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The effects of intravenous injection of nicotinic acid (NA) on serum cholesterol were investigated in dogs and rabbits. The serum cholesterol was estimated simultaneously by two methods. 1. by the direct method of Zlatkis et al. and 2. by precipitation of the serum proteins with aceton-ethanol and subsequent estimation of cholesterol in the filtrate according to the method of Zak et al. The following results were obtained: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On isolated perfused hind limbs of cats the influence of replacement of extracellular sodium chloride by sodium sulfate, -nitrate, and -bromide and by saccharose upon the action of acetylcholine on the striated muscle was investigated. In some experiments the reactions of normal innervated and chronically denervated muscles were compared in the same animal. The following results were obtained: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The release of potassium ions from striated muscle and the changes of tension developed by the gastrocnemius muscle on intraarterial injection of acetylcholine (ACh) were investigated by isolated perfusion of hind limbs in cats. The reactions of the normal innervated and chronically denervated muscle in the same animal were compared under various calcium concentrations. The following results were obtained: From these experimental facts it is concluded: 1. The potassium is released chiefly at the depolarized endplate region and 2. The mechanical response is the result but not the cause of the phenomena manifested by the posassium release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The release of potassiumions from muscle in the state of local tetanus on intraarterial injection of acetylcholine (ACh) was investigated by isolated perfusion of hind limbs in cats. Local tetanus was produced by multilocular injection of tetanustoxin in one of the hind limbs. The reactions of the normal innervated muscles and those treated with tetanustoxin were compared in the same animal. The following results were obtained: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv für Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Microchimica Acta is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Klinische Wochenschrift is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Monatshefte Für Chemie Und Verwandte Teile Anderer Wissenschaften is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv für Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Electrical potential measurements of membrane resting and action potentials were made by means of electrolyte-filled glass micro-electrodes on single fibres of the musculus gracilis of the cat using a perfused hind-limb preparation in situ. The release of potassium from muscle and the tension developed by the gastrocnemius muscle were simultaneously recorded. The normal resting potential in our series was 91.7 mV (s.d. ± 6.7 mV). Partial replacement of the chloride by sulfate in the perfusion fluid led to (a) potassium release from the perfused hind-limb, (b) reversible contracture of the gastrocnemius muscle, (c) depression of the membrane resting potential which was proportional to the degree of replacement of chloride by sulfate in the perfusion fluid and (d) to the occurrence of volleys of spontaneous fibrillation potentials some of which had the shape of damped oscillations. These findings are similar to those observed after treatment with veratrine and are interpreted to be due to (1) increase in sodium permeability and (2) disturbance of the Donnan equilibrium for chloride ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The release of potassium ions from striated muscle, and the changes in mechanical tension developed by the gastrocnemius muscle on intraarterial injection of ACh, were investigated by isolated perfusion of the hind limbs in cats. The reaction of the normal innervated and chronically denervated muscle in the same animal were compared before and during perfusion with 2·10 M/l desoxycorticosterone glucoside (DCG). The following results were obtained: after perfusion with DCG no change in the spontaneous release of potassium ions occurred neither on the innervated nor on the denervated muscle. The potassium release following intra-arterial injections of various doses of ACh was significantly reduced on innervated and denervated muscle. On the denervated muscle there was also a considerable reduction of the height of contractures caused by ACh administration. The results make it probable that DCG acts by an inhibition of depolarisation in the same way as d-tubocurarine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both hind limbs of cats (one being normally innervated, the other 8-12 days after denervation) were perfused and the quantities of potassium liberated from the two limbs in response to intraarterial injections of varying amounts of acetylcholine were compared by collecting the venous outflow from both sides separately; considerably larger quantities of potassium were found to be liberated from the denervated than from the innervated muscle after equal doses of ACH; the threshold dose of ACH for eliciting a measurable liberation of potassium being much lower on the denervated side. The dose response relation between injected ACH and potassium-liberation is of a different nature for innervated and denervated muscle. The results obtained are compatible with expectations derived from the 'short circuit theory' of the transmitter action on the neuromuscular endplate ( Fatt and Katz). The reasons of the difference in the dose relations for the innervated and denervated muscle are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]