1. Observations of bedforms on a dissipative macrotidal beach.
- Author
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Miles, Jon, Thorpe, Antony, Russell, Paul, and Masselink, Gerd
- Subjects
- *
SCIENTIFIC observation , *BEACHES , *WAVELENGTHS , *OCEAN currents , *SKEWNESS (Probability theory) , *FLUID flow - Abstract
Field measurements of wave ripples and megaripples were made with a Sand Ripple Profiler in the surf and shoaling zones of a sandy macrotidal dissipative beach at Perranporth, UK in depths 1-6 m and significant wave heights up to 2.2 m. A frequency domain partitioning approach allowed quantification of height ( η), length ( λ) and migration rate of ripples and megaripples. Wave ripples with heights up to 2 cm and wavelengths ∼20 cm developed in low orbital velocity conditions ( u < 0.65 m/s) with mobility number ψ < 25. Wave ripple heights decreased with increasing orbital velocity and were flattened when mean currents were >0.1 m/s. Wave ripples were superimposed on top of megaripples ( η = 10 cm, λ = 1 m) and contributed up to 35 % of the total bed roughness. Large megaripples with heights up to 30 cm and lengths 1-1.8 m developed when the orbital velocity was 0.5-0.8 m/s, corresponding to mobility numbers 25-50. Megaripple heights and wavelengths increased with orbital velocity but reduced when mean current strengths were >0.15 m/s. Wave ripple and megaripple migrations were generally onshore directed in the shoaling and surf zones. Onshore ripple migration rates increased with onshore-directed (+ve) incident wave skewness. The onshore migration rate reduced as offshore-directed mean flows (undertow) increased in strength and reached zero when the offshore-directed mean flow was >0.15 m/s. The migration pattern was therefore linked to cross-shore position relative to the surf zone, controlled by competition between onshore-directed velocity skewness and offshore-directed mean flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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