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Cognitive Radio Sensor Network (CRSN) is the fusion of opportunistic spectrum access technology and wireless network. It has considered the problems based on the energy and dynamic spectrum derived from the wireless network and caused by the Cognitive Radio Network (CRN). CRSN contains several challenges in the research sector while developing an effective topology control to communicate over the network. The main advantage to extend the lifespan of the network is to harvest energy through Radio Frequency (RF) transmission or from other ambient sources. Hence, this paper plans to develop a new CRSN routing protocol for medical data transmission with energy harvesting, where the hybrid optimization algorithm of named Hybrid Cuckoo Search Elephant Herding Optimization (HCSEHO) is proposed for determining the optimal path between the source and destination node and extending the lifetime of network with optimal energy harvesting model. The main goal is to select the path that has better efficiency to guarantee reliable energy-efficient medical data transmission by setting the initial energy harvesting to avoid the nodes being dead. Here, the proposed multi-objective function considers the constraints such as energy harvesting, hop count, throughput, and outage probability. Simulation results show that the proposed CRSN routing protocol improves network performance and provides more energy efficiency compared to some recent existing protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase in user demand for internet access on move, spectrum resource seems to deplete and leads to spectrum crunch. Recent researches reports that this spectrum crunch is not due to spectrum scarcity but due to spectrum underutilization because of legacy static spectrum allocation of spectrum bands. This spectrum utilization and efficiency can be improved by using Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) techniques, which correlate with cognitive radio technology in one way or the other. There are three basic approach of communication for cognitive radio technology: Inter-weaved approach, Underlay approach and Overlay approach. Extensive researches has been proposed so far based on the inter-weaved approach and little or negligible using underlay or overlay approach. Using these modes the cognitive users can coexist with the primary users at same geographic time and location. In this paper simple and unique Adaptive Power Control (APC) technique for underlay approach for cognitive radio mobile network is proposed. This techniques introduces a Power Adaptive Transmission (PAT) metric which overcomes three major issues. Firstly, this proposed techniques work efficiently over highly active licensed networks with marginal increased throughput of 0.2 Mbps. Secondly, APC this technique adapts to the requirement of cognitive user and Lastly, primary user power is monitored, to prevent interference and maintain the Quality of Service (QoS) of primary user. Under simulation testing the proposed APC technique outperforms various other underlay as well hybrid techniques for power control under cognitive radio environment with 11% increase in throughput and 32% decrease in delay using APC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]