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Abrasive powder-mixed electrode-coated electrical discharge machining (APMEC-EDM) is a hybrid manufacturing process that involves using a abrasive powder mixed dielectric fluid and coated electrodes and combining benefits of both mechanical and thermal interactions. Present study aims to use a new performance assessment technique, gray relational analysis (GRA), to assess the influence of optimizing the APMEC-EDM performance on Nimonic80A Superalloy. Here, five control factors are considered as machining parameters: pulse current (A), pulse on-time (Ton), pulse off-time (Toff), Inter Electrode gap (mm), and aluminum powder concentration (g/L). The GRA L27 Orthogonal Array DOE can determine best parameters for multiple responses. GRA is employed to acquire a single performance index, and gray correlational class is used to optimize the APMEC-EDM process using a gray correlation coefficient with a lower tool wear rate, radial overcut, and higher material removal rate. The multi-objective optimization optimum values are Current at 15 A, Inter Electrode Gap at 2 mm, and Powder concentration in dielectric at 9 g/l, Ton at 300 μs, and Toff at 90 μs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the focus is on the joining of dissimilar Al alloys specifically AA6082 and AA5456 plates using friction stir welding (FSW). Several welding input variables, namely tool rotational speed (RS), welding speed (WS), tool tilt angle (TA), pin depth (PD), and cylindrical pin type (CP) are investigated to their impact on the tensile strength (UTS), hardness (BHN), and Specific Wear Rate (SWR) of the welds. To optimize the welding variables and enhance the mechanical properties (UTS, BHN, and SWR). This study aimed to optimize the variables of the friction stir welding (FSW) process using a combination of Taguchi and GRA methods and an understanding of the relationships between process variables by utilizing the two methods to optimize the FSW variables for AA6082 and AA5456 alloys. The Taguchi approach is used to create an L27 orthogonal array for FSW experiments. Subsequently, the multi-objective optimization problem is transformed into a single-objective optimization problem using the grey relational degree. The significance and influence of the different variables are determined using ANOVA. Through confirmation experiments and predictive analysis, the optimal variables are validated and compared with the obtained results. The findings indicate that the tool rotational speed is the most influential parameter significantly affecting the UTS, BHN, and SWR of the welds compared to the other investigated variables. The optimal factor combination identified using the GRA multi-criteria optimization technique is RS1-WS3-TA1-PD2-CP1, resulting in an approximate improvement in the grey relational grade (GRG) of 0.187. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focused on effect of surface treated kenaf fiber as reinforcement and cellulose as filler in epoxy composites for mechanical, impact toughness and drilling characteristics. The laminates for this study are prepared by hand lay-up process and characterization was performed by preparing suitable samples with respect to ASTM standards. The mechanical characterization results show an increase in tensile strength of around 60% for silane treated reinforcement composites, while as-received reinforced composites give only a 45% increment for composite designation EKC2 (Epoxy + kenaf + Cellulose). Similarly, flexural and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) tests show enhanced properties by 53% and 18%, respectively with a maximum impact resistance of 7.22 J for silane treated reinforcements. Drilling characterization shows smooth drilling from top to bottom due to the silane treatment and there is no delamination occurs. Such improved, strengthened materials are used in various industrial and household applications as well as from its drilling characteristics, it is clear that these natural fiber composites can be used in the automotive sector and for structural uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]