the dimensionless equation of gear motion using an enhanced multi-term harmonic balance method (HBM) with a modified discrete Fourier transform process and the numerical continuation method presented in another paper by the authors. Here, the sub-harmonics and chaotic motions are studied using the same solution technique. The accuracy of the enhanced multi-term HBM is verified by comparing its results to the solutions obtained using the more computational intensive direct numerical integration method. Due to its inherent features, the enhanced multi-term HBM cannot predict the chaotic motions. However, the frequency ranges where chaotic motions exist can be predicted using the stability analysis of the HBM solutions. Parametric studies reveal that the decrease in drive load or the increase of kinematic transmission error (TE) can result in more complex gear dynamic motions. Finally, the frequency ranges for sub-harmonics and chaotic motions, as a function of TE and drive load, are obtained for an example case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and high-sensitivity technique is presented to investigate nonlinear refraction. In this technique, a combination of aperture and obscuration disk is introduced in the measurement system. Compared to the top-hat Z-scan, the curves of modified top-hat Z-scan for the nonlinear refraction show a single peak. Furthermore, the sensitivity of this new technique can be more than two orders of magnitude enhanced. Nonlinear refraction of Nd-doped phosphate glass is investigated using this technique with 19 ps pulses at wavelength of 532 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic disorders, and the ability of whole grains to affect both host metabolism and gut microbial ecology, suggest that some benefits of whole grains are mediated through their effects on the gut microbiome. Nutritional studies that assess the effect of whole grains on both the gut microbiome and human physiology are needed. We conducted a randomized cross-over trial with four-week treatments in which 28 healthy humans consumed a daily dose of 60 g of whole-grain barley (WGB), brown rice (BR), or an equal mixture of the two (BR+WGB), and characterized their impact on fecal microbial ecology and blood markers of inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. All treatments increased microbial diversity, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and the abundance of the genus Blautia in fecal samples. The inclusion of WGB enriched the genera Roseburia, Bifidobacterium and Dialister, and the species Eubacterium rectale, Roseburia faecis and Roseburia intestinalis. Whole grains, and especially the BR+WGB treatment, reduced plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and peak postprandial glucose. Shifts in the abundance of Eubacterium rectale were associated with changes in the glucose and insulin postprandial response. Interestingly, subjects with greater improvements in IL-6 levels harbored significantly higher proportions of Dialister and lower abundance of Coriobacteriaceae. In conclusion, this study revealed that a short-term intake of whole grains induced compositional alterations of the gut microbiota that coincided with improvements in host physiological measures related to metabolic dysfunctions in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nonlinear time-varying dynamic model for right-angle gear pair systems, considering both backlash and asymmetric mesh effects, is formulated. The mesh parameters that are characteristically time-varying and asymmetric include mesh stiffness, directional rotation radius and mesh damping. The period-one dynamic motions are obtained by solving the dimensionless equation of gear motion using an enhanced multi-term harmonic balance method (HBM) with a modified discrete Fourier Transform process and the numerical continuation method. The accuracy of the enhanced HBM solution is verified by comparison of its results to the more computational intensive, direct numerical integration calculations. Also, the Floquet theory is applied to determine the stability of the steady-state harmonic balance solutions. Finally, a set of parametric studies are performed to determine quantitatively the effects of the variation and asymmetry in mesh stiffness and directional rotation radius on the gear dynamic responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method is reported to simultaneously measure the nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients of materials using a nonlinear-imaging technique with a phase object. In this technique, the sign and magnitude of both the nonlinear absorption and refraction can be acquired conveniently from the analysis of three experiment images: the linear image, the nonlinear image and the image without sample. In order to validate our approach, we demonstrate this method for ZnSe at 532 nm where two-photon absorption is present and the nonlinear refractive index n 2 is negative. The values of β (nonlinear absorption coefficient) and n 2 we measured are very close to the values found in other literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan has been classified as a world nature legacy by UNESCO. The hydrologic cycle is the research emphasis in this area. Using isotope technique of natural water can effectively trace water origin and transportation process, and reveal recharge and discharge relation of various water bodies and hydraulic connection about various hydrogeologic units. This has important applications and scientific significance for protecting and developing the precious natural resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a hallmark of electronic correlation, spin-charge interplay underlies many emergent phenomena in doped Mott insulators, such as high-temperature superconductivity, whereas the half-filled parent state is usually electronically frozen with an antiferromagnetic order that resists external control. We report on the observation of a positive magnetoresistance that probes the staggered susceptibility of a pseudospin-half square-lattice Mott insulator built as an artificial SrIrO3/SrTiO3 superlattice. Its size is particularly large in the high-temperature insulating paramagnetic phase near the Néel transition. This magnetoresistance originates from a collective charge response to the large longitudinal spin fluctuations under a linear coupling between the external magnetic field and the staggered magnetization enabled by strong spin-orbit interaction. Our results demonstrate a magnetic control of the binding energy of the fluctuating particle-hole pairs in the Slater-Mott crossover regime analogous to the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer-to-Bose-Einstein condensation crossover of ultracold-superfluids. Spin-charge interactions are at the core of electronic correlation phenomena in Mott insulators. Here, the authors observe a positive anomalous magnetoresistance in a SrIrO3/SrTiO3 superlattice, indicative of strong spin-charge fluctuations in this pseudospin-half square-lattice Mott insulator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a novel soft-hard template method towards the direct fabrication of graphene films on silicon/silica substrate is developed via a tri-constituent self-assembly route. Using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a soft template, silica (SiO2) from tetramethoxysilane as a hard template, and pyrene as a carbon source, the self-assembly process allows the formation of a sandwich-like SiO2/CTAB/pyrene composite, which can be further converted to high quantity graphene films with a thickness of ~1 nm and a size of over 5 μm by thermal treatment. The morphology and thickness of the graphene films can be effectively controlled through the adjustment of the ratio of pyrene to CTAB. Furthermore, a high nonlinear refractive index n2 of ~10−12 m2 W−1 is measured from graphene/silica hybrid film, which is six orders of magnitude larger than that of silicon and comparable to the graphene from chemical vapor deposition process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although cognitive and personality studies have observed gender differences in narcissism, the neural bases of these differences remain unknown. The current study combined the voxel-based morphometry and resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) analyses to explore the sex-specific neural basis of narcissistic personality. The VBM results showed that the relationship between narcissistic personality and regional gray matter volume (rGMV) differed between sexes. Narcissistic scores had a significant positive correlation with the rGMV of the right SPL in females, but not in males. Further analyses were conducted to investigate the sex-specific relationship between rsFC and narcissism, using right SPL/frontal eye fields (FEF) as the seed regions (key nodes of the dorsal attention network, DAN). Interestingly, decreased anticorrelations between the right SPL/FEF and areas of the precuneus and middle frontal gyrus (key nodes of the the default mode network, DMN) were associated with higher narcissistic personality scores in males, whereas females showed the opposite tendency. The findings indicate that gender differences in narcissism may be associated with differences in the intrinsic and dynamic interplay between the internally-directed DMN and the externally-directed TPN. Morphometry and functional connectivity analyses can enhance our understanding of the neural basis of sex-specific narcissism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]