1. Cortical and subcortical neuroanatomical signatures of schizotypy in 3004 individuals assessed in a worldwide ENIGMA study
- Author
-
Igor Nenadic, André Aleman, Martin Debbané, Verena Enneking, Ashley Moyett, Tilo Kircher, Elisabeth J. Leehr, Axel Krug, Carina Hülsmann, Paul M. Thompson, Bernhard T. Baune, Benazir Hodzic-Santor, Imke Lemmers-Jansen, Dominik Grotegerd, Iris E. C. Sommer, Yi Wang, Alex Fornito, Casey Paquola, Irina Lebedeva, Petya Kozhuharova, Yann Quidé, Gemma Modinos, Kristina Wiebels, Raymond C.K. Chan, Preethi Premkumar, Kelly M. J. Diederen, Mark A. Bellgrove, Lukasz Smigielski, Boris C. Bernhardt, Matthias Kirschner, Phillip Grant, Jessica A. Turner, Jeggan Tiego, Tina Meller, Jan-Bernard C Marsman, Paul Allen, Veena Kumari, Thomas J. Spencer, Haeme R.P. Park, Alain Dagher, Melissa J. Green, Theo G.M. van Erp, Paul C. Fletcher, Mathilde Antoniades, Ulrich Ettinger, David M. A. Mehler, Christian Gaser, Melodie Derome, Aurina Arnatkeviciute, Christos Pantelis, James Gilleen, Melissa Klug, Pamela DeRosse, Sanne Schuite-Koops, Wulf Rössler, Alexander Tomyshev, Stefan Kaiser, Anne-Kathrin Fett, Sara Larivière, Katharina Koch, Joscha Böhnlein, Anna Mukhorina, Bianca Besteher, Marius Gruber, Udo Dannlowski, Harald Kugel, Clinical Developmental Psychology, APH - Mental Health, Kirschner, Matthias [0000-0002-9486-1439], Fornito, Alex [0000-0003-0866-3477], Bellgrove, Mark A [0000-0003-0186-8349], Tiego, Jeggan [0000-0001-7835-6398], Dannlowski, Udo [0000-0002-0623-3759], Kugel, Harald [0000-0002-4349-1984], Böhnlein, Joscha [0000-0002-9870-5599], DeRosse, Pamela [0000-0003-0823-8163], Pantelis, Christos [0000-0002-9565-0238], Chan, Raymond [0000-0001-7571-6933], Kumari, Veena [0000-0002-9635-5505], Wiebels, Kristina [0000-0002-5360-5965], Mukhorina, Anna [0000-0003-2369-5493], Larivière, Sara [0000-0001-5701-1307], Dagher, Alain [0000-0002-0945-5779], van Erp, Theo GM [0000-0002-2465-2797], Turner, Jessica A [0000-0003-0076-8434], Modinos, Gemma [0000-0002-7870-066X], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Perceptual and Cognitive Neuroscience (PCN), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Movement Disorder (MD), and Clinical Neuropsychology
- Subjects
Male ,Psychosis ,Bipolar Disorder ,Schizotypy ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Ventromedial prefrontal cortex ,BF ,psychology ,Schizotypal Personality Disorder ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Bipolar disorder ,Antipsychotic ,education ,Molecular Biology ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Brain morphometry ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,030227 psychiatry ,schizophrenia ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Psychotic Disorders ,Schizophrenia ,RC0321 ,Female ,business ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Neuroanatomical abnormalities have been reported along a continuum from at-risk stages, including high schizotypy, to early and chronic psychosis. However, a comprehensive neuroanatomical mapping of schizotypy remains to be established. The authors conducted the first large-scale meta-analyses of cortical and subcortical morphometric patterns of schizotypy in healthy individuals, and compared these patterns with neuroanatomical abnormalities observed in major psychiatric disorders. The sample comprised 3004 unmedicated healthy individuals (12–68 years, 46.5% male) from 29 cohorts of the worldwide ENIGMA Schizotypy working group. Cortical and subcortical effect size maps with schizotypy scores were generated using standardized methods. Pattern similarities were assessed between the schizotypy-related cortical and subcortical maps and effect size maps from comparisons of schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD) and major depression (MDD) patients with controls. Thicker right medial orbitofrontal/ventromedial prefrontal cortex (mOFC/vmPFC) was associated with higher schizotypy scores (r = 0.067, pFDR = 0.02). The cortical thickness profile in schizotypy was positively correlated with cortical abnormalities in SZ (r = 0.285, pspin = 0.024), but not BD (r = 0.166, pspin = 0.205) or MDD (r = −0.274, pspin = 0.073). The schizotypy-related subcortical volume pattern was negatively correlated with subcortical abnormalities in SZ (rho = −0.690, pspin = 0.006), BD (rho = −0.672, pspin = 0.009), and MDD (rho = −0.692, pspin = 0.004). Comprehensive mapping of schizotypy-related brain morphometry in the general population revealed a significant relationship between higher schizotypy and thicker mOFC/vmPFC, in the absence of confounding effects due to antipsychotic medication or disease chronicity. The cortical pattern similarity between schizotypy and schizophrenia yields new insights into a dimensional neurobiological continuity across the extended psychosis phenotype.
- Published
- 2021