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Primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the spleen is an extremely rare tumour. Only 7 cases have been reported in the literature. Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the spleen presenting as pseudomyxoma peritonei has been reported only once. Our patient was initially managed as a case of a hydatid cyst of the spleen. Following splenectomy, histopathology reported it as mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. In view of the fact that metastatic cystadenocarcinoma is more common, investigations were performed for the evaluation of a primary site of malignancy. A whole-body PET CT scan did not reveal any metabolically active lesion in any part of the body. Both upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy did not reveal any primary malignant lesion. Hence, it was being reported as a primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the spleen. It is being reported on account of its extreme rarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A thorough understanding of the anatomy, physiology, and development of the spleen is essential for determining the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning splenic diseases and congenital variations. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize current knowledge regarding the normal development of the spleen, and to provide an overview of clinically relevant congenital splenic variations. These include such variations as asplenia, polysplenia, hyposplenia, lobulation of spleen, accessory spleens, accessory splenic nodules, wandering spleen, splenogonadal and splenopancreatic fusion, splenic cysts, and cavernous haemangioma of the spleen. All of these congenital variations are also mentioned in internationally accepted embryological nomenclature, known as the Terminologia Embryologica. Interestingly, most patients who have these diseases are asymptomatic, and are often diagnosed only after an injury or during unrelated medical procedures. Using examples from published case reports, we highlight how an understanding of the embryology of the spleen and the etiology of its disease states would improve clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous sclerotherapy for non-parasitic splenic cysts (NPSCs). The secondary aims were to introduce puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration (PAIR) technique in the treatment of NPSCs and to compare multiple- and single-session techniques. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 24 (17 females, 7 males) patients, treated between the years 1997 and 2015. Three techniques were used. Group A ( n = 8), Group B ( n = 6) and Group C ( n = 10) were treated by PAIR, single-session catheterization and multiple-session catheterization, respectively. Since both PAIR and single-session catheterization techniques are carried out in a single session, Group A and Group B were evaluated in one group (Group A + B). Group A + B was compared with Group C in terms of patient demographics, the initial volume of the cysts, follow-up periods, complication and hospitalization rates and follow-up results. Recurrence and reduction rates were evaluated for two groups. Results: Technical success rate was 100%. The mean follow-up period was 68.9 months. Recurrence detected in 7 (29.1%) patients. Final reduction rate was between 40.7 and 100% (median 96.4%) with a significant difference in cyst volume ( p < 0.05). There was no significant difference regarding recurrence rates ( p = 1) and the final reduction rates ( p = 0.51) between the two groups. Conclusion: Percutaneous sclerotherapy is a minimally invasive technique, preserving maximum tissue while effectively treating NPSCs. Single-session sclerotherapy which reduces hospitalization days and increases patient comfort is as effective as multi-session sclerotherapy as the initial procedure. This study supports that single-session sclerotherapy should be a valid treatment option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 34-year-old woman visited our hospital for treatment of a huge splenic cyst with epigastric pain. She had been diagnosed with Gaucher’s disease (Type 1) at 3 years of age and had been receiving enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) from 15 years of age. Abdominal MRI showed a low-intensity area, 30 cm in diameter, with a well-defined border on T1-weighted images. The patient underwent laparoscopic fenestration of the huge splenic cyst for relief of worsening epigastric pain caused by the cyst. The cyst contained 2,500 ml of brownish-red fluid. The patient recovered satisfactorily and was discharged on postoperative day 11. Gaucher’s disease is an extremely rare metabolic disease; only about 6,000 patients are registered in the International Collaborative Gaucher Group Gaucher Registry. An extremely rare case of a huge symptomatic splenic cyst treated by laparoscopic fenestration in a patient with Gaucher’s disease is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim-Background: Non-parasitic cysts of the spleen are rare and usually random findings that are treated by a variety of surgical methods. The aim of our study is to present our experience in children and to point out the peculiarities in comparison with those of adults. Method-Material: In the last two years, three children aged 14, 10, and 11 years respectively were treated in our clinic for non-parasitic splenic cysts. In two cases, the cyst was revealed during a check-up for abdominal pain, and in the third during tests for urine infection. In all cases, the diameter of the cysts exceeded 6 cm. In case one, we performed a cystectomy, in case two a partial splenectomy and in case three a total splenectomy. Results: In all cases, the operation was uncomplicated. However, there was a significant difference in the number of days of hospitalization and in the short-term and long-term medication. Histologic examination found the cysts to be epidermoid in cases one and two and of post-traumatic origin in case three. Discussion: The spleen-preserving surgical methods are the methods of choice in children due to the significant immunological role of the spleen at young ages. The basic criteria for the selection of the surgical management were the position and the size of the cysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this case report is to present the rare case of a large splenic pseudocyst and discuss the controversy surrounding surgical treatment A 39-year-old female with unremarkable previous medical history was admitted to our Department with a large splenic cyst. Diagnosis was confirmed on CT. The patient underwent laparoscopic partial cystectomy (de-roofing). The patient had an uneventful postoperative period and was discharged at the 2nd postoperative day. At follow-up, 3 months after the operation, her physical condition, blood tests and abdominal CT scan were normal. Laparoscopic partial cystectomy (deroofing) was performed in order to maintain spleen function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Splenic cysts or masses in pregnancy are extremely rare and only five cases were described in the literature. We present the first case of splenic cyst in pregnancy treated laparoscopically with fenestration and preservation of the spleen. A 23-year-old primigravida at 9 weeks of gestation presented for her prenatal follow-up with a 3 weeks history of epigastric pain and early satiety. A magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated a gigantic splenic cyst measuring 17 × 13 × 15 cm. Aspiration of the cyst was performed under ultrasound guidance for diagnostic purposes as well as for relief of patient’s symptoms. The patient was followed by bi-weekly sonographic scan until the second trimester. A second aspiration of the cyst was complicated with sepsis, and laparoscopic fenestration and omentopexy were performed. The patient’s remaining antepartum course was uncomplicated and she had a normal spontaneous delivery at thirty-eighth week. The most feared complication of a splenic cyst in pregnancy is spontaneous rupture, which in the third trimester is associated with a perinatal mortality rate as high as 70%. Surgical therapy should therefore be provided in the second trimester. Laparoscopic fenestration with omentopexy is a minimally invasive, effective and safe procedure for this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital "true" splenic cysts are rare lesions. Therapeutic methods for the management of these lesions have been based on preserving splenic function due to the immunologic role of spleen. We report three different cases of congenital splenic cysts treated by percutaneous drainage and polidocanol sclerotherapy. This less invasive treatment appears to be safe and effective after 6 to 36 months of follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Langenbecks Archiv fuer Chirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Langenbecks Archiv fuer Chirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Splenic cysts are rare lesions. The congenital non-parasitic cysts of the spleen are rarely met in the clinical practice. Primary cysts have a cellular lining that can be caused by congenital events or parasitic infection (Echinococcus). Secondary cysts have no cellular lining and may be of hemorrhagic, serous, inflammatory, or degenerative origin. We report a rare case of congenital cyst of spleen in a child aged 10 years treated successfully by splenectomy because of total involvement of the splenic parenchyma along with involvement of hilum by the cyst, and we review the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a case of successful percutaneous treatment of a congenital splenic cyst using alcohol as the sclerosing agent. A 14-year-old female adolescent presented with a nonsymptomatic cystic mass located in the spleen that was believed to be congenital. After ultrasonography, a drainage catheter was placed in the cavity. About 250 ml of serous liquid was extracted and sent for microbiologic and pathologic studies to rule out an infectious or malignant origin. Immediately afterwards, complete drainage and local sclerotherapy with alcohol was performed. This therapy was repeated 8 days later, after having observed 60 ml of fluid in the drainage bag. One year after treatment the cyst has practically disappeared. We believe that treatment of splenic cyst with percutaneous puncture, ethanolization, and drainage is a valid option and it does not rule out surgery if the conservative treatment fails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benign, non-parasitic splenic cysts are an uncommon cause of splenomegaly in children. Potentially they may enlarge, causing pain, rupture, or haemorrhage, or become infected. Traditional management has been total splenectomy. We report two cases of true epithelial-lined splenic cysts successfully treated by partial splenectomy using an oxidised cellulose gauze ‘sandwich’ technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Splenic cysts are rare in pediatric surgery. Nowadays management consists of partial splenectomy or decapsulation of the cystic wall. The case reported in this article describes the successful laparoscopic decapsulation of the cystic wall in an 11-year-old child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laparoscopy has recently been demonstrated to be a useful alternative to open surgery for the surgical treatment of spleen disorders, and it can also facilitate a conservative approach for treatment of selected spleen lesions. We present the laparoscopic spleen-preserving treatment of a post-traumatic spleen cyst. A 28-year-old female presented a mass in the left hypochondrium immediately after an uneventful pregnancy. CT revealed a splenic cyst of 10 x 8 cm. Laparoscopic exploration showed a cyst located in the lower pole of the spleen. All the cyst wall not covered by spleen tissue (70%) was excised, and the fragment of cyst wall was recovered through a bag. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged 72 hours later. The laparoscopic approach should be considered for evaluation and treatment of selected benign cystic lesions of liver, retroperitoneum or spleen origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The case of a child found to have an asymptomatic splenic cyst is presented.The child was managed conservatively with eventual resolution of the cyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Langenbecks Archiv fuer Chirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)