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Neutrons appear to be ideal test particles to search for non-Newtonian gravity at micrometer separations, as with their vanishing electrostatic sensitivity they avoid many of the problems appearing with other test masses. Over the past decade, the qBounce collaboration has developed a technique named gravity resonance spectroscopy (GRS) that allows probing the bound states of ultracold neutrons in the Earth's gravitational field. With the successful implementation of Ramsey spectroscopy and long interaction times, the setup presented promises to test Einstein's gravity with unprecedented sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The convergence of full discretisations by implicit Runge-Kutta and nonconforming Galerkin methods applied to nonlinear evolutionary inequalities is studied. The scope of applications includes differential inclusions governed by a nonlinear operator that is monotone and fulfills a certain growth condition. A basic assumption on the considered class of stiffly accurate Runge-Kutta time discretisations is a stability criterion which is in particular satisfied by the Radau IIA and Lobatto IIIC methods. In order to allow nonconforming hp-finite element approximations of unilateral constraints, set convergence of convex subsets in the sense of Glowinski-Mosco-Stummel is utilised. An appropriate formulation of the fully discrete variational inequality is deduced on the basis of a characteristic example of use, a Signorini-type initial-boundary value problem. Under hypotheses close to the existence theory of nonlinear first-order evolutionary equations and inequalities involving a monotone main part, a convergence result for the piecewise constant in time interpolant is established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Unlike colon surgery, gastric surgery developed only slowly. Standardized stomach surgery can be said to have begun in 1881 with Billroth's successful gastric resection. The Department of Surgery in Graz was involved in the development and then rapid dissemination of gastric surgery, with respect to both ulcer and cancer surgery. Since the introduction of the modern proton-pump inhibitors, surgery for gastric ulcers today is mainly limited to the treatment of complications. In spite of the worldwide decrease in the incidence of stomach cancer, it is still of great clinical importance in Austria. METHODS: The development of gastric surgery at the Department of Surgery in Graz is presented on the basis of the literature. RESULTS: Still today, the only curative option for stomach cancer is radical surgical removal with lymphadenectomy as indicated. In the period of January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2004, 341 patients with stomach cancer were treated at the Division of General Surgery in Graz; 265 of them could be operated and the average 5-year survival rate was 36% without regard to tumor stage. CONCLUSIONS: It may be said that more than one hundred years of development have led to the standardization and optimization of gastric surgery, and that the contributions of surgeons in Austria and in Graz were considerable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Herz-, Thorax- und Gefaesschirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The third-order susceptibilities χ(−ω;ω,ω,ω) of some liquids, solids and air are determined by third-harmonic generation. The samples are placed behind the focal region of a laser beam in an evacuated environment to avoid third-harmonic generation of the surroundings. For fluid media the sample cell is made out of two thin fused quartz plates and oriented to an angle of zero net third-harmonic production in each window (minimum Maker fringe position). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Der Unfallchirurg is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Unfallchirurg is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)